204 research outputs found
Brain air embolism secondary to atrial-esophageal fistula.
Case report of a patient who developed a cerebral air embolism secondary to atrial-esophageal fistula
Disclosing intrinsic molecular dynamics on the 1-fs scale through extreme-ultraviolet pump-probe measurements
Through frequency up-conversion of polarization-shaped, femtosecond laser pulses nonlinearly interacting with xenon atoms, energetic, broadband, coherent, XUV continuum radiation is generated. By exploiting the thus-formed short-duration XUV pulses, all the optically allowed excited states of H2 are coherently populated. Nuclear and electronic 1-fs-scale dynamics are subsequently investigated by means of XUV-pump-XUV-probe measurements, which are compared to the results of ab initio calculations. The revealed dynamics reflects the intrinsic molecular behavior, as the XUV probe pulse hardly distorts the molecular potentialThis work is supported in part by the European Commission programs ATTOFEL, CRISP, Laserlab Europe, the European COST Actions MPI1203-SKO and CM1204 XLIC, and the Greek funding program NSRF. A.P. and F.M. acknowledge allocation of computer time by CCC-UAM and BSC Mare Nostrum, and financial support from the Advanced Grant of the European Research Council XCHEM (No. 290853), the European grant MC-RG ATTOTREND, the MICINN Project (No. FIS2010-15127), and the ERA-Chemistry Project (No. PIM2010EEC-00751)
Wave packet retrieval by multi-photon quantum beat spectroscopy in helium
We show that we can probe the components of an attosecond bound electron wave packet by mapping the quantum beat signal produced by a synchronized delayed few-cycle infrared pulse into the continuum. In addition, spectrally overlapping peaks that result from one-, two- or three-photon processes from more or less deeply bound states can in principle be interferometrically resolved with high resolution
Observation and Control of Laser-Enabled Auger Decay
Single photon laser enabled Auger decay (spLEAD) has been redicted
theoretically [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 083004 (2013)] and here we report its
first experimental observation in neon. Using coherent, bichromatic
free-electron laser pulses, we have detected the process and coherently
controlled the angular distribution of the emitted electrons by varying the
phase difference between the two laser fields. Since spLEAD is highly sensitive
to electron correlation, this is a promising method for probing both
correlation and ultrafast hole migration in more complex systems.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Attosecond electronic recollision as field detector
We demonstrate the complete reconstruction of the electric field of
visible-infrared pulses with energy as low as a few tens of nanojoules. The
technique allows for the reconstruction of the instantaneous electric field
vector direction and magnitude, thus giving access to the characterisation of
pulses with an arbitrary time-dependent polarisation state. The technique
combines extreme ultraviolet interferometry with the generation of isolated
attosecond pulses.Comment: 5 figure
Definition of miRNAs expression profile in glioblastoma samples: the relevance of non-neoplastic brain reference.
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor that may occur in adults. Regardless of the huge improvements in surgery and molecular therapy, the outcome of neoplasia remains poor. MicroRNAs are small molecules involved in several cellular processes, and their expression is altered in the vast majority of tumors. Several studies reported the expression of different miRNAs in glioblastoma, but one of the most critical point in understanding glioblastoma miRNAs profile is the comparison of these studies. In this paper, we focused our attention on the non-neoplastic references used for determining miRNAs expression. The aim of this study was to investigate if using three different non-neoplastic brain references (normal adjacent the tumor, commercial total RNA, and epileptic specimens) could provide discrepant results. The analysis of 19 miRNAs was performed using Real-Time PCR, starting from the set of samples described above and the expression values compared. Moreover, the three different normal RNAs were used to determine the miRNAs profile in 30 glioblastomas. The data showed that different non-neoplastic controls could lead to different results and emphasize the importance of comparing miRNAs profiles obtained using the same experimental condition
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