1,464 research outputs found
Decision support in assessing the sustainable use of forests and other natural resources - a comparative review
Suomen geokemiallinen kartoitus
Tiivistelmä. Tutkielma koostaa Suomessa moreenista, pohjavesistä, purovesistä ja purosedimenteistä tehdyt geokemialliset kartoitukset. Tämän lisäksi työssä käydään läpi muutama marginaalisempi kartoituksen kohde. Tiedot perustuvat Geologian tutkimuskeskuksen suorittamiin näytteenottoihin ja niistä saatuihin tuloksiin. Varsinaisen aiheen ollessa laaja, tutkielma käy ensisijaisesti läpi kysymykset mitä, missä ja milloin kartoituksia on tehty. Kartoitusten tuloksia käydään läpi suurpiirteisemmin pohdinnan muodossa
On the oxygen consumption of Mesidothea entomon (L.) (Crustacea, Isopoda)
The level of oxygen consumption of a Baltic population of Mesidothea entomon was determined in salinities of 1,6.5 and 15‰ and at temperatures of 5°C and 15°C using males, ovigerous females and non-ovigerous females. No significant dependence was found between respiration and salinity. The mean oxygen consumption is of the same order of magnitude as or Baltic marine isopods in general. lt decreases towards the autumn. The oxygen consumption remains at the same level independent of the oxygen concentration in the water until this falls below 2 mg per litre
Hyvinvoinnin turvaamisen rajat : Näköaloja talouskriisiin ja hyvinvointivaltion kehitykseen Suomessa
Miten syksyllä 2008 alkanut globaali talouskriisi vaikuttaa pitkällä aikavälillä suomalaiseen hyvinvointivaltioon? Jos olisimme antiikin Kreikassa, voisimme mennä Delfoin oraakkelin luo Apollonin temppeliin ja esittää tämän kysymyksen ennuspapittarelle. Eräänä lokakuun päivänä 2009 Kelan tiloihin kokoontui joukko suomalaisia hyvinvointivaltion huippuasiantuntijoita. He kertoivat julkisen talouden, kansalaisten toimeentulon ja terveyden näkökulmista kolmelle ”professori-oraakkelille” eli tanskalaiselle Nina Smithille, ruotsalaiselle Johan Fritzellille ja saksalaisille Karl Hinrichsille Suomen kokemuksista edellisestä, 1990-luvun alun lamasta, sen jälkeisestä kehityksestä sekä omista tulevaisuuden arvioistaan. Seuraavana päivänä oraakkelit lausuivat ennustuksensa, joka paljastetaan tässä raportissa.10,00 euro
Near-infrared evolution of the equatorial ring of SN 1987A
We use adaptive-optics imaging and integral field spectroscopy from the Very
Large Telescope, together with images from the \emph{Hubble Space Telescope},
to study the near-infrared (NIR) evolution of the equatorial ring (ER) of
SN~1987A. We study the NIR line and continuum flux and morphology over time in
order to lay the groundwork for \emph{James Webb Space Telescope} observations
of the system. We also study the differences in the interacting ring structure
and flux between optical, NIR and other wavelengths, and between line and
continuum emission, to constrain the underlying physical processes. Mostly the
evolution is similar in the NIR and optical. The morphology of the ER has been
skewed toward the west side (with roughly 2/3 of the NIR emission originating
there) since around 2010. A steady decline in the ER flux, broadly similar to
the MIR and the optical, is ongoing since roughly this time as well. The
expansion velocity of the ER hotspots in the NIR is fully consistent with the
optical. However, continuum emission forms roughly 70 per cent of the NIR
luminosity, and is relatively stronger outside the hotspot-defined extent of
the ER than the optical emission or NIR line emission since 2012--2013,
suggesting a faster-expanding continuum component. We find that this outer NIR
emission can have a significant synchrotron contribution. Even if emission from
hot (2000~K) dust is dominant within the ER, the mass of this dust must
be vanishingly small (a few ~M) compared to the total
dust mass in the ER (~M) to account for the observed
flux. The NIR continuum emission, however, expands slower than the more
diffuse 180-K dust emission that dominates in the MIR, indicating a different
source, and the same hot dust component cannot account for the -band
emission.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy &
Astrophysic
Metabolomic Profiling of Statin Use and Genetic Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase
Background Statins are first-line therapy for cardiovascular disease prevention, but their systemic effects across lipoprotein subclasses, fatty acids, and circulating metabolites remain incompletely characterized. Objectives This study sought to determine the molecular effects of statin therapy on multiple metabolic pathways. Methods Metabolic profiles based on serum nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics were quantified at 2 time points in 4 population-based cohorts from the United Kingdom and Finland (N = 5,590; 2.5 to 23.0 years of follow-up). Concentration changes in 80 lipid and metabolite measures during follow-up were compared between 716 individuals who started statin therapy and 4,874 persistent nonusers. To further understand the pharmacological effects of statins, we used Mendelian randomization to assess associations of a genetic variant known to mimic inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase (the intended drug target) with the same lipids and metabolites for 27,914 individuals from 8 population-based cohorts. Results Starting statin therapy was associated with numerous lipoprotein and fatty acid changes, including substantial lowering of remnant cholesterol (80% relative to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]), but only modest lowering of triglycerides (25% relative to LDL-C). Among fatty acids, omega-6 levels decreased the most (68% relative to LDL-C); other fatty acids were only modestly affected. No robust changes were observed for circulating amino acids, ketones, or glycolysis-related metabolites. The intricate metabolic changes associated with statin use closely matched the association pattern with rs12916 in the HMGCR gene (R2 = 0.94, slope 1.00 ± 0.03). Conclusions Statin use leads to extensive lipid changes beyond LDL-C and appears efficacious for lowering remnant cholesterol. Metabolomic profiling, however, suggested minimal effects on amino acids. The results exemplify how detailed metabolic characterization of genetic proxies for drug targets can inform indications, pleiotropic effects, and pharmacological mechanisms
Kepler423b: a half-Jupiter mass planet transiting a very old solar-like star
We report the spectroscopic confirmation of the Kepler object of interest
KOI-183.01 (Kepler-423b), a half-Jupiter mass planet transiting an old
solar-like star every 2.7 days. Our analysis is the first to combine the full
Kepler photometry (quarters 1-17) with high-precision radial velocity
measurements taken with the FIES spectrograph at the Nordic Optical Telescope.
We simultaneously modelled the photometric and spectroscopic data-sets using
Bayesian approach coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. We found that
the Kepler pre-search data conditioned (PDC) light curve of KOI-183 exhibits
quarter-to-quarter systematic variations of the transit depth, with a
peak-to-peak amplitude of about 4.3 % and seasonal trends reoccurring every
four quarters. We attributed these systematics to an incorrect assessment of
the quarterly variation of the crowding metric. The host star KOI-183 is a G4
dwarf with M_\rm{Sun},
R_\rm{Sun}, K, dex, and with
an age of Gyr. The planet KOI-183b has a mass of
M and a radius of
R, yielding a planetary bulk
density of g/cm. The radius of KOI-183b
is consistent with both theoretical models for irradiated coreless giant
planets and expectations based on empirical laws. The inclination of the
stellar spin axis suggests that the system is aligned along the line of sight.
We detected a tentative secondary eclipse of the planet at a 2-
confidence level ( ppm) and found that the
orbit might have a small non-zero eccentricity of .
With a Bond albedo of , KOI-183b is one of the
gas-giant planets with the lowest albedo known so far.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A.
Planet designation changed from KOI-183b to Kepler-423
The multi-faceted Type II-L supernova 2014G from pre-maximum to nebular phase
We present multi-band ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared photometry,
along with visual-wavelength spectroscopy, of supernova (SN) 2014G in the
nearby galaxy NGC 3448 (25 Mpc). The early-phase spectra show strong emission
lines of the high ionisation species He II/N IV/C IV during the first 2-3 d
after explosion, traces of a metal-rich CSM probably due to pre-explosion mass
loss events. These disappear by day 9 and the spectral evolution then continues
matching that of normal Type II SNe. The post-maximum light curve declines at a
rate typical of Type II-L class. The extensive photometric coverage tracks the
drop from the photospheric stage and constrains the radioactive tail, with a
steeper decline rate than that expected from the Co decay if
-rays are fully trapped by the ejecta. We report the appearance of an
unusual feature on the blue-side of H after 100 d, which evolves to
appear as a flat spectral feature linking H and the O I doublet. This
may be due to interaction of the ejecta with a strongly asymmetric, and
possibly bipolar CSM. Finally, we report two deep spectra at ~190 and 340 d
after explosion, the latter being arguably one of the latest spectra for a Type
II-L SN. By modelling the spectral region around the Ca II, we find a
supersolar Ni/Fe production. The strength of the O I 6300,6363
doublet, compared with synthetic nebular spectra, suggests a progenitor with a
zero-age main-sequence mass between 15 and 19 M.Comment: 24 pages, 14 figure
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