Copper metal movement: an introduction to raising, The

Production #5892.1989 Winter

Stanton Earl Englehart

1988 Fall.Includes bibliographic references (page 22)

Fabry-Perot Laser Ultrasonic Elastic Anisotropy Measurements on a Moving Paper Web

On-line measurement of material properties is a goal of many manufacturers to improve production and quality. The elastic stiffness of paper is important for the paper industry. Currently, the elastic constants of paper are measured offline with contact ultrasonic methods [1-4]. Piezoelectric transducers are placed in contact with the paper surface to generate and detect plate wave modes, known as Lamb wave modes [5-7]. At low frequencies, where the wavelength of the elastic wave is larger than the paper thickness, two wave modes dominate in the paper, an anti-symmetric or flexural mode and a symmetric or thickness mode. Measurements of the phase velocities of these modes along both the machine direction (MD) and the perpendicular cross direction (CD) of the paper web provide an important parameter revealing the increased stiffness in the paper along the MD direction

Basin analysis using seismic interpretation as tools to examine the extent of a basin ore 'play'

Stratiform and stratabound base metal ores typically form in sedimentary basins during the overall rifting process with mineralising fluids transported along the growing normal faults. Understanding the detailed structural evolution, i.e. the timing, the growth and the extent of the faults, and the distribution and thickness of the syn-faulting sedimentary packages, is critical for focusing exploration efforts. In this paper, we describe how seismic interpretation and basin analysis techniques can help to do this. We assess the potential for Pb-Zn mineralisation within the Northumberland Trough, northern England, in the context of the wider Early Carboniferous basin evolution and the associated base metal ores. Through structural interpretation of seismic reflection data, we consider the detailed evolution of the fault geometries and sedimentation in time and space, to show the extent and distribution of the Early Carboniferous faulting and growth packages at depth in the study area. We conclude that basin evolution and structural framework in northern England is very similar to that associated with the significant Pb-Zn mineralisation in Ireland. We suggest a refined model for the Carboniferous evolution of this part of the basin. The study demonstrates how the techniques of basin analysis can be a used in ore exploration to establish whether the basic structural and sedimentary framework exists to enable mineralisation. In addition to assessing the general potential of base metal mineralisation, a more precise identification of potentially suitable areas for further investigation can be made. The seismic data and basin analysis approach used in this paper and exemplified through the Northumberland case should be directly applicable to any basin ore 'play' associated with rifting and/or sedimentation. The added, significant advantage of this method is the ability to assess the 3D fault geometries, including fault linkage and growth in space and time, and the associated sedimentation - an unachievable outcome if relying solely on other geophysical and geological data traditionally used in regional ore exploration

Beyond the circle

1990 Summer.Supplemental zip file includes 14 slides of artwork.The direction of this thesis is one of personal expression, not intended to educate or direct the viewer, but to freely address concerns to which I am sensitive. The need to deal with my own values and those of the traditional world led me to ask questions about their parallels, relationships and validity. I realized I was influenced by a traditional ideology and needed to understand and evaluate its meaning. For me, tradition is a world already named, safe and comfortable; it provides the assurance that life is already explained and not unduly threatening. Tradition and training encouraged me not to question but to accept readily the ways I inherited. Among other things, those traditional concepts established the expectations of male and female. For example males are invested with a sense of power and authority which often prohibits their true emotions to be expressed. In such cases they are expected to "act like men". Their toughness is assumed to justify their power over the "weaker" sex. The female is expected to be an attractive homey, individual who compassionately nurtures those around her while expressing "soft emotional" characteristics. Because I questioned these stereotypes, I felt a need to establish my own definitions based on the basic structure of nature, avoiding cultural preconceptions. The basic structure of nature is void of human political, social and regional sexual preconceptions. At this level I am able to feel what it is to be human--not male or female. A parallel exists between the earth and humans in this regard, for the earth is neither male nor female but both. The earth is strong yet nurturing and, at the same time, powerful and weak. The power and violence of storms and other natural phenomenon are as intrinsic to the cycles of earth as are the calm and stable moments of a sunny day. To observe this in nature brought forth more evidence of the cyclical qualities of these characteristics

Real-world visual statistics and infants' first-learned object names

We offer a new solution to the unsolved problem of how infants break into word learning based on the visual statistics of everyday infant-perspective scenes. Images from head camera video captured by 8 1/2 to 10 1/2 month-old infants at 147 at-home mealtime events were analysed for the objects in view. The images were found to be highly cluttered with many different objects in view. However, the frequency distribution of object categories was extremely right skewed such that a very small set of objects was pervasively present—a fact that may substantially reduce the problem of referential ambiguity. The statistical structure of objects in these infant egocentric scenes differs markedly from that in the training sets used in computational models and in experiments on statistical word-referent learning. Therefore, the results also indicate a need to re-examine current explanations of how infants break into word learning