Semileptonic Bq→Dq∗lνB_{q}\to D^{\ast}_{q}l\nu (q=s,d,u)(q=s, d, u) Decays in QCD Sum Rules

The form factors relevant to $B_{q}\to D^{\ast}_{q}(J^{P}=1^{-}) ell\nu$ $(q=s, d, u)$ decays are calculated in the framework of the three point QCD sum rules approach. The heavy quark effective theory prediction of the form factors as well as $1/m_{b}$ corrections to those form factors are obtained. A comparison of the results for the ratio of form factors at zero recoil limit and other values of $q^{2}$ with the predictions of the subleading Isgur-Wise form factor application for $B\to D^{\ast}\ell\nu$ is presented. The total decay width and branching ratio for these decays are also evaluated using the $q^2$ dependencies of these form factors. The results are in good agreement with the constituent quark meson model and existing experimental data. The $q=s$ case can also be detected at LHC in the near future.Comment: 28 Pages, 6 Figures and 9 Table

The Reproducibility of Evolving Social Science Evidence and How It Shapes Equal Protection Jurisprudence

In Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that state laws establishing segregation in schools were unconstitutional, overturning Plessy v. Ferguson. In its decision, the Court discussed and cited to social science evidence, which garnered criticism from many legal scholars and ignited a debate as to whether the use of such evidence had a place in Equal Protection jurisprudence. Over thirty years later, in McClesky v. Kemp, the Court rejected the incorporation of social science data in its decision and, instead, applied the Intent Doctrine. Since McClesky, the Court has consistently upheld the use of the Intent Doctrine in Equal Protection cases. Although the Court still continues to use the Intent Doctrine, newer findings suggest that implicit biases within the human mind may also factor into discriminatory effect and should be taken into consideration without opening up the floodgates and disrupting the courts. While the Court has nevertheless been apprehensive about incorporating such studies into their rulings because these studies are not easily replicated, social science data still has its merits. This Note will argue that as of now, the Intent Doctrine does not provide a fair and equitable court system. This Note will advocate that the Court should consider alternatives to the Intent Doctrine that takes into consideration social science evidence, which may serve as a springboard to help the Court avoid unintended discrimination in its Equal Protection jurisprudence

Rare Radiative Bc→Ds1(2460)γB_{c}\rightarrow D_{s1}(2460)\gamma Transition in QCD

We investigate the radiative $B_{c} \to D_{s1} \gamma$ transition in the framework of QCD sum rules. In particular, we calculate the transition form factors responsible for this decay in both weak annihilation and electromagnetic penguin channels using the quark condensate, mixed and two-gluon condensate diagrams as well as propagation of the soft quark in the electromagnetic field as non-perturbative corrections. These form factors are then used to estimate the branching ratios of the channels under consideration. The total branching ratio of the $B_{c} \to D_{s1} \gamma$ transition is obtained to be in order of $10^{-5}$, and the dominant contribution comes from the weak annihilation channel.Comment: 24 Pages and 3 Figure

Semileptonic Dq→K1ℓνD_{q}\to K_{1}\ell \nu and nonleptonic D→K1πD\to K_1 \pi decays in three--point QCD sum rules and factorization approach

We analyze the semileptonic $D_{q}\to K_1 \ell\nu$ transition with $q=u, d, s$, in the framework of the three--point QCD sum rules and the nonleptonic $D\to K_1 \pi$ decay within the QCD factorization approach. We study $D_{q}$ to $K_1(1270)$ and $K_1(1400)$ transition form factors by separating the mixture of the $K_1(1270)$ and $K_1(1400)$ states. Using the transition form factors of the $D\to K_1$, we analyze the nonleptonic $D\to K_1 \pi$ decay. We also present the decay amplitude and decay width of these decays in terms of the transition form factors. The branching ratios of these channel modes are also calculated at different values of the mixing angle $\theta_{K_1}$ and compared with the existing experimental data for the nonleptonic case.Comment: 28 Pages, 20 Figures and 9 Table

Why do Large Animals Never Actuate Their Jumps with Latch-Mediated Springs? Because They can Jump Higher Without Them.

As animals get smaller, their ability to generate usable work from muscle contraction is decreased by the muscle's force-velocity properties, thereby reducing their effective jump height. Very small animals use a spring-actuated system, which prevents velocity effects from reducing available energy. Since force-velocity properties reduce the usable work in even larger animals, why don't larger animals use spring-actuated jumping systems as well? We will show that muscle length-tension properties limit spring-actuated systems to generating a maximum one-third of the possible work that a muscle could produce-greatly restricting the jumping height of spring-actuated jumpers. Thus a spring-actuated jumping animal has a jumping height that is one-third of the maximum possible jump height achievable were 100% of the possible muscle work available. Larger animals, which could theoretically use all of the available muscle energy, have a maximum jumping height that asymptotically approaches a value that is about three times higher than that of spring-actuated jumpers. Furthermore, a size related "crossover point" is evident for these two jumping mechanisms: animals smaller than this point can jump higher with a spring-actuated mechanism, while animals larger than this point can jump higher with a muscle-actuated mechanism. We demonstrate how this limit on energy storage is a consequence of the interaction between length-tension properties of muscles and spring stiffness. We indicate where this crossover point occurs based on modeling and then use jumping data from the literature to validate that larger jumping animals generate greater jump heights with muscle-actuated systems than spring-actuated systems

Magnetic Moments of Heavy ΞQ\Xi_{Q} Baryons in Light Cone QCD Sum Rules

The magnetic moments of heavy $\Xi_{Q}$ baryons containing a single charm or bottom quark are calculated in the framework of light cone QCD sum rules method. A comparison of our results with the predictions of the quark models is presented.Comment: 26 Pages, 8 Figures and 1 Tabl

Designing a Future Value Stream Mapping to Reduce Lead Time Using SMED-A Case Study

AbstractMany manufacturers struggle with improving productivity, producing the right products or services at the right place and meeting on-time delivery. To survive in today‘s era competitive world, manufacturers need to find new ways to reduce the manufacturing lead times in order to improve productivity and operating principle. Nowadays, it is targeted to improve the productivity performance by reducing the production lead time and production waste that are the most important goals for almost all manufacturing companies. The main objective of this study is to design an efficient Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to improve the productivity in Small Medium Enterprise (SME) by eliminating non-value added activities. The methodology of the study is to firstly analyze the production waste in current state map, secondly to use the Kaizen activity with Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) to effectively support future state for process improvement of the action plan. As a conclusion, this paper presents that the designed Future Value Stream Map (FVSM) helps to effectively identify wasteful activities and production processes. VSM and Kaizen serve as an input for continuous improvement by reducing the manufacturing lead time using SMED in SME

Pseudoscalar--meson decuplet--baryon coupling constants in light cone QCD

Taking into account the $SU(3)_f$ breaking effects, the strong coupling constants of the $\pi$, $K$ and $\eta$ mesons with decuplet baryons are calculated within light cone QCD sum rules method. It is shown that all coupling constants, even in the case of $SU(3)_f$ breaking, are described in terms of only one universal function. It is shown that for $\Xi^{\ast 0} \to \Xi^{\ast 0} \eta$ transition violation of $SU(3)_f$ symmetry is very large and for other channels when $SU(3)_f$ symmetry is violated, its maximum value constitutes $10$.Comment: 17 Pages, one Figure and 3 Table

Analysis of heavy spin--3/2 baryon--heavy spin--1/2 baryon--light vector meson vertices in QCD

The heavy spin--3/2 baryon--heavy spin--1/2 baryon vertices with light vector mesons are studied within the light cone QCD sum rules method. These vertices are parametrized in terms of three coupling constants. These couplings are calculated for all possible transitions. It is shown that correlation functions for these transitions are described by only one invariant function for every Lorenz structure. The obtained relations between the correlation functions of the different transitions are structure independent while explicit expressions of invariant functions depend on the Lorenz structure.Comment: 17 Pages, 6 Figures and 4 Table