Healthy Food

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo demostrar la viabilidad de nuestra propuesta de negocio sobre la alimentación saludable, a través de Healthy food delivery APP. Para ello, se han utilizado diversas técnicas y entrevistas que nos permiten utilizando los mínimos recursos económicos, obtener los resultados y perspectivas de los consumidores, de esta forma identificar y corregir en el camino cualquier proceso del negocio hasta la puesta en marcha de nuestro negocio

Weeds in the start of development of the crop of FCV tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) in Campoalegre, Huila-Colombia

At the beginning of the physiological growth of tobacco plants, there may be competition with weeds for light, moisture and soil nutrients, which slows down the development of the crop, raises management costs and in some cases, causes losses to the farmer. The objective of this work was to determine the persistence of weeds under chemical control before and after the transplantation of tobacco seedlings, for which a study was carried out in Campoalegre (Huila), at a height of 522 masl. A first sampling was carried out using the methodology by linear transects with 180 quadrants of 0.5 x 0.5 m, in 1.9 ha; later the application of herbicides was carried out and after the transplant a second sampling was implemented. Before transplantation, 16 botanical families with 23 species were identified and later 15 families with 19 species, without the presence of new records. Before transplanting, the highest index of importance value was of the Poaceae and the Cyperus rotundus species, but later the greatest value was presented again by the same family, although Rottboellia cochinchinensis stood out. Likewise, previously transplantation, the greatest diversity was of C. rotundus, dominance of Cleome spinosa and uniformity of Spermacoce assurgens. After transplanting, the greatest diversity and dominance was R. cochinchinensis and the greatest uniformity was Kallstroemia maxima. The survival capacity of the weeds is highlighted before a chemical control where only four species of those initially listed stopped appearing

Microbial communities affected by captan in soils under different management practices

La aplicación de fungicidas se ha vuelto un método recurrente en la agricultura moderna. Sin embargo, su frecuente aplicación podría inhibir procesos clave en los agroecosistemas, particularmente en el suelo. Captan es un fungicida de amplio espectro, organoclorado y no sistémico ampliamente utilizado en agricultura. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar como distintas dosis del fungicida captan, afectan la microbiota del suelo sometido a diferentes tipos de manejos, y con gradiente de deterioro asociado al contenido de materia orgánica del suelo (MOS). El ensayo se realizó en invernadero e incluyo suelos con tres tipos de manejo: área preservada con bosque nativo (L1), manejo conservacionista (L2) y manejo convencional (L3). Los tratamientos fueron: control (0X), dosis 1.0 mg/kg suelo (1X) y dosis 10 mg/kg suelo (10X). La toma de muestras se realizó 30 días posteriores a la aplicación de captan. Se evaluaron actividades enzimáticas relacionadas con los ciclos C, N y P, análisis de ácidos grasos fosfolípidos (PLFA) y cuantificación de genes de los ARN ribosomales (16S y 18S) para para evaluar el impacto de captan en la estructura y actividades de las comunidades microbianas. Nuestros resultados mostraron incrementos en las actividades enzimáticas y la biomasa en los suelos L1 y a dosis 1X en relación al control, con excepción de gran-negativas que incrementan a dosis 10X. Sin embargo, la aplicación de dosis 10x produjo perdidas de actividad y la biomasa microbiana en los tres tipos suelos. Los menores valores de copias 16S y 18S ARNr se registraron en los tratamientos con fungicida. El ARNr bacteriano 16S no presentó diferencias entre los tratamientos en los suelos L3. En conclusión, el suelo L1, presentó mayor sensibilidad en la respuesta a captan en comparación con los suelos bajo manejo agrícola L2 y L3.The application of fungicides has become a recurring method of modern agriculture. However, its frequent application could inhibit key processes in agroecosystems, particularly in the soil. Captan is a broad-spectrum, organochlorine, non-systemic fungicide widely used in agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate how different dosages of the fungicide captan affect the microbiota of soil subjected to different types of management and with a degradation gradient associated with the soil organic matter (SOM) content. The trial was conducted in a greenhouse and included soils with three types of management: pristine forest soil (L1), 2:1 rotation (soybean-corn) under no-tillage management (L2), and soybean monoculture under conventional tillage management (L3). The treatments were: control (0x), dosage 1.0 mg/kg soil (1x), and dosage 10 mg/kg soil (10x). Sampling was carried out 30 days after the application of captan. Enzymatic activities related to C, N, and P cycles, phospholipid fatty acid profiles (PLFA), and a quantification method for ribosomal RNA gene copy numbers (16S and 18S) were evaluated to assess the impact of captan on the structure and activities of microbial communities. Our results showed increases in enzyme activities and biomass in L1 soils at 1x doses compared to the control, except for gram-negative bacteria that increased at 10x dosages. However, the application of 10x dosages produced losses in activity and microbial biomass in the three types of soil. The lowest values of 16S and 18S rRNA copies were registered in the treatments with fungicide. The 16S bacterial rRNA did not present differences between the treatments in the L3 soils. In conclusion, the L1 soil presented greater sensitivity in its response to captan compared to the L2 and L3 soils under agricultural management.Fil: Barbero, Florencia Magalí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Verdenelli, Romina Aylen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Dominchin, Maria Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Pérez Brandán, Jimena María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Salta-Jujuy. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aoki, Agustin. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Microscopía Electrónica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vargas Gil, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola; ArgentinaFil: Meriles, Jose Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Miradas y voces de la investigación educativa I

Fil: Ferreyra, Horacio Ademar. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Calneggia, María Isabel. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; ArgentinaFil: Di Francesco, Adriana Carlota. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Educación; Argentin

HDV-Like Viruses

International audienceHepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective human virus that lacks the ability to produce its own envelope proteins and is thus dependent on the presence of a helper virus, which provides its surface proteins to produce infectious particles. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was so far thought to be the only helper virus described to be associated with HDV. However, recent studies showed that divergent HDV-like viruses could be detected in fishes, birds, amphibians, and invertebrates, without evidence of any HBV-like agent supporting infection. Another recent study demonstrated that HDV can be transmitted and propagated in experimental infections ex vivo and in vivo by different enveloped viruses unrelated to HBV, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) and flaviviruses such as Dengue and West Nile virus. All this new evidence, in addition to the identification of novel virus species within a large range of hosts in absence of HBV, suggests that deltaviruses may take advantage of a large spectrum of helper viruses and raises questions about HDV origins and evolution

Preliminary Evidence for Hepatitis Delta Virus Exposure in Patients Who Are Apparently Not Infected With Hepatitis B Virus

International audienceHepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective human virus that lacks the ability to produce its own envelope proteins and is thus dependent on the presence of a helper virus, which causes its surface proteins to produce infectious particles. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was so far thought to be the only helper virus described to be associated to HDV. However, recent studies showed that divergent HDV-like viruses can be detected in fishes, birds, amphibians, and invertebrates without evidence of any HBV-like agent supporting infection (reviewed in Maya and Ploss(1)). Another recent study demonstrated that HDV can be transmitted and propagated in experimental infections ex vivo and in vivo by different enveloped viruses unrelated to HBV, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), flaviviruses like dengue and West Nile virus, and vesiculovirus.(2) Altogether, these results suggested that hepatitis D infection may, in theory, occur in patients carrying either virus.(2) These observations prompted us to search for HDV infection among patients who are HCV infected and in geographical regions with high HDV endemicity.The exact prevalence of HDV infection in Venezuela is unknown, but outbreaks of fulminant HDV infections have been reported in indigenous populations from the Amazon basin and Western Venezuela.(3) The high prevalence of HDV infection among these indigenous populations might have favored dissemination of HDV infection among other inhabitants in the country. Here, we investigated the possible HDV exposure in a cohort of Venezuelan patients infected with HCV

Structural basis of eukaryotic cell-cell fusion.

International audienceCell-cell fusion proteins are essential in development. Here we show that the C. elegans cell-cell fusion protein EFF-1 is structurally homologous to viral class II fusion proteins. The 2.6 Å crystal structure of the EFF-1 trimer displays the same 3D fold and quaternary conformation of postfusion class II viral fusion proteins, although it lacks a nonpolar "fusion loop," indicating that it does not insert into the target membrane. EFF-1 was previously shown to be required in both cells for fusion, and we show that blocking EFF-1 trimerization blocks the fusion reaction. Together, these data suggest that whereas membrane fusion driven by viral proteins entails leveraging of a nonpolar loop, EFF-1-driven fusion of cells entails trans-trimerization such that transmembrane segments anchored in the two opposing membranes are brought into contact at the tip of the EFF-1 trimer to then, analogous to SNARE-mediated vesicle fusion, zip the two membranes into one

A fusion peptide in preS1 and the human protein-disulfide isomerase ERp57 are involved in HBV membrane fusion process

International audienceCell entry of enveloped viruses relies on the fusion between the viral and plasma or endosomal membranes, through a mechanism that is triggered by a cellular signal. Here we used a combination of computational and experimental approaches to unravel the main determinants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) membrane fusion process. We discovered that ERp57 is a host factor critically involved in triggering HBV fusion and infection. Then, through modelling approaches, we uncovered a putative allosteric cross-strand disulfide (CSD) bond in the HBV S glycoprotein and we demonstrate that its stabilization could prevent membrane fusion. Finally, we identified and characterized a potential fusion peptide in the preS1 domain of the HBV L glycoprotein. These results underscore a membrane fusion mechanism that could be triggered by ERp57, allowing a thiol/disulfide exchange reaction to occur and regulate isomerization of a critical CSD, which ultimately leads to the exposition of the fusion peptide