Políticas de unificación de Corea y alianzas regionales

This first document resulting from the project on «Korean Unification : historical outline of presumptions, perceptions and policies» is a synthesis of the international academic debate on national unification policies in South Korea and their relationship with the role played in the process by North Korea and regional (Russia, China and Japan) and extrarregional actors (United States) in 1988-2002. It includes a very partial processing of qualitative Information gathered by means of semi-formal interviews to Korean experts, which will be developed in a second document. As an overall hypothesis, it contends that strategic interests of Russia, China, Japan and the United States regarding the Korean peninsula point to the need of its stabilization, according to their own perceptions of security that do not imply supporting a Korean proccess of national unification but rather maintaining the status quo, which conflicts with South Korea's interests.   Este articulo, como primer documento resultante del proyecto "Korean unification: historical outline of presumptions, perceptions and Policies", sintetiza el debate académico internacional respecto de las políticas de unificación nacional de Corea del Sur y su relación con el papel de Corea del Norte y los actores regionales (Rusia, China y Japón) y extra regionales (Estados Unidos) en este proceso en el período I988-2002. Expone un procesamiento muy parcial de la información cualitativa acumulada mediante entrevistas seimestructuradas a expertos coreanos en Corea del Sur, que se desarrollará en otro trabajo. Como hipótesis general, se establece que los intereses estratégicos de Rusia, China, Japón y Estados Unidos respecto de la península coreana plantean la necesidad de su estabilización de acuerdo con sus propias percepciones de la seguridad, que no apuntan a apoyar un proceso de unificación nacional coreano, sino por el contrario a mantener el statu quo, lo que se contradice con los intereses surcoreanos al respecto

A modified theoretical framework to assess implementation fidelity of adaptive public health interventions

Background: One of the major debates in implementation research turns around fidelity and adaptation. Fidelity is the degree to which an intervention is implemented as intended by its developers. It is meant to ensure that the intervention maintains its intended effects. Adaptation is the process of implementers or users bringing changes to the original design of an intervention. Depending on the nature of the modifications brought, adaptation could either be potentially positive or could carry the risk of threatening the theoretical basis of the intervention, resulting in a negative effect on expected outcomes. Adaptive interventions are those for which adaptation is allowed or even encouraged. Classical fidelity dimensions and conceptual frameworks do not address the issue of how to adapt an intervention while still maintaining its effectiveness. Discussion: We support the idea that fidelity and adaptation co-exist and that adaptations can impact either positively or negatively on the intervention's effectiveness. For adaptive interventions, research should answer the question how an adequate fidelity-adaptation balance can be reached. One way to address this issue is by looking systematically at the aspects of an intervention that are being adapted. We conducted fidelity research on the implementation of an empowerment strategy for dengue prevention in Cuba. In view of the adaptive nature of the strategy, we anticipated that the classical fidelity dimensions would be of limited use for assessing adaptations. The typology we used in the assessment-implemented, not-implemented, modified, or added components of the strategy-also had limitations. It did not allow us to answer the question which of the modifications introduced in the strategy contributed to or distracted from outcomes. We confronted our empirical research with existing literature on fidelity, and as a result, considered that the framework for implementation fidelity proposed by Carroll et al. in 2007 could potentially meet our concerns. We propose modifications to the framework to assess both fidelity and adaptation. Summary: The modified Carroll et al.'s framework we propose may permit a comprehensive assessment of the implementation fidelity-adaptation balance required when implementing adaptive interventions, but more empirical research is needed to validate it

Length–weight and length–length relationships of the Hogfish, Lachnolaimus maximus, off the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Described are the length-weight (LWR) and length-length (LLR) relationships of the Hogfish, Lachnolaimus maximus, off the northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Fish specimens collected (N = 292) with speargun from April to September each year from 2011 through 2013, ranged in size from 16.6-36.5 cm FL and 94-842 g in weight. There were significant differences in hogfish fork length between years (F2,291 = 11.28, p \u3c 0.05), with larger individuals found in 2012. The LWRs calculated were highly significant (p \u3c 0.05, r2 = 0.95 - 0.97; pooled data r2 = 0.95) and significant differences between the slopes of the LWRs (F5,291 = 245.94, p \u3c 0.05) between the three years were detected. Exponent b in the LWRs (2.33 -2.70; pooled data 2.58) were different from the isometric value (b = 3), thus L. maximus in the Southern Gulf of Mexico has hypoallometric growth

Multiscale thermo-mechanical analysis of multi-layered coatings in solar thermal applications

Solar selective coatings can be multi-layered materials that optimize the solar absorption while reducing thermal radiation losses, granting the material long-term stability. These layers are deposited on structural materials (e.g., stainless steel, Inconel) in order to enhance the optical and thermal properties of the heat transfer system. However, interesting questions regarding their mechanical stability arise when operating at high temperatures. In this work, a full thermo-mechanical multiscale methodology is presented, covering the nano-, micro-, and macroscopic scales. In such methodology, fundamental material properties are determined by means of molecular dynamics simulations that are consequently implemented at the microstructural level by means of finite element analyses. On the other hand, the macroscale problem is solved while taking into account the effect of the microstructure via thermo-mechanical homogenization on a representative volume element (RVE). The methodology presented herein has been successfully implemented in a reference problem in concentrating solar power plants, namely the characterization of a carbon-based nanocomposite and the obtained results are in agreement with the expected theoretical values, demonstrating that it is now possible to apply successfully the concepts behind Integrated Computational Materials Engineering to design new coatings for complex realistic thermo-mechanical applications.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The Podcast as an Innovation for the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language

El podcast es un recurso disponible en la Internet, utilizado para crear grabaciones de audio y hacerlas públicas en la red. El propósito del estudio fue el de promover el uso del podcast para desarrollar las habilidades de expresión oral, así como la autonomía en los estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera. El estudio se enmarcó en el paradigma cualitativo en su modalidad de Investigación Acción. Los estudiantes desarrollaron actividades extracurriculares relacionadas con temas acordados en el aula de clase. Los resultados mostraron mejora de la producción oral del inglés a través del podcast y el desarrollo de estudiantes autónomos.The podcast is a resource, available on the internet, used to create audio recordings and broadcast them on the Web. The purpose of this study was to promote the use of podcast for developing speaking skills as well as autonomy in students of English as a Foreign Language. The study was framed on the qualitative methodology of Action Research. Students performed extracurricular tasks related to topics agreed in the classroom. Findings showed the participants' progress in their English oral skills and the development of autonomous learners through podcasting

Estudio empírico del sesgo por género en el gasto familiar en educación básica en el Perú

Teniendo en cuenta la situación problemática social actual acerca de la discriminación por género a nivel mundial, este estudio examina la posible existencia de prejuicios de género a favor de los niños varones en el gasto en educación que destinan las familias en el Perú, con datos obtenidos del estudio Niños del Milenio 2009. Para alcanzar el objetivo general, se plantearon tres objetivos específicos, los cuales son: medir la diferencia en el gasto total para educación básica destinado a niños y niñas en el Perú, estimar la diferencia en la probabilidad de matrículas en educación básica para la población de niños en función del género en el Perú y analizar la probabilidad de matrícula en educación básica por tipo de escuela (pública o privada) para la población de niños en función del género en el Perú. Para la estimación del sesgo a nivel de hogar, se utilizó el modelo de Curva de Engel y modelos por submuestras, y a nivel individual el modelo de máxima verosimilitud Probit. Se obtuvo como resultado que, con la base de datos y las variables utilizadas, no existe diferenciación por género en cuanto a las decisiones familiares de gasto en educación básica en el Perú, matrícula escolar y matrícula por tipo de escuela. Es decir, no existe evidencia de un sesgo por género a favor de los hijos varones, ya que en los últimos años (desde el 2006 al 2015) las estadísticas nacionales muestran un avance significativo a favor de las niñas en cuanto a su educación, lo cual se relaciona con los resultados presentados en este estudio

Double-electron ionization driven by inhomogeneous fields

Authors may self-archive the author’s accepted manuscript of their articles on their own websites. Authors may also deposit this version of the article in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later. He/ she may not use the publisher's version (the final article), which is posted on SpringerLink and other Springer websites, for the purpose of self-archiving or deposit. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be provided by inserting the DOI number of the article in the following sentence: “The final publication is available at Springer via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00340-017-6672-4"Electron–electron correlation effects play a crucial role in our understanding of sequential (SDI) and non-sequential double ionization (NSDI) mechanisms. Here, we present a theoretical study of NSDI driven by plasmonic-enhanced spatial inhomogeneous fields. By numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a linear reduced model of He and a double-electron time-evolution probability analysis, we provide evidence for enhancement effects in NSDI showing that the double ionization yield at lower laser peak intensities is increased due to the spatial inhomogeneous character of plasmonic-enhanced field. The change in the emission direction of the double-ion as a function of the field inhomogeneity degree demonstrates that plasmonic-enhanced fields could configure a reliable instrument to control the ion emission. Furthermore, our quantum mechanical model, as well as classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations, show that inhomogeneous fields are as well as a useful tool for splitting the binary and recoil processes in the rescattering scenario.This work was supported by the project ELI-Extreme Light Infrastructure-phase 2 (Project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/ 15_008/0000162) from European Regional Development Fund, Spanish MINECO (National Plan grants FIS2011-30465-C02-01, FOQUS No. FIS2013-46768-P, FISICATEAMO FIS2016-79508-P and Severo Ochoa Excellence Grant No. SEV-2015-0522), the Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR 874 and CERCA/Program) and Fundació Privada Cellex Barcelona. N.S. was supported by the Erasmus Mundus Doctorate Program Europhotonics (Grant No. 159224-1-2009-1-FR-ERA MUNDUS-EMJD). N.S., A.C., and M.L. acknowledge ERC AdG OSYRIS, EU FETPRO QUIC and National Science Centre, Poland—Symfonia Grant 2016/20/W/ST4/00314. A. S. L. acknowledges Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science (MPC-AS). J. A. P.-H. acknowledges to the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitivi- dad (FURIAM Project No. FIS2013-47741-R and PALMA project FIS2016- 81056-R) and Laserlab-Europe (EU-H2020 654148). L.O. acknowledges valuable input from Andre Staudte. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center and the Red Española de Supercomputación (RES)Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Pautas para la redacción de registros de autoridad de autor personal y entidad corporativa según RDA en la Biblioteca Complutense (Julio 2021)

Actualizado en julio 2022UCM. BibliotecaTRUEunpu

Implicación del CD5 en la leucemia linfoide crónica de célula B (LLC-B)

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina. Fecha de lectura: 10 de Enero de 200