Contribución al estudio de las orquídeas de Granada

Se realiza una clave analítica y una síntesis de la ecología, corología, bioclimatología y presencia de 44 taxones de la familia Orchidaceae, presentes en la provincia de Granada (España).It is realized a analytical key and a synthesis of the ecology, chorology; bioclimatology and presence of 44 taxa of the Orchidaceae family presents in the province of Granada (Spain)

Vegetación acuática y helofítica de la depresión de Padul (Granada)

In the present work a study of aquatic and helophytic vegetation in the Depresion de Padu I is presented. Six water-plant communities, one annual and five helophytic belonging to the fitosociological classes: Lemnetea, Ceratophylletea, Charetea , Potametea, Isoeto-Nanojuncetea and Phragmitetea are recognized.Se presenta un estudio de la vegetación acuática y helofítica de la Depresión de Padul. Se reconocen seis comunidades acuáticas, una terofítica y cinco helofíticas pertenecientes a las clases fitosociológicas: Lemnetea,Ceratophylletea,Charetea Potametea, Isoeto-Nanojuncetea y Phragmitetea

Multiparasitism and repeated parasitism by the great spotted cuckoo Clamator glandarius on its main host, the magpie Pica pica: effects on reproductive success, nest desertion and nest predation

This work was supported by the research project PID2020-1159506BI00 financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Permits - The research was conducted according to relevant Spanish national (Real Decreto 1201/2005, de 10 de Octubre) and regional guidelines. All necessary permits were obtained from the Consejeria de Medio Ambiente y Ordenacion del Territorio de la Junta de Andalucia (Spanish Regional Government). Field work was licensed by the Andalusian authority for wildlife protection (DGGMN; ref.: SGYB/FOA/AFR/CFS 15/03/2012).Brood parasites are expected to lay only one egg per parasitized nest, as the existence of several parasitic nestlings in a brood increases competition and can lead the starvation of some of them. However, multiparasitism (laying of two or more eggs by one or more parasitic females in a single host nest) is surprisingly frequent. Here, we study multiparasitism by different females or by the same female (repeated parasitism) in the great spotted cuckoo Clamator glandarius, a non-evictor brood parasite that mainly parasitizes the magpie Pica pica, and whose chicks may be raised together with host nestlings in the same nest. We used a total of 262 magpie nests found during four breeding seasons. Multiparasitism and repeated parasitism are very frequent because this brood parasite is less virulent than other cuckoo species and magpie hosts can successfully raise more than one parasitic nestling per nest. The total number of cuckoo chicks fledged was higher in multiparasitized nests than in single- or double-parasitized magpie nests. Magpie breeding success (i.e. the proportion of eggs that produce young that leave the nest) did not differ between single-, double-, and multiparasitized magpie nests. These results suggest that multiparasitism is an adaptation in the great spotted cuckoo. The intensity of parasitism (number of cuckoo eggs per nest), after controlling for the potential effect of year, did not affect nest desertion or nest predation rate, neither during the incubation nor the nestling periods. This implies that nest concealment does not affect the susceptibility of one nest being parasitized and predated, as nest predation rate was similar regardless of the intensity of parasitism. Predation rate during the nestling phase did not vary according to intensity of parasitism, which does not support either the 'mutualism' hypothesis or the 'predation cost of begging' hypothesis.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 PID2020-1159506BI00Spanish national 1201/200

El orden Lygeo Spartii-Stipelia Tenacissimae en el sector malacitano-Almijarense de Sierra Nevada (Granada, España)

Se realiza un estudio fitosociológico del orden Lygeo-Stipetalia en el sector Malacitano-Almijarense de Sierra Nevada. Se proponen por vez primera los siguientes sintaxones: Phlomidi-Brachypodietum ramosi thymetosum baetici subass. nov., Helictotricho sarracenori (velutini)-Brachypodietum boissieri ass. nov., Thymo gracile-Stipetum tenacissimae ass. nov. y helianthemetosum squamati subass. nov., Helictotricho filifolii-Festucetum scariosae brachypodietosum boissieri subass. nov., festucetosum elegantis subass. nov. y festucetosum indigestae subass. nov.A study of the order Lygeo-Stipetalia in the Malacitano-Almijarense sector of the Sierra Nevada is realized. Seven new syntaxa as proposed: Phlomidi Brachypodietum ramosi thymetosum baetici subass. nov., Helictotricho sarracenori (velutini)-Brachypodietum boissieri ass. nov., Thymo gracile-Stipetum tenacissimae ass. nov. and helianthemetosum squamati subass. nov., Helictotricho filifolii-Festucetum scariosae brachypodietosum boissieri subass. nov. ,fes tucetosum elegantis subass. nov. and festucetosum indigestae subass. nov

Contribución al conocimiento de la clase Anomodonto-Polypodietea en la provincia bética: Asplenietum hispanici ass. nov.

A bryo—pteridophytic association with sciophylous requirements, Asplenietum hispanici, is described for the south of the Iberian Peninsula.Se describe, para el sur de la Península Ibérica, una asociación brio— pteridofítica, de clara exigencia esciófila, denominada Asplenietum hispanici

Contribución al conocimiento de la clase Anomodonto-Polypodietea en la provincia bética: asplenietum hispanici ass. nov

Se describe, para el sur de la Península Ibérica, una asociación briopteridofítica, de clara exigencia esciófila, denominada Asplenietum hispaniciA bryopteridophytic association with sciophylous requirements, Asplenietum hispanici, is described for the south of the Iberian Peninsul

Esquema sintaxonómico de la vegetación de riberas de agua dulce en la provincia de Granada (España)

Esquema sintaxonómico de la vegetación riparia de la provincia de Granada, España. Se relacionan hasta el nivel de subasociación las comunidades vegetales reconocidas de dicha provincia.SyntaxonofiÚc scheme on the riparian vegetation of the Granada province, Spain. The plant communities well known in this province are related each other until the level of subassociation

Functional explanation of extreme hatching asynchrony: Male Manipulation Hypothesis

Hatching asynchrony in birds is considered an adaptation to facilitate brood reduction because under conditions of food scarcity, the smallest nestling usually dies soon after hatching, thereby minimizing parental effort. However, in species with extreme hatching asynchrony, the last hatchlings paradoxically experience a very low probability of survival and death can take so long that it can hardly be considered an adaptation. Here, we propose and experimentally tested a new adaptive hypothesis explaining the brood reduction paradox, namely the “Male Manipulation Hypothesis”. Our hypothesis suggests that by inducing asynchronous hatching, females increase the feeding requirements of the brood, which will induce males to increase provisioning effort. In addition, females may extend the period of male manipulation by feeding the smallest nestling just enough to sustain life. Our study showed that male common blackbirds (Turdus merula) increased their effort (i.e., number of food items per hour) in experimental asynchronous broods compared to synchronous broods, while females reduced their contribution, as predicted by the hypothesis