The Stationary Phase Method for a Wave Packet in a Semiconductor Layered System. The applicability of the method

Using the formal analysis made by Bohm in his book, {\em "Quantum theory"}, Dover Publications Inc. New York (1979), to calculate approximately the phase time for a transmitted and the reflected wave packets through a potential barrier, we calculate the phase time for a semiconductor system formed by different mesoscopic layers. The transmitted and the reflected wave packets are analyzed and the applicability of this procedure, based on the stationary phase of a wave packet, is considered in different conditions. For the applicability of the stationary phase method an expression is obtained in the case of the transmitted wave depending only on the derivatives of the phase, up to third order. This condition indicates whether the parameters of the system allow to define the wave packet by its leading term. The case of a multiple barrier systems is shown as an illustration of the results. This formalism includes the use of the Transfer Matrix to describe the central stratum, whether it is formed by one layer (the single barrier case), or two barriers and an inner well (the DBRT system), but one can assume that this stratum can be comprise of any number or any kind of semiconductor layers.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures although figure 4 has 5 graph

Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Island Bathynellacea (Crustacea, Syncarida) database

This is the first published database of Bathynellacea. It includes all data of bathynellids (Crustacea, Bathynellacea) collected in the last 64 years (1949 to 2013) on the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Island. Te samples come from groundwater (caves, springs, wells and hyporrheic habitat associated rivers) from both sampling campaigns and occasional sampling conducted throughout the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Te dataset lists occurrence data of bathynellids distribution, sampling sites (with localities, county and geographic coordinates), taxonomic information (from family to species level) and sampling sources (collector and sampling dates) for all records. Te descriptions of new species and species identifications have been carried out by an expert taxonomist (AIC) with 25 years experience in the bathynellids studies (see references). Many of the sampling sites are type localities of endemic species from Iberian Peninsula. Te dataset includes 409 samples record corresponding to two families, 12 genera and 58 species, 42 of them formally described plus 16 taxa unpublished and 47 samples in study. All species known from the study area are included, which nearly sum up a quarter of species of Bathynellacea known in the world (250 species).This work was supported by project CGL2010-15786 MICINN

Detection of an ionized gas outflow in the extreme UV-luminous star-forming galaxy BOSS-EUVLG1 at z=2.47

BOSS-EUVLG1 is the most ultraviolet (UV) and Ly$\alpha$ luminous galaxy detected so far in the Universe, going through a very active starburst phase, and forming stars at a rate (SFR) of 955 $\pm$ 118 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. We report the detection of a broad H$\alpha$ component carrying 25% of the total H$\alpha$ flux. The broad H$\alpha$ line traces a fast and massive ionized gas outflow characterized by a total mass, $\log(M_{out}[M_{\odot}]),$ of 7.94 $\pm$ 0.15, an outflowing velocity (V$_{out}$) of 573 $\pm$ 151 km s$^{-1}$, and an outflowing mass rate ($\dot{M}_{out}$) of 44 $\pm$ 20 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. The presence of the outflow in BOSS-EUVLG1 is also supported by the identification of blueshifted UV absorption lines in low and high ionization states. The energy involved in the H$\alpha$ outflow can be explained by the ongoing star formation without the need for an Active Galactic Nucleus. The derived low mass loading factor ($\eta$= 0.05 $\pm$ 0.03) indicates that although massive, this phase of the outflow can not be relevant for the quenching of the star formation. In addition, only a small fraction ($\leq$ 15%) of the ionized outflowing material with velocities above 372 km s$^{-1}$ could escape the gravitational potential, and enrich the surrounding circum-galactic medium at distances above tens of kpc. The ionized phase of the outflow does not carry the mass and energy to play a relevant role neither in the evolution of the host galaxy nor in the enrichment of the intergalactic medium. Other phases of the outflow could be carrying most of the outflow energy and mass in the form of hot X-ray emitting gas as predicted by some recent simulations. The expected emission of the extended X-ray emitting halo associated with the outflow in BOSS-EUVLG1 and similar galaxies could be detected with the future X-ray observatory, {\it ATHENA} but could not be resolved spatially.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted in A&

Genetic differentiation between two geographic subpopulations of Bermeya goat

Ponencia publicada en ITEA, vol.104Este trabajo es un análisis preliminar de la diversidad y grado de diferenciación genética entre las subpoblaciones Oriental y Occidental de la cabra de raza Bermeya de Asturias. Se han genotipado 27 microsatélites en 122 individuos pertenecientes a las poblaciones de cabra Bermeya Oriental, Bermeya Occidental, del Guadarrama, Alpine y Saanen. Las poblaciones de raza Bermeya presentaron heterocigosis esperadas menores de 0,6 y coascendencias moleculares dentro de población de 0,419, reflejando una alta identidad genética entre individuos. Asimismo, el número medio de alelos por locus, ajustado por el tamaño muestral, de las poblaciones Bermeya Oriental y Occidental fueron los menores encontrados (3,8 y 3,9, respectivamente). La mayor coascendencia molecular se encontró entre las poblaciones Bermeya Oriental-Guadarrama (0,388 ± 0,006), como consecuencia de la introgresión, en el Oriente asturiano de individuos de tipo Pirenáico. Este parámetro entre las poblaciones de Bermeya Oriental y Occidental fue de 0,371 ± 0,007. Puede ser necesario establecer estrategias de conservación diferenciadas para las dos poblaciones geográficas de cabra Bermeya.Two geographic subpopulations (Eastern and Western) of the Asturian Bermeya goat were analysed using 27 microsatellites. A total of 122 individuals of Bermeya, Guadarrama, Alpine and Saanen goat breeds were genotyped. The Eastern and Western Bermeya subpopulations had expected heterozygosity values lower than 0.6 and within-subpopulations molecular coancestry values of 0.419, thus illustrating a high between individuals genetic identity. The rarefacted average number of alleles per locus found in both the Eastern and the Western Bermeya subpopulations were the lowest in the dataset (3.8 and 3.9, respectively). The higher between-populations molecular coancestry values was found for the pair Eastern Bermeya-Guadarrama (0.388 ± 0.006), thus reflecting the introgression of the Pyrenean-type goat into Eastern Asturias. This parameter between the two Bermeya subpopulations was of 0.371 ± 0.007. It could be recommended the implementation of different conservation strategies for each of the geographic subpopulations of Bermeya goat

Extrusión del componente plástico de la copa acetabular sin luxación protésica: a propósito de un caso

Se present a un caso de extrusión del component e plástic o (polietileno) ocurrido en el transcurso del primer me s del postoperatorio en un pacient e que había sufrido un recambio del component e acetabular. Se destaca el hecho de que cursase de forma asintomática y de que no se acompañase de luxación de la prótesis.A case of disassembly of the polyethylene component of the acetabular cup acurred in a patient one mouth after revision surgery for loosening of a screwed acetabular cup is reported. Special emphasis is made in the asyntomati c clinic and on the no association with dislocation of the femoral component

The extent to which genetics and lean grade affect fatty acid profiles and volatile compounds in organic pork

Niche production is intended to produce premium pork, but several husbandry factors may affect the meat fatty acid composition and aroma. Fatty acid profile (by GC-FID) of raw meat and volatile compounds (by SPME-GC-MS) of cooked meat were analysed in loin samples from two pig genetic types-75% Duroc (Du) and 50% Pietrain (Pi) rossbreds that were slaughtered at different weights (90 kg and 105 kg, respectively) to achieve similar target carcass fatness, and the outcome carcasses were balanced for lean grade groups (<60% or ≥60% lean) within genotypes. Genetic type did not affect fatty acids (FA) profile of meat. The leaner meat had lower C12:0 and C20:3n − 3, lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher MUFA/SFA ratio content than the fattier meat. Short-chain alcohols were lower in Pietrain and in leaner pork compared to the samples from Duroc crossbreds and fattier pork. A greater amount of hexane,2,4,4-trimethyl (an aliphatic hydrocarbon) but lower carbon disulphide (sulphur compound) content was detected in pork from leaner compared to fattier pork. Higher aromatics hydrocarbons were exclusively associated with Duroc crossbreds, and lower aliphatic hydrocarbons with pigs classified as fattier. Most of the volatile compounds detected in the present study came from lipid oxidation.José Manuel Lorenzo is a member of the MARCARNE network, funded by CYTED (ref.116RT0503). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decisionto publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Impact of the resistance responses to stress conditions encountered in food and food processing environments on the virulence and growth fitness of non-typhoidal salmonellae

The success of Salmonella as a foodborne pathogen can probably be attributed to two major features: its remarkable genetic diversity and its extraordinary ability to adapt. Salmonella cells can survive in harsh environments, successfully compete for nutrients, and cause disease once inside the host. Furthermore, they are capable of rapidly reprogramming their metabolism, evolving in a short time from a stress-resistance mode to a growth or virulent mode, or even to express stress resistance and virulence factors at the same time if needed, thanks to a complex and fine-tuned regulatory network. It is nevertheless generally acknowledged that the development of stress resistance usually has a fitness cost for bacterial cells and that induction of stress resistance responses to certain agents can trigger changes in Salmonella virulence. In this review, we summarize and discuss current knowledge concerning the effects that the development of resistance responses to stress conditions encountered in food and food processing environments (including acid, osmotic and oxidative stress, starvation, modified atmospheres, detergents and disinfectants, chilling, heat, and non-thermal technologies) exerts on different aspects of the physiology of non-typhoidal Salmonellae, with special emphasis on virulence and growth fitness. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

OntoTag: XML/RDF(S)/OWL Semantic Web Page Annotation in ContentWeb

As the Semantic Web and the Language Resources research fields become closer, the need for standard representation formats and languages gets clearer, specially taking into account the increasing need for cooperation and interoperability between both fields that is being set forth. The purpose of this paper is to present how this process of standardisation and integration is being achieved in ContentWeb by means of OntoTag, a multi-level (also multi-purpose and possibly multi-language) hybrid (ontologic and linguistic) platform for Semantic Web annotation, designed according to EAGLES standards and implemented with last generation Semantic Web languages (XML/ RDF(S)/OWL)

Influence of the initial cell number on the growth fitness of salmonella enteritidis in raw and pasteurized liquid whole egg, egg white, and egg yolk

Salmonella growth in egg and egg products has been widely studied, but there are still some aspects that are not fully known. The objective of this work was to study the influence of the initial cell number on the growth fitness of Salmonella Enteritidis in raw and pasteurized egg products. Growth curves of five Salmonella Enteritidis strains in raw and pasteurized egg products, starting from different initial numbers, were obtained and fitted to the Baranyi and Roberts model. The results revealed that lower initial numbers led to longer lag phases (¿) and lower maximum specific growth rates (µmax) in raw liquid whole egg. Similar results were observed in raw egg white (except for one strain). Conversely, no influence (p &gt; 0.05) of the initial concentration on Salmonella growth parameters in raw egg yolk was observed. On the other hand, no influence of the initial number of cells on Salmonella growth fitness in commercial pasteurized liquid whole egg was observed. The results obtained demonstrate that the disappearance of this initial-dose dependency phenomenon was dependent on the intensity of the thermal treatment applied. Finally, the influence of the initial number was, in general, lower in pasteurized than in raw egg white, but large differences among strains were observed. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland