Acerca de la escena artística de la Calle 10. Un clúster creativo pionero en la Ciudad de Nueva York

Since the beginning of the fifties, 10th Street concentrated an artistic activity unprecedented in the history of the paradigmatic City of New York. A significant number of artists and their diverse ways of production were hosted in the buildings of this urban artery. While the Greenwich Village bohemia or the Coenties Slip’s artists pioneered a sporadic and spontaneous relationship with the city, this synergistic model of multiple and connected art spaces along this axis could be identified as a first creative cluster, inspiring later important phenomena such as the colonization of the South of Houston Street at the hands of the artistic counterculture. The 10th Street artists’ activity would range from singular spaces and projects, such as the Tenth Street Studio Building, to the first structures of artistic cooperatives, Tenth Street Co-ops. While showing the groundbreaking relationship between this city and its art, this article particularly investigates the architectural and cultural scene of 10th Street, which would ultimately influence the 1960s’ popular urban model of the artistic district. Moreover, the revelation of its history is intended to build the antecedents of certain contemporary intervention practices and theories that rely on culture as a way of city improvement.Desde el comienzo de la década de los 50, la Calle 10 concentró desde el inicio una actividad artística sin precedentes en la historia de la paradigmática ciudad de Nueva York. Un número significativo de artistas y sus diversas formas de producción encontraron acomodo en los edificios de esta arteria urbana. Mientras que la bohemia de Greenwich Village o los artistas de Coenties Slip fueron pioneros en una relación esporádica y espontánea con la ciudad, este modelo sinérgico de espacios de arte múltiples y conectados a lo largo de este eje podría identificarse como un primer cluster creativo, inspirando fenómenos posteriores de reconocido alcance como la colonización del South of Houston Street a manos de la contracultura artística. La actividad de los artistas de la Calle 10 abarcaría desde espacios y proyectos singulares, como el edificio Tenth Street Studio, hasta las primeras estructuras de cooperativas artísticas, Tenth Street Co-ops. Al mismo tiempo que se muestra la innovadora relación entre esta ciudad y su arte, este artículo investiga particularmente la escena arquitectónica y cultural de la calle 10, que en última instancia influiría en el popular modelo urbano del distrito artístico de los años sesenta. Además, la revelación de su historia pretende construir los antecedentes de ciertas prácticas y teorías de intervención contemporánea que se basan en la cultura como una forma de mejora de la ciudad

A Newly Discovered Manuscript of the Historia de los Reyes Moros de Granada by Hernando de Baeza

The Historia de los Reyes Moros de Granada, written by the chronicler Hernando de Baeza in the first half of the XVI century, in Spain, is a valuable text that provides a very different perspective from other late medieval Spanish official chronicles. In this article we give an account of the discovery of a previously unknown manuscript of this chronicle which, unlike the two others already known, is complete and includes the ending and the negotiations between the Catholic Kings of Spain and the last Nasrid sultan Boabdil for the Islamic surrender of Granada. We describe this previously unknown manuscript, give an account of the importance of the codex in which it is found, and show the importance of this discovery for Spanish historiography

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Models with Endogeneity

We propose and study a maximum likelihood estimator of stochastic frontier models with endogeneity in cross-section data when the composite error term may be correlated with inputs and environmental variables. Our framework is a generalization of the normal half-normal stochastic frontier model with endogeneity. We derive the likelihood function in closed form using three fundamental assumptions: the existence of control functions that fully capture the dependence between regressors and unobservables; the conditional independence of the two error components given the control functions; and the conditional distribution of the stochastic inefficiency term given the control functions being a folded normal distribution. We also provide a Battese-Coelli estimator of technical efficiency. Our estimator is computationally fast and easy to implement. We study some of its asymptotic properties, and we showcase its finite sample behavior in Monte-Carlo simulations and an empirical application to farmers in Nepal

In vitro biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum on Alternaria alternata in the presence of growth regulators

http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582001000200006&lng=es&nrm=isoThe in vitro biocontrol ability of Trichoderma harzianum on the phytopathogen Alternaria alternata improved in the presence of the growth regulators gibberellic acid (GA3), or indolacetic acid (IAA) or benzylaminopurine (BAP) or foliar nutrient at concentrations similar or higher than those used at the field level. These plant hormones decreased the secretion of endopolygalacturonase (endo-PG) of A. alternata by approximately 20%, did not modify endochitinase (endo-CH) secretion of T. harzianum and did not alter germination of conidia or mycelia growth of any of these fungi. The presence of T. harzianum decreased endo-PGase secretion of A. alternata by about 50%. This inhibitory effect was independent of the presence of growth regulators. The level of secreted endo-PG of T. harzianum was not modified by the presence of A. alternata, but the presence of this phytopathogen in cultures of T. harzianum, increased both the growth of the biocontroller and its secretion of endo-CH

Homicide Profiles Based on Crime Scene and Victim Characteristics

One of the current trends in homicide research includes developing works based on scientific study and empirical evidence, which offer conclusions that can be used in an operational manner during police investigations. The objective of this study was to identify homicide characteristics from behaviors carried out on the crime scene and victim characteristics associated with those of the perpetrators of these crimes in Spain. The sample consisted of 448 homicide cases from the database of the Homicide Revision Project led by the Office of Coordination and Studies of the Secretary of State and Security. After creating six classification tree models, it was found that the modus operandi of the aggressor and the victim characteristics may permit hypothesizing about the demographic characteristics of the perpetrator (gender, age, and country of origin), his/her criminal record, and the type of relationship with the victim. Furthermore, the importance of the study of victimology during a criminal investigation is highlighted, as it may indirectly offer information about the potential perpetrator. The findings of this study suggest that criminal profiling contributes notably to the decision-making process to establish more rigorous suspect prioritization, improve the management of human resources and materials, and increase the efficiency of criminal investigations

Do recruiters prefer applicants with similar skills? Evidence from a randomized natural experiment

In this paper we examine the potential existence of a similar-to-me effect in terms of skills between recruiters and applicants. Using evidence from entry exams to the Spanish Judiciary, where applicants are randomly assigned across evaluation committees, we find that committee members tend to be more demanding at those stages where they are more knowledgeable. As a result, applicants who excel in the same dimensions as recruiters are more likely to be hire

Why do I like people like me?

In many dimensions the ability to assess knowledge depends critically on the observer's own knowledge of that dimension. Building on this feature, this paper offers both theoretical and empirical evidence showing that, in those tasks where multidisciplinary knowledge is required, evaluations exhibit a similar-to-me effect: candidates who excel in the same dimensions as the evaluator tend to be ranked relatively higher. It is also shown that, if races or genders differ in their distribution of ability, group discrimination will arise unless evaluators (i) are well informed about the extent of intergroup differences and (ii) they may condition their assessments on candidates' group belonging

Validity evidence of the organizational justice scale in Spain

Resumen tomado de la publicaciónEvidencias de validez de la Escala de Justicia Organizacional en España. Antecedentes: el interés por la medición de la percepción de justicia organizacional ha aumentado en los últimos años debido a su demostrada relación con resultados organizacionales significativos, como el bienestar y el agotamiento emocional. En España, se puede destacar la Escala de Justicia Organizacional (OJS) como un instrumento que ha mostrado buenas propiedades psicométricas en estudios previos en el sector hotelero. Este estudio complementa la evidencia de las características de la OJS utilizando una amplia muestra multisectorial. Método: los participantes fueron 849 empleados de diferentes sectores ocupacionales. La estructura de la OJS se estudió mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio dividiendo la muestra en dos submuestras aleatorias. Además, se analizó la fiabilidad y validez de cada dimensión. Resultados: los resultados indicaron que la escala está constituida por tres factores (distributiva, procedimental y en la interacción), con una fiabilidad y validez adecuadas. Por otra parte, como era de esperar, se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre la percepción de justicia organizacional y el bienestar, y negativas con el agotamiento emocional. Conclusiones: la OJS es una herramienta adecuada para su uso por parte de académicos y profesionales en el estudio de la percepción de justicia organizacional en España, garantizando una validez y fiabilidad adecuadas.Universidad de Oviedo. Biblioteca de Psicología; Plaza Feijoo, s/n.; 33003 Oviedo; Tel. +34985104146; Fax +34985104126; [email protected]