32 research outputs found

    Multiferroic BiFeO3-BiMnO3 Nanocheckerboard From First Principles

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    We present a first principles study of an unusual heterostructure, an atomic-scale checkerboard of BiFeO3-BiMnO3, and compare its properties to the two bulk constituent materials, BiFeO3 and BiMnO3. The "nanocheckerboard" is found to have a multiferroic ground state with the desired properties of each constituent: polar and ferrimagnetic due to BiFeO3 and BiMnO3, respectively. The effect of B-site cation ordering on magnetic ordering in the BiFeO3-BiMnO3 system is studied. The checkerboard geometry is seen to give rise to a a novel magnetostructural effect that is neither present in the bulk constituent materials, nor in the layered BiFeO3-BiMnO3 superlattice.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figure

    Media image of migrant women on the Czech news websites Aktuálně.cz and iRozhlas.cz

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    This bachelor thesis focuses on the media image of migrant women on the Czech news websites Aktuálně.cz and iRozhlas.cz. The current situation in Ukraine proves the relevance of the topic of the thesis, which aims to find out what image of migrant women is created by these media, which present themselves as free and independent. At the same time, these news websites are public policy actors that influence the development of migration policy in the Czech Republic. As the thesis deals with the specific characteristics, contexts and connotations in which migrant women are mentioned in relation to migrant women, the method used is a qualitative content analysis of online media articles in the time period from the beginning of 2019 to the end of 2021. The content is coded and assigned to the relevant categories, which subsequently creates a closer picture of migrant women. For example, the work finds that media coverage of refugee women in foreign settings is most frequent. Furthermore, migrant women are portrayed predominantly as victims and heroines of refugee processes. Texts are devoted to personal stories and connotations of sympathy and admiration. These results are further complemented by a quantitative approach that assesses how much space is given to migrant women within the topic of migration....Tato bakalářská práce je zaměřena na mediální obraz migrantek na českých zpravodajských webech Aktuálně.cz a iRozhlas.cz. Současná situace na Ukrajině přispívá k aktuálnosti tématu práce, jejímž cílem je zjistit, jaký obraz migrantek u nás vytvářejí tato média, která se prezentují jako svobodná a nezávislá. Zároveň jsou tyto zpravodajské weby veřejněpolitickými aktéry, kteří mohou mít vliv na tvorbu migrační politiky v České republice. Protože se práce v souvislosti s migrantkami zabývá konkrétními charakteristikami, kontexty a konotacemi, ve kterých jsou migrantky zmiňovány, použitou metodou je kvalitativní obsahová analýza internetových mediálních článků v časovém období od začátku roku 2019 do konce roku 2021. Obsahy jsou kódovány a přidělovány do příslušných kategorií, které následně vytváří bližší obraz migrantek. Zásadním zjištěním práce je, že se média nejčastěji věnují uprchlicím v zahraničním prostředí. Dále jsou migrantky vykreslovány převážně jako oběti a hrdinky uprchlických procesů. Texty se věnují osobním příběhům a soucitným i obdivným konotacím. Tyto výsledky jsou dále doplněny o kvantitativní přístup, který hodnotí, kolik prostoru je věnováno migrantkám v rámci tématu migrace. Zjištěním je, že migrantky jsou v článcích oproti migrantům a obecně migraci silně podreprezentované, což...Department of Public and Social PolicyKatedra veřejné a sociální politikyFakulta sociálních vědFaculty of Social Science

    Evaluation of nutritional status and cardiac risk in patients with anorexia nervosa.

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    Mentální anorexie (MA) je závažné psychiatrické onemocnění spojené s významnou mortalitou. Jednou z hlavních příčin úmrtí pacientek s mentální anorexií jsou kardiální komplikace. V letech 2003 - 2010 jsme vyšetřili 30 pacientek se stanovenou diagnózou mentální anorexie. U pacientek s MA jsou běžně užívané nutriční parametry i při těžké malnutrici v normě a nelze je použít pro diagnostiku a sledování nutričního stavu. V naší práci jsme se proto zaměřili na zhodnocení plasmatických hladin aminokyselin. Dle našich zjištění je u pacientek s MA přítomna mírná hyperaminoacidémie a nalezli jsme signifikantně vyšší poměr Gly/Val a Phe/Tyr. V druhé části naší práce přinášíme komplexní přehled výsledků neinvazivních kardiálních vyšetření u rizikových pacientek s MA. Nálezy echokardiografie a EKG potvrzují výsledky předchozích prací. Původním zjištěním je nález významně nižší postischemické dilatace brachiální tepny a její normalizace po realimentaci. Dále jsme nalezli při zhodnocení 24 hodinového záznamu krevního tlaku významně nižší hodnoty krevního tlaku v aktivním období dne podmíněnézměnami parametrů variability srdeční frekvence. Snížené hodnoty krevního tlaku u pacientek s mentální anorexií v poloze ve stoje byly spojené se zvýšením HF power vleže a zejména s chyběním zvýšení LF power po vertikalizaci. Tyto...Anorexia nervosa (MA) is serious psychiatric disease associated with significant mortality. One of the main causes of mortality in these patients is cardiac complications. In 2003 - 2010 we examined 30 patients with established diagnosis of MA. Routinely used nutritional parameters are normal even in severe malnutrition in MA patients and we can ́t use them to diagnose or monitor nutritional status. Therefore we evaluated plasma aminoacids levels to detect minor changes of protein metabolism. According to our results we found mild hyperaminoacidemia and significant elevation of Gly/Val and Phe/Tyr ratio. In the second part of our research we performed non invasive examination s in risky patients with AN to consider possible cardiac complications. Results of ECG and echocardiography confirm results of the previous published studies. Original finding is significant decrease in flow mediated dilatation of brachial artery and its normalization after realimentation. We found also in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring significant decrease in blood pressure during the active period which was the consequence of changes in the heart rate variability. Decrease of the blood pressure in patients with AN in standing position was associated with increase of HF power in supine position and particularly with the lack of...Department of Internal MedicineInterní klinika2. lékařská fakultaSecond Faculty of Medicin

    The Casimir Effect from a Condensed Matter Perspective

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    The Casimir effect, a key observable realization of vacuum fluctuations, is usually taught in graduate courses on quantum field theory. The growing importance of Casimir forces in microelectromechanical systems motivates this subject as a topic for graduate many-body physics courses. To this end, we revisit the Casimir effect using methods common in condensed matter physics. We recover previously derived results and explore the implications of the analogies implicit in this treatment.Comment: Accepted for Publication in American Journal of Physic

    Quantum Criticality and Novel Phases: A panel discussion

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    Physicists gathered in august at Dresden for a conference about "Quantum Criticality and Novel Phases". As one part of the meeting, nine panelists hosted an open and free-wheeling discussion on the topic of the meeting. This article outlines the discussions that took place during at this panel-meeting on the afternoon of August 3rd, 2009.Comment: Report on the panel discussion at the 2009 Dresden Meeting on Quantum Criticality and Novel Phase

    A randomized, double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of trazodone once-a-day and venlafaxine extended-release for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder

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    This double-blind, randomized study evaluated the efficacy and safety of trazodone OAD (once-a-day) in comparison with venlafaxine XR (extended-release) in 324 patients (166 trazodone and 158 venlafaxine) with major depressive disorder (MDD). The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change from baseline in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) at week 8. Both treatments were effective in reducing the HAM-D-17 total score at week 8 vs. baseline (intent-to-treat: trazodone -12.9, venlafaxine -14.7; per protocol: trazodone -15.4, venlafaxine -16.4). Patients in the venlafaxine group achieved better results after 8 weeks, whereas the trazodone group achieved a statistically significant reduction in HAM-D-17 following only 7 days of treatment. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were dizziness and somnolence in the trazodone group, and nausea and headache in the venlafaxine group. Most AEs were mild-to-moderate in severity. This study confirmed that both venlafaxine XR and trazodone OAD may represent a valid treatment option for patients with MDD

    Quantum critical scaling and the Gross-Neveu model in 2+1 dimensions

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    The quantum critical behavior of the 2+1 dimensional Gross--Neveu model in the vicinity of its zero temperature critical point is considered. The model is known to be renormalisable in the large NN limit, which offers the possibility to obtain expressions for various thermodynamic functions in closed form. We have used the concept of finite--size scaling to extract information about the leading temperature behavior of the free energy and the mass term, defined by the fermionic condensate and determined the crossover lines in the coupling (\g) -- temperature (TT) plane. These are given by T\sim|\g-\g_c|, where \g_c denotes the critical coupling at zero temperature. According to our analysis no spontaneous symmetry breaking survives at finite temperature. We have found that the leading temperature behavior of the fermionic condensate is proportional to the temperature with the critical amplitude 53π\frac{\sqrt{5}}3\pi. The scaling function of the singular part of the free energy is found to exhibit a maximum at ln22π\frac{\ln2}{2\pi} corresponding to one of the crossover lines. The critical amplitude of the singular part of the free energy is given by the universal number 13[12πζ(3)Cl2(π3)]=0.274543...\frac13[\frac1{2\pi}\zeta(3)-\mathrm{Cl}_2(\frac{\pi}3)]=-0.274543..., where ζ(z)\zeta(z) and Cl2(z)\mathrm{Cl}_2(z) are the Riemann zeta and Clausen's functions, respectively. Interpreted in terms the thermodynamic Casimir effect, this result implies an attractive Casimir "force". This study is expected to be useful in shedding light on a broader class of four fermionic models.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

    Adaptation of new nurses scrub-work in the operating room

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    Teoretická část práce přibližuje pracoviště operačních sálů, historii i současnost instrumentování, vzdělávání a pracovní náplň perioperačních sester, s tím související pracovní zátěž a nároky na ně kladené. Dále teoreticky popisuje pracovní adaptaci, fáze adaptačního procesu a jeho výhody. Praktická část se skládá z kvalitativního výzkumu provedeného metodou rozhovoru se čtyřmi respondentkami a následným rozborem jejich odpovědí.Katedra ošetřovatelství a porodní asistenceObhájenoThe theoretical part of this thesis describes workplace of operating theaters history and present of instrumentation, education and job content of perioperative nurses, related workload and demands placed on them. Further theoretical part of this thesis describes the adaptation phase of the adaptation process and its benefits. The practical part consist of qualitative research method interview with four respondents, and then analyzed of their answer

    Výroba jogurtů tradiční technologií

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    The bachelor thesis deals with the production of yoghurts by a traditional technology. It describes the technological processes of the production, from the acquisition of basic raw materials, health-conscious milk to the realization of the final product, the yoghurt. The thesis deals with the composition and properties of the milk used in the production of yoghurt and the gathered microorganisms necessary for the production of the yoghurt, especially the yoghurt bacteria Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, which results in the formation of yoghurt. The history of yoghurt and its legislative definition, the yoghurt types, possible yoghurt deficiencies and myths that disseminate from an ignorance of yoghurt, are also mentioned. Also this bachelor thesis deals with the production of the Greek yoghurt
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