A deep tech architecture for intelligent IoT systems

[EN]The increase in the number of connected devices on the Internet of Things (IoT), interactions and the amount of data raises a number of issues. Two major problems are limitations in terms of network latency and bandwidth. While cloud-based infrastructures give us access to scalable, on-demand storage and processing services that can scale to the requirements of the Internet of Things (IoT), these centralized resources can create unacceptable delays and performance problems for devices that have latency-sensitive applications, such as health monitoring and emergency response applications. This article has been created for the PhD thesis that aims to create a deep tech architecture for intelligent IoT systems

The Factors Affecting Wind Erosion in Southern Utah

Wind erosion is a global issue and affecting millions of people in drylands by causing environmental issues (acceleration of snow melting), public health concerns (respiratory diseases), and socioeconomic problems (costs of damages and cleaning public properties after dust storms). Disturbances in drylands can be irreversible, thus leading to natural disasters such as the 1930s Dust Bowl. With increasing attention on aeolian studies, many studies have been conducted using ground-based measurements or wind tunnel studies. Ground-based measurements are important for validating model predictions and testing the effect and interactions of different factors known to affect wind erosion. Here, a machine-learning model (random forest) was used to describe sediment flux as a function of wind speed, soil moisture, precipitation, soil roughness, soil crusts, and soil texture. Model performance was compared to previous results before analyzing four new years of sediment flux data and including estimates of soil moisture to the model. The random forest model provided a better result than a regression tree with a higher variance explained (7.5% improvement). With additional soil moisture data, the model performance increased by 13.13%. With full dataset, the model provided an increase of 30.50% in total performance compared to the previous study. This research was one of the rare studies which represented a large-scale network of BSNEs and a long time series of data to quantify seasonal sediment flux under different soil covers in southern Utah. The results will also be helpful to the managers for controlling the effects on wind erosion, scientists to choose variables for further modeling or local people to increase the public awareness about the effects of wind erosion

Electrothermally actuated terahertz metamaterial

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston UniversityMicroelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) have been adapted from Integrated Circuit (IC) technology. MEMS enable fabrication of devices size from a few microns to hundreds of microns. This scale is also a proper scale for Terahertz (THz) metamaterials (MM), which are designed for building homogeneous mediums. Our study aims to demonstrate an operating device which is designed by using mechanical and electromagnetic principles, fabricated by MEMS technology. MEMS actuator and electromagnetic resonator are the two main parts of our device which is called Electrothermally Actuated Metamaterial (ETAMM). Mechanical actuator is realized by using conventional photolithography techniques and THz Time Domain Spectroscopy (TDS) is used for excitation and detection of the resonator. This project is a contribution to the active THz MM devices of which main purpose is to control the optical property by au external stimuli. We aimed to fabricate a tunable THz Metamaterial device. The device is comprised of two mirrored Split Ring Resonator (mSRR) with a certain resonant frequency. Resonance frequency is tuned by electrothermal actuation. As a novel approach, mSRR itself is used as au actuator. Devices nre connected to ectch other through electrodes. They make the current flow through an array and this flow leads to joule heating by causing a thermal expansion of the device. This elastic deformation of the device results as in an out of plane buckling and changes the distance between mSRR and bare silicon substrate. In the electromagnetic part of the mechanism: the change in distance caused by thermal expansion, alters the effective dielectric constant within the gap between the structure and the substrate. Dielectric constant in the gap is the main parameter for resonance frequency, for this reason we chose it as a tuning parameter of the device. In the final analysis, ETAMM utilizes the change in the dielectric constant to alter the resonance frequency. Our device delivered 6 GHz resonance frequency shift as a response to an applied voltage of 5.7V on the device

Current Policies and Practices around Public High School Advanced Mathematics Course Taking

The present article is a national overview of current policies and practices around advanced mathematics course taking in public high schools. It begins with an explanation of the mathematics courses in public high schools. Importance of course taking in mathematics in general and advanced mathematics course taking in particular is highlighted. Then, academic excellence and educational equity concerns surrounding advanced mathematics course taking are discussed. A major part of the article is a detailed account of current policies and practices as they are related to excellence and/or equity in advanced mathematics course taking. Under this section, three topics are discussed: graduation requirements in mathematics, course offerings in advanced mathematics, and factors that make up the decision making mechanism for advanced mathematics course placements. Under the section on graduation requirements, three dimensions are examined: Carnegie units required, specific courses required, and high school exit exams. Based on a detailed and careful examination of these policies and practices, the article concludes with recommendations on how to enhance equity and excellence in advanced mathematics course taking

Setting Realistically High Academic Standards and Expectations

The present article is an overview of current academic expectations in the U.S. education system. It starts with a brief introduction highlighting the importance of expectations in education. Then, the current, undesirable situation of the U.S. education system is illustrated through international comparisons of student achievement and academic expectations followed by a discussion of how well schools in the U.S. prepare students for the future in the face of a highly competitive global workforce. The paper proceeds with its central argument, presenting evidence from all levels of the education ladder, that low expectations play a crucial role in the overall low student achievement. Given the pervasiveness of low expectations, the article concludes with original recommendations that will help create a pool of high but realistic academic standards and expectations for all levels and populations in the education system

Monitoring cantilever beam with a vision-based algorithm and smartphone

The study presented in this manuscript deals with a non-contact structural health monitoring approach based on the use of smartphone and computer vision algorithm to estimate the vibrating characteristics of a cantilever slender beam. We hypothesize that the vibration of the beam can be captured using a smartphone in slow-motion modality and the natural frequency of the beam can be extracted using a computer vision algorithm. The results show an excellent agreement between the conventional contact method and the non-contact novel approach proposed here

Blurring of boundaries in the doctor-patient relationship

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Machining strategy development in 5-axis milling operations using process models

Increased productivity and part quality can be achieved by selecting machining strategies and conditions properly. At one extreme very high speed and feed rate with small depth of cut can be used for high productivity whereas deep cuts accompanied with slow speeds and feeds may also provide increased material removal rates in some cases. In this study, it is shown that process models are useful tools to simulate and compare alternative strategies for machining of a part. 5-axis milling of turbine engine compressors made out of titanium alloys is used as the case study where strategies such as flank milling (deep cuts), point milling (light cuts) and stripe milling (medium depths) are compared in terms of process time by considering chatter stability, surface finish and tool deflections