Hegel\u27s Circular Epistemology in the Phenomenology of Spirit and the Science of Logic

This thesis concerns the circular epistemology of Hegel\u27s Phenomenology of Spirit and Science of Logic. I argue that these works can be read as epistemologies based on the dialectical structure of their progression. Furthermore, I claim that this dialectical structure is circular. I hold that the epistemology of these works is circular not only because it is anti-foundational, self-justifying, and presuppositionless, but also in these works one instance of knowledge depends on the next for its justification and so on, until the last instance of knowledge returns to the first. Hegel sharply attacks Reinhold in The Difference Between Fichte\u27s and Schelling\u27s System of Philosophy, but changes his mind in the Science of Logic to embrace elements of Reinhold\u27s philosophy. I argue that, through this circular epistemological reading of the Phenomenology of Spirit and the Science of Logic, we can account for Hegel\u27s changing view

The effect of impregnation strategy on methane dry reforming activity of Ce promoted Pt/ZrO2

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Dry reforming of methane has been studied over Pt/ZrO2 catalysts promoted with Ce for different temperatures and feed compositions. The influence of the impregnation strategy and the cerium amount on the activity and stability of the catalysts were investigated. The results have shown that introduction of 1 wt.% Ce to the Pt/ZrO2 catalyst via coimpregnation method led to the highest catalytic activity and stability. 1 wt.%Ce-1 wt.%Pt/ZrO2 catalyst prepared by sequential impregnation displayed inferior CH4 and CO2 conversion performances with lowest H-2/CO production ratios. 1 wt.%Ce-1 wt.%Pt/ZrO2 catalyst prepared by coimpregnation showed the highest activity even for the feed with high CH4/CO2 ratio. The reason for high activity was explained by the intensive interaction between Pt and Ce phases for coimpregnated sample, which had been verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray analyses. Strong and extensive Pt-Ce surface interaction results in an increase in the number of Ce3+ sites and enhances the dispersion of Pt. (C) 2009 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

QuPeD: Quantized Personalization via Distillation with Applications to Federated Learning

Traditionally, federated learning (FL) aims to train a single global model while collaboratively using multiple clients and a server. Two natural challenges that FL algorithms face are heterogeneity in data across clients and collaboration of clients with {\em diverse resources}. In this work, we introduce a \textit{quantized} and \textit{personalized} FL algorithm QuPeD that facilitates collective (personalized model compression) training via \textit{knowledge distillation} (KD) among clients who have access to heterogeneous data and resources. For personalization, we allow clients to learn \textit{compressed personalized models} with different quantization parameters and model dimensions/structures. Towards this, first we propose an algorithm for learning quantized models through a relaxed optimization problem, where quantization values are also optimized over. When each client participating in the (federated) learning process has different requirements for the compressed model (both in model dimension and precision), we formulate a compressed personalization framework by introducing knowledge distillation loss for local client objectives collaborating through a global model. We develop an alternating proximal gradient update for solving this compressed personalization problem, and analyze its convergence properties. Numerically, we validate that QuPeD outperforms competing personalized FL methods, FedAvg, and local training of clients in various heterogeneous settings.Comment: Appeared in NeurIPS2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2102.1178

Effect of the Diverse Standardized Patient Simulation (DSPS) Cultural Competence Education Strategy on Nursing Students’ Transcultural Self-Efficacy Perceptions

Nursing students find it challenging to provide culture-specific care for patients representing diversity in ethnicity, race, language, socioeconomic status, religion, gender, sexual orientation, immigration history, and lifestyle and frequently lack confidence in their knowledge, skills, and abilities. Simulation has become a useful strategy for teaching nursing students assessment skills, technical skills, teamwork, delegation, self-efficacy, and professional communication. An alarming gap exists within the literature concerning innovative teaching and learning strategies that are carefully designed, implemented, and evaluated and follow a conceptual model, guidelines, and standards to enhance cultural competence development of diverse student groups, who must work with patients from various backgrounds. This longitudinal, one-group, pretest and post-test educational intervention study involved two research questions to understand changes instudents’ (n = 53) transcultural self-efficacy (TSE) following the Diverse Standardized Patient Simulation (DSPS) cultural competence education strategy. Jeffreys’ (2016a) Cultural Competence and Confidence (CCC) theoretical model guided the development of the DSPS strategy. The National League for Nursing (NLN) Jeffries Simulation Theory (JST) (2015), the International Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL) Standards of Best Practice: SimulationSM (2013; 2016), and guidelines for coaching standardized patients from Wallace (2007) were followed closely in simulation scenario design, evaluation, implementation, and training processes. As a multidimensional strategy, the DSPS strategy carefully weaves together cognitive, practical, and affective transcultural nursing skills; encompasses assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation; and involves the TSE appraisal process in addition to other considerations from the educational and self-efficacy literature and the CCC model. Two DSPS scenarios designed by the researcher and validated by five doctorally prepared transcultural nursing experts were implemented with 53 ADN students enrolled in a second-semester, nine-credit, 15-week medical-surgical nursing course. DSPS scenario #1 targeted culturally competent care for a Turkish Muslim patient in the preoperative setting; DSPS scenario #2 targeted culturally competent care for chronic disease management (diabetes) for a patient self-identifying with the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and/or transgender population. The Jeffreys’ Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool (TSET) (Jeffreys, 2016b, Toolkit Item 1) was administered as a pretest and post-test to assess students’ changes in cognitive, practical, and affective dimensions of TSE. To obtain data specific to each scenario, two researcher-developed measuresthat corresponded with each TSET subscale (Cognitive, Practical, and Affective) and the total TSET were administered: The Simulation Survey and Simulation Participation Survey. For research question 1, the students’ self-efficacy strength (SEST) scores and self-efficacy level (SEL) groups (low, medium, high) changed significantly from pretest to post-test (p \u3c .05) in the Cognitive and Practical subscales and total TSET. Although changes occurred in the expected direction (increase), the Affective subscale missed statistical significance on both SEST (p = .054) and SEL (p = .058) analyses. Bivariate analyses on the Simulation Survey and the Simulation Participation Survey indicated that the mean scores for cognitive, practical, affective dimensions and overall confidence questions were similar regardless of answering immediately after the scenario or post-test TSET for both DSPS #1 and DSPS #2. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the specific scenario (DSPS #1 or DSPS #2) and the post-test TSET responses. For research question 2, results supported that all students, regardless of background, benefit (and require) formalized cultural competence education. This study supports the adaptation and utilization of the DSPS cultural competence education strategy for various populations and settings to develop cultural competence and TSE. The utilization of the CCC model and its corresponding TSET, along with recommended guidelines and standards, can assist to direct future research and focus educational strategies to support students’ confidence in providing cultural competent care. Consequently, this study fills a gap in the literature by providing a carefully orchestrated cultural competence educational intervention specifically utilizing the SP pedagogy that: was guided by a theoretical framework; followed international guidelines and standards for the design, implementation, evaluation, and SP training; and had content validity review. Implications and recommendations for theory, education, research, policy, and administration are presented

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Plasmid DNA Adsorption via Hydrophobic Interaction

This study aims the preparation of magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate-N-methacryloyl-Lphenylalanine), [poly(HEMA-MAPA)] nanoparticles for plasmid DNA separation on the basis of hydrophobic interactions. Magnetic nanoparticles will be produced emulsion polymerization of 2- hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) and N-methacryloyl-L-phenylalanine (MAPA) monomers. Nanosized particles including hydrophobic groups stemmed from polymerizable derivative of phenylalanine aminoacid were evaluated to offer surface area that is enough for the higher capacity DNA purification than commercial micronsized sorbents for DNA purification. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3494

Lagophthalmos and Frozen Globe as the Initial Presentation of Invasive Breast Carcinoma

A 75-year-old woman presented with six months history of progressing lagophthalmos and immobility of the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit demonstrated infiltration of orbital fat and the extra-ocular muscles. We performed transverse blepharotomy of the left eyelid to correct lagophthalmos; and during surgery, we took a biopsy sample from levator muscle and orbital fat. After the operation, the patient was able to close her eyelids, and epithelial problems were resolved. Biopsy revealed fibro-vascular, muscle and fat tissue infiltrated with minimally differentiated carcinoma cells. Breast examination revealed a nodule in the left breast. Biopsy of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of invasive breast carcinoma. Orbital manifestation of metastases, such as diplopia, lagophthalmos or pain may reduce life quality of the patients and must be evaluated on a multidisciplinary basis

A Critical Analysis of the Exercise Prescription and Return to Activity Advice That Is Provided in Patient Information Leaflets Following Lumbar Spine Surgery.

Background and objectives: Lumbar spine surgery may be considered if pharmacologic, rehabilitation and interventional approaches cannot provide sufficient recovery from low back-related pain. Postoperative physiotherapy treatment in England is often accompanied by patient information leaflets, which contain important rehabilitation advice. However, in order to be an effective instrument for patients, the information provided in these leaflets must be up to date and based on the best available evidence and clinical practice. This study aims to critically analyse the current postoperative aspects of rehabilitation (exercise prescription and return to normal activity) that are provided in patient information leaflets in England as part of an evaluation of current practice following lumbar spine surgery. Materials and Methods: Patient information leaflets from English National Health Service (NHS) hospitals performing lumbar spine surgery were sourced online. A content analysis was conducted to collect data on postoperative exercise prescription and return to normal activities. Results: Thirty-two patient information leaflets on lumbar surgery were sourced (fusion, n = 11; decompression, n = 15; all lumbar procedures, n = 6). Many of the exercises prescribed within the leaflets were not based on evidence of clinical best practice and lacked a relationship to functional activity. Return to normal activity advice was also wide ranging, with considerable variation in the recommendations and definitions provided. Conclusions: This study highlights a clear variation in the recommendations of exercise prescription, dosage and returning to normal activities following lumbar spine surgery. Future work should focus on providing a consistent and patient-centred approach to recovery

Peritoneal tuberculosis and granulomatous hepatitis secondary to treatment of bladder cancer with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin

Intravesical administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is used as a treatment method in superficial bladder cancer. While it is generally well tolerated, serious side effects may develop. Granulomatous hepatitis cases have been previously reported; however, only one case with tuberculous peritonitis exists in the current literature. We hereby present two cases, one of which is the second tubercular peritonitis case following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment to be reported, and the other a case with granulomatous hepatitis. Complete cure was achieved in both cases with specific therapy. In the patient who developed peritonitis, intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy was recommenced after antituberculosis treatment, and completed without further complications

Factors associated with substance use among preclinical medical students in Turkey: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Medical students experience high levels of stress due to their rigorous training, which can negatively affect their mental health. This study aimed to investigate substance use habits of medical students at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa and the association on their mental health and demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in March-April 2022 among preclinical medical students (years 1-3 of a 6-year program). A confidential, anonymous online survey consisting of four sections on sociodemographic and educational characteristics, nicotine use and dependence [Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)], alcohol use [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)], mental health status [12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12)], was distributed to 1131 students via WhatsApp and Telegram text messages. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests compared variables’ distribution in the questionnaire categories. Spearman's correlation assessed associations between scales. Significance was p < 0.05. Results: The study included 190 medical students. A total of 26.3% of the participants were smokers, with 8.4% showing moderate to high levels of nicotine dependence. An estimated 45.8% and 8.4% reported low-risk consumption and risky usage of alcohol, respectively. There were statistically significant associations between substance use and demographic factors such as sex, GPA, and religious belief. The study found a statistically significant correlation between FTND scores and GHQ-12 scores, and, between FTND scores and AUDIT scores. Conclusion: The findings of this study will inform the development of interventions to improve the mental health and academic performance of medical students at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa. Furthermore, it will raise awareness about the importance of addressing substance use among medical students in Turkey