Uncertainty-Aware Personal Assistant for Making Personalized Privacy Decisions

Many software systems, such as online social networks, enable users to share information about themselves. Although the action of sharing is simple, it requires an elaborate thought process on privacy: what to share, with whom to share, and for what purposes. Thinking about these for each piece of content to be shared is tedious. Recent approaches to tackle this problem build personal assistants that can help users by learning what is private over time and recommending privacy labels such as private or public to individual content that a user considers sharing. However, privacy is inherently ambiguous and highly personal. Existing approaches to recommend privacy decisions do not address these aspects of privacy sufficiently. Ideally, a personal assistant should be able to adjust its recommendation based on a given user, considering that user's privacy understanding. Moreover, the personal assistant should be able to assess when its recommendation would be uncertain and let the user make the decision on her own. Accordingly, this article proposes a personal assistant that uses evidential deep learning to classify content based on its privacy label. An important characteristic of the personal assistant is that it can model its uncertainty in its decisions explicitly, determine that it does not know the answer, and delegate from making a recommendation when its uncertainty is high. By factoring in the user's own understanding of privacy, such as risk factors or own labels, the personal assistant can personalize its recommendations per user. We evaluate our proposed personal assistant using a well-known dataset. Our results show that our personal assistant can accurately identify uncertain cases, personalize them to its user's needs, and thus helps users preserve their privacy well

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

The relationship between personality characteristics and workplace bullying of nurses

WOS: 000434407100005Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between personality characteristics and workplace bullying of nurses. Methods: This descriptive and relational study was carried out with 260 nurses working in a university hospital. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire form, the Hacettepe Personality Inventory and the Negative Acts Questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 35.6 +/- 7.9. The general adjustment score of the nurses was 107.34 +/- 20.77, their personal adjustment score was 48.76 +/- 13.15, and their social adjustment score was 59.5 +/- 8.95. The nurses' Negative Acts Questionnaire score was 33 +/- 1.05 (22-110p).There were weak but significant negative correlations between their Hacettepe Personality Inventory scores (general, personal, and social adjustment points) and their Negative Acts Questionnaire scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the nurses had compatible personality characteristics and that they were not greatly exposed to workplace bullying. Nurses generally experienced less workplace bullying as their personal and social adjustment increased

An examination of the correlation between nurses' organizational trust and burnout levels

WOS: 000445974000016PubMed ID: 30220371Introduction Decrease in the organizational trust level of nurses, leads to increase turnover rate of nurses, causes an increase in workload, causes a decrease in motivation and quality of patient care. The results caused by the lack of organizational trust is important for both individuals and organizations. Aim: To investigate the relationship between nurses' organizational trust and burnout level. Method: This descriptive and relational study is carried out at an university hospital with 155 nurses who were agreed to participate. Data were collected with Identifying Information Form, Organizational Trust Inventory and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were analyzed with numbers, percentage, mean standard deviation, spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Findings: A negative, very weak and statistically significant relationship was found between emotional exhaustion level and trust in employer level (r = 0.304, p < 0.01) and trust in institution level (r = 0.335, p < 0.01); a negative, very weak and statistically significant relationship was found between emotional exhaustion level and trust in colleagues level (r = 0.240, p < 0.01); between depersonalization level and trust in employer level (r = 0.315, p < 0.01); between depersonalization level and trust in colleagues level (r = 0.282, p < 0.01); between reduced personal accomplishment level and trust in employer level (r = 0.238, p < 0.01). Results: It was concluded that there was a statistically significant relationship between the nurses' organizational trust level and burnout level. In addition, organizational trust was a significant predictor of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment level

The relationship between personality characteristics and workplace bullying of nurses

WOS: 000434407100005Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between personality characteristics and workplace bullying of nurses. Methods: This descriptive and relational study was carried out with 260 nurses working in a university hospital. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire form, the Hacettepe Personality Inventory and the Negative Acts Questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 35.6 +/- 7.9. The general adjustment score of the nurses was 107.34 +/- 20.77, their personal adjustment score was 48.76 +/- 13.15, and their social adjustment score was 59.5 +/- 8.95. The nurses' Negative Acts Questionnaire score was 33 +/- 1.05 (22-110p).There were weak but significant negative correlations between their Hacettepe Personality Inventory scores (general, personal, and social adjustment points) and their Negative Acts Questionnaire scores (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the nurses had compatible personality characteristics and that they were not greatly exposed to workplace bullying. Nurses generally experienced less workplace bullying as their personal and social adjustment increased

Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral-Integrated Musical Rhythms Intervention on Anger A Randomized, Single-Blind Factorial Trial

The current study aimed to determine the effects of a cognitive-behavioral- integrated musical rhythms intervention among nursing students at risk for expe-riencing anger. A randomized, single-blind factorial trial was conducted with 38 students who had above average trait anger scores. Group interventions were held over five sessions. Data were collected using pre-/posttest and follow-up measure-ments with the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory and were analyzed using fac-torial analysis of variance. There were differences between groups in terms of trait anger (F[6, 68] = 22.64), anger control (F[6, 68] = 9.02), anger-out (F[6, 68] = 15.87), and anger-in (F[6, 68] = 10.89) (p < 0.05). Impact of the research was determined as strong/very strong in the time-group interaction. The newly developed interven-tion reduced students'tendencies to experience inappropriate expressions of anger more effectively and proved to have a stronger effect than other interventions. This intervention can be used to regulate nonpathological anger in adults and is recom-mended for researchers and practitioners who specialize in public mental health

Postpartum Depression Among Working and Non-working Women in Denizli, Turkey

WOS: 000308021500024Purpose: In the current study we aimed: (1) to report the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) among Turkish women in Denizli province; (2) description of the association of PPD with risk factors among working and non-working women. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted at the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Center in Denizli State Hospital. The research sample consisted of 250 women who came for follow-up between August-October 2008, and voluntarily agreed to participate. Socio-demographic and obstetric variables were collected through a socio-demographic and obstetric questionnaire. To achieve the goals of the current study, we employed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Working women's mean depression score was 27.35 +/- 17.52 while non-working women's mean depression score was 21.32 +/- 16.54. The BDI-based prevalence of PPD (to the cut off score of, 17) was 60.8%. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, it was determined that working women's age, delivery mode, satisfaction with the baby's sex, baby's nutritional style and health status increased the depression scores in a linear fashion. Fifty one percent of the working women's mean depression scores could be explained by these independent variables (R-2 = 0.51). As a result of the multiple regression analysis, it was determined that non-working mothers' educational level, satisfaction with the baby's sex, family support, health status, relations with the spouse increased the depression scores linearly. Fifty eight percent of the variation in working mothers' mean depression scores can be explained by these independent variables (R-2 = 0.58). Conclusion: The findings of the current study revealed high BDI -based PPD prevalence in a sample of Turkish women and described a number of risk factors associated with PPD. The high prevalence found in this study indicated a need for developing new interventions for early detection and treatment of PPD

EVALUATION OF SLEEP PATTERN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ELDERLY WITHOUT A COGNITIVE DISORDER LIVING IN A NURSING HOME

WOS: 000271410000006Introduction: The aim of this research was to examine the sleep pattern characteristics of elderly individuals who live in a nursing home and who do not have a cognitive disorder. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted at Izmir Zubeyde Hanim Gurcesme Nursing Home among 132 elderly individuals. Data were collected by a Descriptive Information Form and the Sleep Pattern Characteristics Questionnaire. Results: The sleep related problems frequently experienced by the elderly were "waking up frequently after falling asleep" (58.3%), "feeling sleepy/not well rested after waking up" (56.1%), "dozing off after waking up" (56%), "having difficulty going back to sleep after waking up" (49.3%), and "having difficulty falling asleep" (47.8%). It was determined that there were statistically significant differences in the elderly individuals' sleep pattern characteristics according to their gender (t=4.643, p<0.01), physical health perception (F=9.621, p<0.01), emotional health perception (F=9.045, p<0.01), status of using medications for physical complaints (t=2.776, p<0.05), sleep quality perception (F=63.540, p<0.01), medication use for staying in nursing home by choice (t=-2.468, p<0.05). Conclusion: Elderly individuals living in a nursing home were found to have difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep and dozin

Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER)

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric features of the Turkish version of The Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER), to expose its factor structure and to evaluate its validity and reliability