A Study on Chocolate Consumption in Prospective Teachers

This study was planned and conducted to determine the chocolate consumption habits of prospective teachers. The study population was comprised of students attending the Faculty of Education at Gazi University in Ankara and the sample consisted of 251 prospective teachers selected with simple random sampling. 96.4 % and 3.6 % of the prospective teachers were aged 19-35 and 25-30, respectively. In the study, 91.1 % of the female prospective teachers and 75.3 % of the male prospective teachers agreed with the statement chocolate consumption is good for cardiovascular diseases, while 4.1 % of the female prospective teachers and 8.6 % of the male prospective teachers disagreed. 77.1 % of the female prospective teachers and 27.2 % of the male prospective teachers agreed with the statement daily chocolate consumption lowers the blood pressure, while 15.3 % of the female prospective teachers, and 55.6 % of the male prospective teachers disagreed (x2=58.583, p<0.05). 59.4 % of the female prospective teachers, and 37.0 % of the male prospective teachers agreed with the statement eating chocolate reduces my depression, while 35.9 % of the female prospective teachers, and 46.9 % of the male prospective teachers disagreed (x2=11.056, p<0.05). In addition, the female prospective teachers preferred to eat dark chocolate, chocolate with mixed nuts, flavored chocolate and liquor-filled chocolate more frequently than the male prospective teachers (p<0.05). In conclusion, the female prospective teachers were more attentive and conscious than the male prospective teachers in their chocolate consumption

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

The Effect of Maternal Attitude on the Evaluation of Behavioral Feeding

Introduction: This study was planned to determine maternal attitudes' effect on behavioral pediatric feeding assessment in mothers with children aged 6-9 years. Methods: The sample consisted of 196 mothers with children aged 6-9 years. The Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale and the Hamel Maternal Attitude Scale were employed to assess behavioral pediatric feeding and maternal attitudes, respectively. Results: A significant correlation was found between the Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale total scores and the “authoritarian” subscale of the Hamel Maternal Attitude Scale. There were significant differences in the participants’ Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale scores in terms of children's ages and family types. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that the mother's feeding behavior of her child is affected by both the factors related to her child, the environment in which she lives, and her own attitude