The gas phase cyclization of deprotonated N-aryl-2-cyano-2-diazoacetamides

The document attached has been archived with permission from the publisher.1-Aryl-4-cyano-5-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazoles can be obtained in solution by base-catalysed cyclization of N-aryl-2-cyano-2-diazoacetamides. A similar reaction was shown to take place under conditions of negative ion chemical ionization in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. High resolution mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, charge reversal spectra, synthesis of the ions with known structures and quantum chemical calculations were used to prove the latter statement. The fact of the observed cyclization demonstrates once again the ability of mass spectrometry to study the gas phase chemical reactions that take place in solution.Vladislav V. Lobodin, Yuriy Yu. Morzherin, Tom Blumenthal, Daniel Bilusich, Vladimir V. Ovcharenko, John H. Bowie, and Albert T. Lebede

From Ancient Syncretism to the Internet Era: a Unique Way of Media Literature

В статье рассматривается учебно-методическое пособие Я. В. Солдаткиной, разработанное для уникального учебного курса медиасловесности, читаемого для магистрантов в Московском педагогическом государственном университете.The review deals with the teaching and methods guide of Ya. V. Soldatkina, written for a unique master's degree program in media literature at Moscow State Pedagogical University

Formation of an integrated system for monitoring the food security of the region

The agro-industrial complex at the current stage of operation requires a comprehensive analysis of the main directions of agricultural development and its development prospects, assessment of indicators determining the level of accessibility of food products - according to the global food security index, which allowed us to identify the main problems in ensuring the availability of food products. The subject of the study is the formation of an integrated system for monitoring food security in the agro-industrial complex of the region. The paper presents a comparative description of the methodological approaches to assessing the food security of the region. Indicators of the Russian Federation that are not fully synchronized with the main indicators of FAO food security have been identified. The aim and objective of the study is the introduction of progressive methodological approaches to assessing the physical accessibility of food products, which involves assessing the level of development of the distribution infrastructure taking into account the FAO system of food safety indicators, which allows an objective assessment of the volume of domestic production, determine the country's comparative advantages in the production of basic food products, and also evaluate the effectiveness of this production. The identified systemic threats to the food security of the region make it possible to justify the reserves for improving the functioning of the regional agri-food market. The necessity of applying a systematic approach to assessing the level of regional food security, which consists in consolidating the organizational, managerial, financial, economic and regulatory mechanisms for regulating the food security of the region, is substantiated. This will provide an information basis for determining development priorities and guidelines, identifying problems and threats in the food sector, taking into account regional characteristics, increasing the efficiency of forms and methods of food flow movement based on the use of effective management methods, the capabilities of modern information technologies and logistic ties

Book of Poems as a Genre in the Works of "Pereval" Poets

The article studies the books of poems by P. Druzhinin, N. Zarudin and D. Semenovsky by such parameters as title, composition, motives, and meta-plot.В статье рассматриваются книги стихов П. Дружинина, Н. Зарудина, Д. Семеновского по таким параметрам, как композиция, мотивы, метасюжет

Phase field modelling voids nucleation and growth in binary systems

We present a comprehensive study of voids formation, nucleation and growth in a prototype model of binary alloys subjected to irradiation by using a combined approach based on phase field and rate theories. It is shown that voids formation is caused by interaction of irradiation-produced vacancies through elastic deformation of a lattice and vacancy coupling with composition field of the alloy. Phase diagrams illustrating the formation of states related to solid solution, phase decomposition, and patterning are obtained. Formation of voids from supersaturated ensemble of vacancies is accompanied by composition rearrangement of alloy components. It was found that elastic inhomogeneity leading to the formation of anisotropic precipitates in an initially prepared binary alloy results in the formation of a void super-lattice under irradiation. It was shown that voids nucleate and grow with dose according to diffusion controlled precipitation processes, where universal dynamics of voids growth is revealed. Estimations of main quantitative and statistical characteristics of voids by using material parameters relevant to most of alloys and steels give good agreement with experimental observations.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure

Collective Autoionization in Multiply-Excited Systems: A novel ionization process observed in Helium Nanodroplets

Free electron lasers (FELs) offer the unprecedented capability to study reaction dynamics and image the structure of complex systems. When multiple photons are absorbed in complex systems, a plasma-like state is formed where many atoms are ionized on a femtosecond timescale. If multiphoton absorption is resonantly-enhanced, the system becomes electronically-excited prior to plasma formation, with subsequent decay paths which have been scarcely investigated to date. Here, we show using helium nanodroplets as an example that these systems can decay by a new type of process, named collective autoionization. In addition, we show that this process is surprisingly efficient, leading to ion abundances much greater than that of direct single-photon ionization. This novel collective ionization process is expected to be important in many other complex systems, e.g. macromolecules and nanoparticles, exposed to high intensity radiation fields

WHAT RESULTS IN TENDON AND MUSCLE TISSUES OF THE ROTATOR CUFF FROM FULL-THICKNESS TEARS: DATA OF MRI, ARTHROSCOPY AND HISTOLOGY

Full-thickness rotator cuff tears - is abundant injury which leads to the expressed pain syndrome and functional violation of the top extremity. At making decision about necessary of surgery, MRI is the important source of information about the injury The purpose: to determine the qualitative and quantitative indicators of degenerative-dystrophic changes in muscular and tendinous parts of the rotator cuff. based on a combined MRI, arthroscopic and histological diagnostics of full-thickness rupture of shoulder cuff Methods: We have examined 28 patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears. MRI of damaged joint to all patients before an operation was performed. Thereafter an arthroscopy was performed and intraoperative biopsy of the muscular and tendinous parts of the rotator cuff, with following histological examination. Results: It was found that at small full-thickness rotator cuff tears the intensity of degenerative changes in muscular and tendinous tissue was lower, so these tears are the most promising for all kinds of treatment. At medium and big tears intensity of degenerative changes in the tissues begins to prevail over productive inflammation and it limits to the ability of conservative treatment and increases the risk of unsuccessful outcomes of arthroscopic reconstruction. Conclusions: In this regard, it is necessary to search biological decisions, which complement the stage of arthroscopic reconstruction of the rotator cuff

Применение газоаналитических сенсорных устройств для анализа многокомпонентных жидких сред

Проведено аналіз застосування пристроїв газового аналізу для вимірювання токсичних компонентів у рідинах. Наведено деякі рекомендації щодо підвищення точності вимірювання та вирішено питання виключення впливу заважаючих компонентів.The analysis of sensor controls of the gas analysis is carried out, use of touch devices for measurement of toxic components in liquid environments, in particular in waste water is offered. The optimum sensor controls for work in the given range is chosen. The dependence of influence of interfering components on results of measurements is determined.Проведено анализ сенсоров газового анализа, предложено использование сенсорных устройств для измерения токсичных компонентов в жидких средах, в частности в сточных водах. Выбраны оптимальные сенсоры для работы в заданном диапазоне. Определена зависимость влияния мешающих компонентов на результаты измерений