Systematic Revision of Chilina Gray (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Northwestern Argentina and Description of a New Species

Fil: Ovando, Ximena Maria Constanza. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Gutiérrez Gregoric, Diego Eduardo. División Zoología Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Identifying priority areas for invertebrate conservation using land snails as models

Mollusca is a megadiverse phylum with an estimated number of 70,000–76,000 described species which can inhabit a wide variety of environments. Among them, land snails are a main component of terrestrial ecosystems and they play a pivotal role in ecosystem functioning. They are suffering habitat loss, overexploitation and competition from introduced species, but are regarded as a “non-charismatic” group for conservation purposes. Orthalicoidea is a dominant faunal element in the Neotropics and in Argentina includes 104 species that inhabit a variety of environments. Their abundance, diversity, comprehensive taxonomy and widespread representation in different ecoregions makes this molluscan group an excellent model for biodiversity assessments. The database used here consisted of 985 unique geographic records of 104 species. Species distribution models were generated using the Maximum Entropy method and Zonation v 3.1 was used to evaluate the proposed conservation goals. Three analyses including species distributions, the current protected areas system (PAs) and the Human print layer were carried out. This allowed the identification of priority areas for conservation, the percentage of the species distribution under PAs and analysis of the potential impacts under current land use and in the priority areas detected above. Sixty-one species were modeled, and 59 of them were included in the priority area selection process due to their high area under curve (AUC) scores. Five high priority areas located in the different ecoregions, were identified: 1-dry Chaco, 2-humid Pampas, 3-Southern Andean Yungas, 4-Alto Paraná Atlantic Forests and 5-high Monte. A small percentage of the average distribution range of Orthalicoidean species (3%) was within the current protected areas. Highest-ranked priority areas for land snails are outside the current protected areas system. When human impact is considered, the priority areas are reduced in size and appear as small patches. However, highest priority areas for conservation continue being those detected in the above analyses. Most of the areas detected are used for economic purposes, creating conflicts of interest between the development of human activities and conservation. This study represents one of the first attempts to identify ecoregion level priority areas for a terrestrial invertebrate group. Further analyses, including new predictors and other molluscan taxa, would improve planning the conservation of poorly known invertebrate groups.Fil: Ovando, Ximena Maria Constanza. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; BrasilFil: Miranda, Maria Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; ArgentinaFil: Loyola, Rafael. Universidade Federal de Goiás; BrasilFil: Cuezzo, Maria Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentin

Vegetated coastal ecosystems in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean are an unexploited opportunity for climate change mitigation

Vegetated coastal ecosystems (mangroves, seagrasses, and saltmarshes, often called Blue Carbon ecosystems) store large carbon stocks. However, their regional carbon inventories, sequestration rates, and potential as natural climate change mitigation strategies are poorly constrained. Here, we systematically review organic carbon storage and accumulation rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems across the Central and Southwestern Atlantic, extending from Guyana (08.28°N) to Argentina (55.14°S). We estimate that 0.4 Pg organic carbon is stored in the region, which is approximately 2-5% of global carbon stores in coastal vegetated systems, and that they accumulate 0.5 to 3.9 Tg carbon annually. By ecosystem type, mangroves have the largest areal extent and contribute 70-80% of annual organic carbon accumulation, with Brazil hosting roughly 95% of mangrove stocks. Our findings suggest that organic carbon accumulation in the region is equivalent to 0.7 to 13% of global rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems, indicating the importance of conserving these ecosystems as a nature-based approach for mitigating and adapting to climate change

PERSPECTIVA PSICOSOCIAL DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS

Hoy en día es imprescindible abordar el problema de los derechos desde una perspectiva holística que integre la posición que el individuo ocupa en la sociedad y el impacto de los hechos sociales sobre su persona. Esta perspectiva va por lo tanto más allá del enfoque clásico de las violaciones a los derechos civiles y políticos de los ciudadanos sino, también incluye sus derechos económicos, sociales y culturales. Cualquier enfoque de tipo holístico debe entender al ser humano en su ambiente, social, cultural, natural y en función a todas las estructuras existentes, por más sutiles que sean o invisibles que parezcan. Precisamente este libro permite apreciar la dimensión amplia y compleja del ser en sociedad y las interacciones que de ambas partes se generan y las ramificaciones que producen. No es un ejercicio fácil y los editores de este volumen han logrado un salto cuántico al poder congregar en un solo espacio miradas que en otras circunstancias podrían haber sido opuestas y hasta contrarias a nuestra comprensión de problemas que, en efecto, tienen raíces comunes. El libro está dividido en 5 secciones, El espíritu de los tiempos actuales y los Derechos Humanos, Construcción ciudadana y ejercicio de los Derechos Humanos, Violaciones a Derechos Humanos, victimizaciones y su atención, Ejercicio de los Derechos Humanos y situaciones disruptivas y Defensa y defensores de Derechos Humanos.Manuel Gutiérrez Romero Jessica Ruiz Magañ

An annotated checklist of Planorbinae (Heterobranchia, Hygrophila, Planorbidae) from northwestern Argentina

The family Planorbidae comprises freshwater gastropods with planispiral, spiral and limpet-shaped shells. Subfamily Planorbinae sensu stricto, has a richness of almost 300 species, with some of the main genera being Biomphalaria Preston, 1910 and Drepanotrema Fischer & Crosse, 1880. Some Biomphalaria species are of concern to human health as they are intermediate hosts of blood flukes in Latin America. In Argentina, the family Planorbidae is represented by 15 species in four genera. In Northern Argentina (NOA region), records of the family are scarce, and most of them are a result of occasional collecting. We provide an updated checklist of Planorbinae in NOA resulting from fieldwork, material in malacological collections, and data in the literature. Nine species occur in the area: four species of Biomphalaria and five of Drepanotrema. Among Biomphalaria species, we recorded Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848), which is considered a natural host of the blood fluke Schistostoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, for first time in Salta province; the known geographic distribution of B. straminea is extended in the country

Discovery of an established population of a non-native species of Viviparidae (Caenogastropoda) in Argentina

Discovery of an established population of Sinotaia quadrata (Benson, 1842) in a river and reservoir inArgentina is reported, representing the first report of a Recent viviparid species in South America. Viviparidsare a family of freshwater snails occurring nearly worldwide. A study of the shell and aspects of the anatomyof S. quadrata are presented. It is distinguished from other native taxa by its large shell size, presence ofa blackish axial band on the columellar side of the aperture and two to three carina on the body whorl.The invasive species Physa acuta Draparnaud, 1805 (Physidae) and Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774)(Corbiculidae) also inhabit the same sites as Sinotaia quadrata. Co-occurring native species of molluscsare Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) (Ampullariidae) and Biomphalaria tenagophila (d´Orbigny, 1835)(Planorbidae). This record increases the total number of invasive gastropods in Argentina to six.Fil: Ovando, Ximena Maria Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; ArgentinaFil: Cuezzo, Maria Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; Argentin

Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Ancylidae, Gundlachia radiata (Guilding, 1828): first record of occurrence for the northwestern region of Argentina

In the present paper we report for the first time the presence of Gundlachia radiata (Guilding, 1828), in northwestern region (Jujuy province), Argentina. Adult and juveniles specimens of this freshwater limpet were collected in two temporary water bodies. This record represents the first report of this species in Argentina but also is the southernmost point of occurrence of G. radiata in South America. As a result, the distributional range of this species is increased and the species richness of Ancylidae in Argentina is incremented to a total of seven species classified in four genera

Figures 32–35 in A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil

Figures 32–35. General view of reproductive system dissected out of Megaspira adenticulata sp. nov.: (32, 34) dorsal and ventral views of reproductive; (33) detail of ovotestis; (35) detail of distal portion of reproductive system showing the genital atrium and genital diverticle. (Ov) Ovoteste, (HD) Hermaphrodite Duct), (AG) Albumen gland, (BC) Bursa copulatrix, (BD) Bursa duct, (DV) Deferens vas, (Ep) epiphallus, (Ph) proximal phallum, (GA) Genital atrium, (Fl) Flagellum, (Ov) Ovotestis, (Pr) Prostate, (U: uterus), (BD) Bursa duct, (GD) Genital diverticle, (Ph) Proximal phallum, (GA) Genital atrium, (U) Ureter). Scale bars: 32–35 = 1 mm.Published as part of <i>Daniel, Victor R., Ovando, Ximena M.C. & Santos, Sonia B., 2022, A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil, pp. 1-11 in Zoologia (e21022) 39</i> on page 9, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v39.e21022, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8229835">http://zenodo.org/record/8229835</a&gt

Figures 13–18 in A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil

Figures 13–18. Living specimen of Megaspira adenticulata sp. nov. and shell morphology in different views: (13, 14) specimen showing the pigmentation of the cephalopedal mass; (15–18) apertural, dorsal and lateral views of the shell. Scale bars: 1 mm. Photos: Regiana Salgado de Mello.Published as part of <i>Daniel, Victor R., Ovando, Ximena M.C. & Santos, Sonia B., 2022, A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil, pp. 1-11 in Zoologia (e21022) 39</i> on page 6, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v39.e21022, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8229835">http://zenodo.org/record/8229835</a&gt

Figures 19–28 in A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil

Figures 19–28. Megaspira adenticulata sp. nov.: (19–21) shell of young specimen in SEM showing the absence of apertural lamellae and detail of the microsculpture of the teleoconch: (22–24) detail of microsculptura of columela in SEM showing small papillae on the entire surface; (25) jaw; (26–28) detail of radula showing the rachidian, lateral and marginal tooth. Scale bars: 19, 20, 22 = 1 mm; 21, 24 = 200 µm; 24, 26, 28 = 20 µm; 25 = 100 µm; 27 = 10 µm.Published as part of <i>Daniel, Victor R., Ovando, Ximena M.C. & Santos, Sonia B., 2022, A new species of Megaspira (Stylommatophora: Megaspiridae) from Ilha Grande, Southeast Brazil, pp. 1-11 in Zoologia (e21022) 39</i> on page 7, DOI: 10.1590/S1984-4689.v39.e21022, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8229835">http://zenodo.org/record/8229835</a&gt