10 research outputs found
Formulation of a Robust National Rural Sector Program in Burkina Faso: What new themes have emerged from the socio-economic and climate scenarios process?
Under the partnership initiated in 2015 between the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Permanent Secretariat for Coordination of Agricultural Sector Policies (SP-CPSA), in collaboration with other CGIAR research programs and centers, an analysis of the National Rural Sector Program (PNSR) based on the CCAFS socio-economic and climate scenarios was conducted with the effective participation of rural sector stakeholders in Burkina Faso. Twenty-two (22) recommendations were made to allow for the effective mainstreaming of plausible socio-economic, environmental and climatic factors in the near and distant future, that will make PNSR II more robust to face future uncertainties related to climate change, global dynamics, socio-economic changes, changes in norms and values, etc. In addition, an exercise with all the stakeholders helped in translating the said recommendations into new actions and themes to be taken into account when formulating PNSR II. Discussions between the stakeholders also underscored the need for crosscutting involvement of research in the implementation of the activities of PNSR II
Formulation dâun Programme National du Secteur Rural robuste au Burkina Faso : Quelles thĂ©matiques nouvelles issues du processus des scĂ©narios socio- Ă©conomiques et climatiques?
Dans le cadre du partenariat initié en 2015 entre le
Programme de recherche du CGIAR sur le Changement
Climatique, lâAgriculture et la SĂ©curitĂ© Alimentaire
(CCAFS) et le Secrétariat Permanent de la Coordination
des Politiques Sectorielles Agricoles (SP-CPSA), en
collaboration avec dâautres programmes et centres de
recherche du CGIAR, une analyse du Programme
National du Secteur Rural (PNSR) fondée sur les
scénarios socio-économiques et climatiques du CCAFS a
pu ĂȘtre menĂ©e avec la participation effective des parties
prenantes du secteur rural du Burkina Faso. Les 22
recommandations qui en sont issues devraient permettre
une prise en compte effective des facteurs socio-
Ă©conomiques, environnementaux et climatiques
plausibles dans le futur proche et lointain, et ainsi aider Ă
rendre le PNSR II plus robuste face aux incertitudes
futures liées au changement climatique, aux dynamiques
mondiales, aux évolutions socioéconomiques, aux
changements des normes et valeurs, etc. En outre, un
exercice avec lâensemble des acteurs impliquĂ©s a
consisté à traduire lesdites recommandations en actions
et thématiques nouvelles à prendre en compte lors de la
formulation du PNSR II. Les Ă©changes entre acteurs ont
Ă©galement fait ressortir la nĂ©cessitĂ© dâune implication
transversale de la recherche dans la mise en Ćuvre des
activitĂ©s de cet important outil politique quâest le PNSR I
Localisation atypique de myomes en peropĂ©ratoire: Ă propos de deux cas dont un dans un contexte dâurgence
Les fibromyomes sont des tumeurs bénignes de localisation utérine courante. Elles sont fréquentes chez la femme noire, le diagnostique est échographique et anatomo-histologique. La localisation extra utérine est rare et de physio-pathogénie mal connue. Cette localisation pose des problÚmes de diagnostique. Nous rapportons deux cas cliniques de fibromes localisés sur le segment sigmoïdien de l'intestin et sur la paroi interne du muscle transverse de l'abdomen d'une part chez une patiente ùgée de 41 ans et d'autre part en région épigastrique, chez une patiente de 47 ans. Toutes les patientes ont été opérées respectivement l'une de myomes utérins pour infertilité et l'autre de laparotomie en urgence pour syndrome sub-occlusif au cinquante huitiÚme jour post hystérectomie. Ces observations  doivent inciter les cliniciens ou les radiologistes à réaliser un bilan étendu à la recherche de localisation extra-utérine avant une myomectomie ou hystérectomie car un myome peut en cacher un autre en dehors de l'utérus.Key words: Myomes, intestin, paroi abdominale, utéru
Réveil peropératoire et memorisation: prévalence et aspects cliniques dans un Pays Sub-Saharien
Objective: To study intraoperative memorization in the service of general surgery of Yalgado Ouedroago teaching Hospital (YO-TH) in Burkina Faso. Methods: It was a prospective study in the service of general surgery of YOTH over 7 months. The inclusion criteria were: age ℠18 years, absence of psychiatric disorder, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score less than 4, informed consent written. Patients were interviewed at recovery. The questionnaire of Brice et al [8] was used and data were analyzed with SPHINX version 5.0.1 Results: A total of 475 patients were included. The mean age was 40.4 ± 16.3 years. The sex ratio was 1.4. The majority (56%) took psychoactive substance and 78.1% of patients had ASA score 2 or 3. Seven (1.4%) patients reported an explicit perioperative memorization (EPOM +). The mean age of EPOM + patients was 26.8 ± 6.57 years with a sex ratio 1.3. There was difference between EPOM + patients and EMPO - for age (p = 0.0001), occupation (p = 0.009) and antecedent of local anesthesia (p = 0.004). Five patients reported auditory perceptions, four cases of visual perceptions and two tactile perceptions. Pain was the most unpleasant memorization recorded. The psychological consequences of EPOM + were anxiety (2 cases). Conclusion: The frequency of EPOM is low in our context and the main cause was a slight anesthesia
Impacts Socio-Economiques des Retenues d'Eau dan la Region Nord du Burkina Faso: Cas de Ninigui, Ziga, et Ouahigouya
Le Burkina Faso, pays soudano-saheÌlien, est caracteÌriseÌ par une irreÌgulariteÌ pluviomeÌtrique. Dans sa partie saheÌlienne, la production agricole est faible. Cela oblige les populations aÌ s'orienter vers des strateÌgies d'adaptation comme la production maraiÌcheÌre autour des retenues d'eau. C'est le cas de Ziga, Ninigui et de Ouahigouya dans la province du Yatenga
MECCA-Africa project
In this study, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)-led intervention in the Volta basin has tested a toolkit towards the planning, monitoring and evaluation of community-based adaptation approaches and adaptive capacity. This fieldwork helps establish linkages between climate-related hazards and the livelihood resources (natural, physical, financial, human and social) in communities, making evident the necessity of strengthening these resources to improve communities capacities for adaptation to climate change. Various tools were applied in four communities in Burkina Faso and Ghana, linking their adaptive capacity to climate change with the view to inform the next phase project in documenting development processes
Incidence, caractĂ©ristiques et facteurs de risque des douleurs chroniques postcĂ©sariennes Ă lâhĂŽpital Yalgado OuĂ©draogo au Burkina Faso
OBJECTIF : Ătudier lâincidence, les caractĂ©ristiques et facteurs de risque des douleurs chroniques postcĂ©sariennes (DCPC) Ă lâhĂŽpital Yalgado. PATIENTES ET MĂTHODES : Un questionnaire Ă©tait administrĂ© par appel tĂ©lĂ©phonique Ă 204 patientes aux sixiĂšme, neuviĂšme et douziĂšme mois aprĂšs une cĂ©sarienne. Les questions portaient sur la prĂ©sence de douleurs cicatricielles, leurs caractĂ©ristiques et leurs rĂ©percussions sur la vie des patientes. LâenrĂŽlement sâest fait durant la consultation du 45e jour postopĂ©ratoire, a durĂ© deux mois, et les donnĂ©es cliniques, chirurgicales et anesthĂ©siques Ă©taient recueillies rĂ©trospectivement. Le questionnaire de suivi de la douleur leur a Ă©tĂ© expliquĂ© pendant lâenrĂŽlement, puis ultĂ©rieurement administrĂ© par le mĂȘme enquĂȘteur. AprĂšs une analyse descriptive de la population Ă©tudiĂ©e avec Epi Info version 3.3.1, une comparaison des patientes avec et sans DCPC Ă©tait effectuĂ©e afin de mettre en Ă©vidence les facteurs de risque. RĂSULTATS : Sur 204 patientes incluses, 113 (55,4 %) ont terminĂ© lâĂ©tude et 91 patientes ont Ă©tĂ© perdues de vue. Au total, 72 femmes (63,7 %) ont rapportĂ© des DCPC Ă un moment ou lâautre de leur suivi. Les perdues de vue Ă©taient comparables aux patientes suivies. La frĂ©quence des DCPC diminuait au fil du temps, passant de 63,7 % Ă six mois (15,2 % de douleur modĂ©rĂ©e Ă sĂ©vĂšre) Ă 52,21 % au neuviĂšme mois et 38,9 % au 12e mois (4,5 % de douleur modĂ©rĂ©e Ă sĂ©vĂšre). Le jeune Ăąge (OR: 1,48, p = 0,002), lâantĂ©cĂ©dent de cĂ©sarienne (OR: 2,94; p = 0,01), les chirurgiens en formation (OR: 4,15, p = 0,05), lâincision Pfannenstiel (OR: 5,96, p = 0,001), lâanesthĂ©sie gĂ©nĂ©rale (OR: 3,21, p = 0,03) sont les facteurs de risque associĂ©s Ă des DCPC, alors que la rachianesthĂ©sie (OR: 0,4, p = 0,009) protĂ©geait contre la DCPC. LâintensitĂ© mĂ©diane Ă©tait de 1,7 au sixiĂšme mois, de 1,03 au neuviĂšme mois et de 0,85 au 12e mois. La douleur Ă©tait modĂ©rĂ©e dans 51,38 % des cas au sixiĂšme mois contre 18,18 % au 12e mois. La douleur Ă©tait intermittente (59,7 %) ou permanente (16,6 %) au sixiĂšme mois versus respectivement 86,3 et 4,5 % au 12e mois. LâintensitĂ© de la douleur diminuait dans le temps. La majoritĂ© des femmes (89,2 %) sâautomĂ©diquaient, et 3,2 % ont prĂ©sentĂ© des troubles du sommeil. CONCLUSION : Les DCPC sont frĂ©quentes dans notre sĂ©rie et souffrent dâun manque de prise en charge mĂ©dicale.[The Incidence, Characteristics and Risk Factors of Chronic Post-Caesarean Pain at Yalgado OuĂ©draogo Hospital in Burkina Faso] AIM: To study the incidence, characteristics and risk factors of chronic post-Caesarean pain (CPCP) at Yalgado Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A survey was conducted via telephone of 204 patients at 6, 9 and 12 months after a Caesarean section. The questions focused on the presence of scar pain, its characteristics and the subsequent repercussions on patientsâ lives. Enrolment was carried out during the postoperative day 45 consultation; it lasted for two months and clinical, surgical and anaesthetic data was collected retrospectively. The pain follow-up questionnaire was explained during enrolment, then subsequently delivered by the same person. After a descriptive analysis of the population studied was conducted with ĂpiInfoâą version 3.3.1, a comparison of patients with and without CPCP was made in order to highlight any risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 204 patients included, 113 (55.4%) completed the study and 91 patients were lost to follow-up. A total of 72 women (63.7%) reported CPCP at one point or another during their follow-up. The patients lost to follow-up were comparable to those who received follow-up. The frequency of CPCP decreased over time, falling from 63.7% at 6 months (15.2% had moderate to severe pain) to 52.21% at month 9 and 38.9% at month 12 (4.5% with moderate to severe pain). Young age (OR: 1.48, P = 0.002), previous Caesarean (OR: 2.94, P = 0.01), trainee surgeons (OR: 4.15, P = 0.05), a Pfannenstiel incision (OR: 5.96, P = 0.001), and general anaesthesia (OR: 3.21, P = 0.03) are risk factors associated with CPCP, whereas spinal anaesthesia (OR: 0.4, P = 0.009) protected against CPCP. The median pain intensity was 1.7 at month 6, 1.03 at month 9 and 0.85 at month 12. The pain was moderate for 51.38% at month 6, compared with 18.18% at month 12. Pain was intermittent (59.7%) or permanent (16.6%) at month 6, versus 86.3% and 4.5% respectively at month 12. The intensity of the pain decreased over time. The majority of the women (89.2%) self-medicated, and 3.2% had sleep-related difficulties. CONCLUSION: CPCP is a common experience in our series, and suffers from a lack of medical car
Using Multi-Temporal Landsat Images and Support Vector Machine to Assess the Changes in Agricultural Irrigated Areas in the Mogtedo Region, Burkina Faso
Characteristics of HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 Dually Seropositive Adults in West Africa Presenting for Care and Antiretroviral Therapy: The IeDEA-West Africa HIV-2 Cohort Study.
HIV-2 is endemic in West Africa. There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines on the diagnosis, management and antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-2 or HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infections. Because of these issues, we designed a West African collaborative cohort for HIV-2 infection within the framework of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA).We collected data on all HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dually seropositive patients (both ARV-naive and starting ART) and followed-up in clinical centres in the IeDEA-WA network including a total of 13 clinics in five countries: Benin, Burkina-Faso CĂŽte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Senegal, in the West Africa region.Data was merged for 1,754 patients (56% female), including 1,021 HIV-2 infected patients (551 on ART) and 733 dually seropositive for both HIV-1 and HIV 2 (463 on ART). At ART initiation, the median age of HIV-2 patients was 45.3 years, IQR: (38.3-51.7) and 42.4 years, IQR (37.0-47.3) for dually seropositive patients (pâ=â0.048). Overall, 16.7% of HIV-2 patients on ART had an advanced clinical stage (WHO IV or CDC-C). The median CD4 count at the ART initiation is 166 cells/mm(3), IQR (83-247) among HIV-2 infected patients and 146 cells/mm(3), IQR (55-249) among dually seropositive patients. Overall, in ART-treated patients, the CD4 count increased 126 cells/mm(3) after 24 months on ART for HIV-2 patients and 169 cells/mm(3) for dually seropositive patients. Of 551 HIV-2 patients on ART, 5.8% died and 10.2% were lost to follow-up during the median time on ART of 2.4 years, IQR (0.7-4.3).This large multi-country study of HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dual infection in West Africa suggests that routine clinical care is less than optimal and that management and treatment of HIV-2 could be further informed by ongoing studies and randomized clinical trials in this population