Nouveaux copolymères donneur-accepteur : préparation, caractérisation physico-chimique et application des cellules photovoltaïques organiques

In this work, the attention was focused on the synthesis of new low-band gap polymers and on the adopted chemical strategy aims on developing the so called push-pull copolymers: formed by a donor (push) and an acceptor (pull) electron unit in the polymer backbone. It was demonstrated that exploited building block approach can lead to copolymers with tunable physical properties. By selecting acceptor (benzothiadiazole or thienopyrrolodione derivatives) and donor (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybenzodithiophene) units of different DA strength, it is possible to prepare copolymers through several C-C coupling methods. Detailed physico-chemical studies using complementary spectroscopic, electrochemical, diffraction and thermal techniques enabled the determination of synthesized push-pull copolymers properties, which are crucial for their photovoltaic application. Detailed studies on EPR under illumination and EPR tracing allowed the characterization of various electronic transfers in the presented and particularly designed push-pull copolymers, blended with two types of electron acceptor materials: PCBM and CuInS2 nanocrystals. DFT calculations supported the experimental results. Preliminary tests on synthesized copolymers were carried out taking into account all limiting factors concerning the device fabrication.Ce travail de thèse concerne l'élaboration de nouveaux copolymères à faible bande interdite de type « push-pull », constitués par une unité donneuse d'électrons (push) et une unité acceptrice d'électrons (pull) en modulant les relations structures-propriétés par stratégie de synthèse. Des copolymères constitués par des unités acceptrices d'électrons (dérivées du benzothiadiazole ou du thienopyrrolodione) et donneuses d'électrons (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybezodithiophène) ont été obtenus par différentes méthodes de couplage carbone carbone (C-C). Des études physico-chimiques par des techniques de spectroscopie (UV-visible), d'électrochimie (voltampérométrie cyclique), de diffraction de rayon X et d'analyses thermogravimétriques ont été utilisées pour élucider les propriétés fondamentales des copolymères pour des applications dans le domaine du photovoltaïque organique. Des études de RPE sous éclairement couplées avec de la simulation théorique ont permis l'étude des différents transferts électroniques dans les copolymères push-pull en mélange avec deux types de matériaux accepteurs d'électrons (le PCBM et les nanocristaux de CuInS2). Des calculs de DFT ont mis en évidence une bonne corrélation avec les résultats expérimentaux. Des tests préliminaires en hétérojonctions volumiques sur les (co)polymères ont étés réalisés mettant en évidence les facteurs clés limitant les performances des dispositifs de photovoltaïques organiques

Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous silicas with dendritic and spongy-like structures: potential supports for human lactate dehydrogenase-based microreactors aimed at anticancer inhibitor screening

Mesoporous silica are versatile materials with wide-ranging potential. Notably, they excel as enzyme supports. This work examines the influence of three distinct siliceous mesoporous materials used as supports for the enzyme human lactate dehydrogenase (hLDH-A). Drugs with inhibition effects have recently shown favorable effects on diminishing the proliferation of cancerous cells. The ultimate goal of this research is to produce a stable and effective biocatalyst suitable for being employed in a microreactor for the screening of hLDH-A inhibitors. The synthesized mesoporous silica exhibited distinctive structural features, including a quasi-mesocellular network, bent-channels structure, and a dendritic geometry with radial symmetry, as evidenced by FESEM and HR-TEM. These materials were functionalized with amino and aldehyde groups to covalently immobilize hLDH-A. Characterization of both pristine and functionalized materials involved a comprehensive examination of their physico-chemical properties. The CO dosing revealed Brønsted acidity characteristic of mesoporous silica, while FT-IR spectroscopy and N2 physisorption at 77 K confirmed their successful functionalization. Enzyme immobilization on the functionalized supports, performed with stabilizing agents such as PEG (0.05 mg/ml) or trehalose (300 mM), produced promising results. The immobilization yield consistently exceeded 80 %, with retained activity reaching values as high as 15 %. The immobilization of the enzyme on mesoporous silica increased the stability of hLDH-A against alkaline and organic solutions. These findings hold significance for those exploring siliceous porous supports for enzyme immobilization, paving the way for the development of stable and active biocatalysts

A cohort study on the biochemical and haematological parameters of Italian blood donors as possible risk factors of COVID-19 infection and severe disease in the pre- and post-Omicron period

To investigate the association between biochemical and blood parameters collected before the pandemic in a large cohort of Italian blood donors with the risk of infection and severe disease. We also focused on the differences between the pre- and post-Omicron spread in Italy (i.e., pre- and post-January 01, 2022) on the observed associations. We conducted an observational cohort study on 13750 blood donors was conducted using data archived up to 5 years before the pandemic. A t-test or chi-squared test was used to compare differences between groups. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and epidemic phase of first infection (pre- and post-Omicron spread) were examined. We confirmed a protective effect of groups B and O, while groups A and AB had a higher likelihood of infection and severe disease. However, these associations were only significant in the pre-Omicron period. We found an opposite behavior after Omicron spread, with the O phenotype having a higher probability of infection. When stratified by variant, A antigen appeared to protect against Omicron infection, whereas it was associated with an increased risk of infection by earlier variants. We were able to stratify for the SARS CoV-2 dominant variant, which revealed a causal association between blood group and probability of infection, as evidenced by the strong effect modification observed between the pre- and post-Omicron spread. The mechanism by which group A acts on the probability of infection should consider this strong effect modification

New donor-acceptor alternating copolymers : preparation, physical- chemical characterization and application to photovoltaic cells.

Ce travail de thèse concerne l'élaboration de nouveaux copolymères à faible bande interdite de type « push-pull », constitués par une unité donneuse d'électrons (push) et une unité acceptrice d'électrons (pull) en modulant les relations structures-propriétés par stratégie de synthèse. Des copolymères constitués par des unités acceptrices d'électrons (dérivées du benzothiadiazole ou du thienopyrrolodione) et donneuses d'électrons (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybezodithiophène) ont été obtenus par différentes méthodes de couplage carbone carbone (C-C). Des études physico-chimiques par des techniques de spectroscopie (UV-visible), d'électrochimie (voltampérométrie cyclique), de diffraction de rayon X et d'analyses thermogravimétriques ont été utilisées pour élucider les propriétés fondamentales des copolymères pour des applications dans le domaine du photovoltaïque organique. Des études de RPE sous éclairement couplées avec de la simulation théorique ont permis l'étude des différents transferts électroniques dans les copolymères push-pull en mélange avec deux types de matériaux accepteurs d'électrons (le PCBM et les nanocristaux de CuInS2). Des calculs de DFT ont mis en évidence une bonne corrélation avec les résultats expérimentaux. Des tests préliminaires en hétérojonctions volumiques sur les (co)polymères ont étés réalisés mettant en évidence les facteurs clés limitant les performances des dispositifs de photovoltaïques organiques.In this work, the attention was focused on the synthesis of new low-band gap polymers and on the adopted chemical strategy aims on developing the so called push-pull copolymers: formed by a donor (push) and an acceptor (pull) electron unit in the polymer backbone. It was demonstrated that exploited building block approach can lead to copolymers with tunable physical properties. By selecting acceptor (benzothiadiazole or thienopyrrolodione derivatives) and donor (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybenzodithiophene) units of different DA strength, it is possible to prepare copolymers through several C-C coupling methods. Detailed physico-chemical studies using complementary spectroscopic, electrochemical, diffraction and thermal techniques enabled the determination of synthesized push-pull copolymers properties, which are crucial for their photovoltaic application. Detailed studies on EPR under illumination and EPR tracing allowed the characterization of various electronic transfers in the presented and particularly designed push-pull copolymers, blended with two types of electron acceptor materials: PCBM and CuInS2 nanocrystals. DFT calculations supported the experimental results. Preliminary tests on synthesized copolymers were carried out taking into account all limiting factors concerning the device fabrication

Nouveaux copolymères donneur-accepteur : préparation, caractérisation physico-chimique et application des cellules photovoltaïques organiques

In this work, the attention was focused on the synthesis of new low-band gap polymers and on the adopted chemical strategy aims on developing the so called push-pull copolymers: formed by a donor (push) and an acceptor (pull) electron unit in the polymer backbone. It was demonstrated that exploited building block approach can lead to copolymers with tunable physical properties. By selecting acceptor (benzothiadiazole or thienopyrrolodione derivatives) and donor (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybenzodithiophene) units of different DA strength, it is possible to prepare copolymers through several C-C coupling methods. Detailed physico-chemical studies using complementary spectroscopic, electrochemical, diffraction and thermal techniques enabled the determination of synthesized push-pull copolymers properties, which are crucial for their photovoltaic application. Detailed studies on EPR under illumination and EPR tracing allowed the characterization of various electronic transfers in the presented and particularly designed push-pull copolymers, blended with two types of electron acceptor materials: PCBM and CuInS2 nanocrystals. DFT calculations supported the experimental results. Preliminary tests on synthesized copolymers were carried out taking into account all limiting factors concerning the device fabrication.Ce travail de thèse concerne l'élaboration de nouveaux copolymères à faible bande interdite de type « push-pull », constitués par une unité donneuse d'électrons (push) et une unité acceptrice d'électrons (pull) en modulant les relations structures-propriétés par stratégie de synthèse. Des copolymères constitués par des unités acceptrices d'électrons (dérivées du benzothiadiazole ou du thienopyrrolodione) et donneuses d'électrons (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybezodithiophène) ont été obtenus par différentes méthodes de couplage carbone carbone (C-C). Des études physico-chimiques par des techniques de spectroscopie (UV-visible), d'électrochimie (voltampérométrie cyclique), de diffraction de rayon X et d'analyses thermogravimétriques ont été utilisées pour élucider les propriétés fondamentales des copolymères pour des applications dans le domaine du photovoltaïque organique. Des études de RPE sous éclairement couplées avec de la simulation théorique ont permis l'étude des différents transferts électroniques dans les copolymères push-pull en mélange avec deux types de matériaux accepteurs d'électrons (le PCBM et les nanocristaux de CuInS2). Des calculs de DFT ont mis en évidence une bonne corrélation avec les résultats expérimentaux. Des tests préliminaires en hétérojonctions volumiques sur les (co)polymères ont étés réalisés mettant en évidence les facteurs clés limitant les performances des dispositifs de photovoltaïques organiques

Nouveaux copolymères donneur-accepteur (préparation, caractérisation physico-chimique et application des cellules photovoltaïques organiques)

Ce travail de thèse concerne l'élaboration de nouveaux copolymères à faible bande interdite de type push-pull , constitués par une unité donneuse d'électrons (push) et une unité acceptrice d'électrons (pull) en modulant les relations structures-propriétés par stratégie de synthèse. Des copolymères constitués par des unités acceptrices d'électrons (dérivées du benzothiadiazole ou du thienopyrrolodione) et donneuses d'électrons (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybezodithiophène) ont été obtenus par différentes méthodes de couplage carbone carbone (C-C). Des études physico-chimiques par des techniques de spectroscopie (UV-visible), d'électrochimie (voltampérométrie cyclique), de diffraction de rayon X et d'analyses thermogravimétriques ont été utilisées pour élucider les propriétés fondamentales des copolymères pour des applications dans le domaine du photovoltaïque organique. Des études de RPE sous éclairement couplées avec de la simulation théorique ont permis l'étude des différents transferts électroniques dans les copolymères push-pull en mélange avec deux types de matériaux accepteurs d'électrons (le PCBM et les nanocristaux de CuInS2). Des calculs de DFT ont mis en évidence une bonne corrélation avec les résultats expérimentaux. Des tests préliminaires en hétérojonctions volumiques sur les (co)polymères ont étés réalisés mettant en évidence les facteurs clés limitant les performances des dispositifs de photovoltaïques organiques.In this work, the attention was focused on the synthesis of new low-band gap polymers and on the adopted chemical strategy aims on developing the so called push-pull copolymers: formed by a donor (push) and an acceptor (pull) electron unit in the polymer backbone. It was demonstrated that exploited building block approach can lead to copolymers with tunable physical properties. By selecting acceptor (benzothiadiazole or thienopyrrolodione derivatives) and donor (3,6-carbazole, 2,7-carbazole, dialkoxybenzodithiophene) units of different DA strength, it is possible to prepare copolymers through several C-C coupling methods. Detailed physico-chemical studies using complementary spectroscopic, electrochemical, diffraction and thermal techniques enabled the determination of synthesized push-pull copolymers properties, which are crucial for their photovoltaic application. Detailed studies on EPR under illumination and EPR tracing allowed the characterization of various electronic transfers in the presented and particularly designed push-pull copolymers, blended with two types of electron acceptor materials: PCBM and CuInS2 nanocrystals. DFT calculations supported the experimental results. Preliminary tests on synthesized copolymers were carried out taking into account all limiting factors concerning the device fabrication.SAVOIE-SCD - Bib.électronique (730659901) / SudocGRENOBLE1/INP-Bib.électronique (384210012) / SudocGRENOBLE2/3-Bib.électronique (384219901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Comitato di redazione Spazio Ricerca

Il comitato di redazione ha operato in modo continuativo dal 2002 a 2007. Sono usciti 7 numeri, compreso il numero zero. Ciascun numero ha affrontato una tematica specifica, per la quale uno o più componenti del comitato di redazione hanno assunto il ruolo di curatori del numero. Per ciascun numero hanno collaborato esponenti importanti della cultura architettonica e di settori disciplinari affini

2°Transnational Meeting del Progetto Erasmus + Cli-CC.HE

The project CliCCHE (Climate change, Cities, Communities and Equity in Health), reflects the horizontal priority “Environment and fight against climate change” (i) by constructing an educational toolkit intertwining knowledge from different disciplines, (ii) by testing specific training courses and involving public administrations and local communities that will increase their knowledge and awareness about climate change and its impacts, in particular, on human health in urban contexts, (iii) by identifying the needs for an environmental and human health-oriented urban regeneration and (iv) by enabling citizens to co-designing their neighborhoods. The 2° Transnational Meeting took place in Ascoli Piceno, in November 2022. It focuses on checking the preparation of the educational toolkit (R3) and testing it in local workshops