Oscillatory regularity of charge carrier traps energy spectra in silicon organic polymer poly(di-n-hexylsilane)

Charge carrier traps energy spectra have been investigated in silicon organic polymer poly(di-n-hexylsilane) by fractional thermally stimulated luminescence in the temperature range from 5 to 200 K. The energy spectrum of traps has been found to be discrete in nature, not the quasi-continuous, as it was considered earlier. It has been established that the traps energies form two characteristic series resulting from the vibrational quanta at 373 and 259 cm⁻¹, respectively. It is important that these vibrational quanta coincide with the frequencies of the totally symmetric vibrational modes of silicon chain which are active in Raman spectrum. The regularities mentioned are analyzed using the oscillatory traps model as the basis

Morphology of the spectral resonance structure of the electromagnetic background noise in the range of 0.1?4 Hz at <i>L</I> = 5.2

International audienceContinuous observations of fluctuations of the geomagnetic field at Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory (L = 5.2) were used for a comprehensive morphological study of the spectral resonance structure (SRS) seen in the background electromagnetic noise in the frequency range of 0.1?4.0 Hz. It is shown that the occurrence rate of SRS is higher in the nighttime than in the daytime. The occurrence rate is higher in winter than in summer. The SRS frequencies and the difference between neighbouring eigenfrequencies (the frequency scale) increase towards nighttime and decrease towards daytime. Both frequency scale and occurrence rate exhibit a clear tendency to decrease from minimum to maximum of the solar activity cycle. It is found that the occurrence rate of SRS decreases when geomagnetic activity increases. The SRS is believed to be a consequence of a resonator for Alfvén waves, which is suggested to exist in the upper ionosphere. According to the theory of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR), characteristics of SRS crucially depend on electron density in the F-layer maximum, as well as on the altitudinal scale of the density decay above the maximum.We compared the SRS morphological properties with predictions of the IAR theory. The ionospheric parameters needed for calculation were obtained from the ionosphere model (IRI-95), as well as from measurements made with the ionosonde in Sodankylä. We conclude that, indeed, the main morphological properties of SRS are explained on the basis of the IAR theory. The measured parameters of SRS can be used for improving the ionospheric models

Spectroscopy of nanosized composites silicon-organic polymer/nanoporous silicas

Fluorescence and excitation spectra (T = 5–290 K) of nanosized silicon–organic polymers poly(di-n-hexylsilane) and poly(methyl(phenyl)silane) incorporated into porous silica materials MCM-41 and SBA-15 have been studied with varying pore diameter from 2.8 to 10 nm. The controlled variation of the pore diameter in the wide range (2.8–10 nm) permitted us, for the first time, to investigate the optical properties of the polymers on their transition from isolated macromolecules to a film. It is found that this transition depends on polymer type and occurs via the formation of new spatially independent structures of the polymers not observed in the spectra of the film, namely, via the formation of disordered and (or) ordered conformations of polymer chains and clusters

The project method in teaching future mathematics teachers

This paper deals with the problem of using the project method in teaching future mathematics teachers. The authors showed that one of such technologies is project training, which involves joint learning and cognitive activity of students, having a common goal, agreed ways of working. This paper notes also the need to use project technology, which consists in developing the ability of future teachers to have an analytical, creative thinking; self-acquisition of missing math knowledge from various sources; thinking, based on knowledge of mathematical facts, the laws of science; and ability to work in a team, performing various social role

The role of «proteolysis-antiproteolysis» system genes in occupational COPD development.

COPD is multifactorial disease, in which hereditary predisposition and environmental factors (including work conditions) play an important role. Among the genes associated with possible predisposition to COPD development a group of genes with the expression impacting the activity of “proteolysis-antiproteolysis – MMP2, MM9, TIMP2, A2M, ELN is considered. The main group of 72 underground coal miners with COPD (mean age 53,7±5,8 years, mean work experience – 21,8±4,8 years), and control group of 79 healthy miners (mean age – 48,2±5,6 years, mean work experience – 20,2±4,5 years) were examined. Polymorphism of genes with out bronchopulmonary pathology MMP9, α2M was revealed using PCR with electroforetic detection in agarosegel. Polymorphism of genes TIMP2, MMP2, ELN was revealed using PCR with fluorescent detection (RealTime PCR). By the data of molecular-genetic research among miners with COPD of occupational etiology (main group) and miners without it (control group) there was estabkished a reliable difference for the genotypes:MMP9*СС,TIMP2*GG; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CC,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/IIe,ELN*Gly/Gly; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CТ,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/Val,ELN*Gly/Gly; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CС,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/Val,ELN*Ser/Se; MMP9*СТ,MMP2*CC,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/IIe,ELN*Gly/Ser. These genotypes are associated with resistance for COPD development in underground coal miners ofUkraine. The obtained results testify to the participation of genes encoding protein synthesis of the system "proteolysantiproteolysis": MMP2, MMP9, TIMP2, A2M, ELN in the formation of genetic predisposition and resistance to the development of COPD of professional etiology in miners, which reveals new opportunities in the prevention of this disease in workers subject to the high concentrations of coal-rock dust

Узагальнена систематизація виробів спеціального призначення

The article classifies the types of the products for special purposes according to different classification groups. Generalized information about existing products for special applications and is characterized by the features of their design and manufacture. Collectively constructive and technological aspects of products to protect your head, hands, feet, special clothes in accordance with the specific industrial sector.В статье систематизированы разновидности изделий специального назначения по различным классификационным группировкам. Обобщенно информацию о существующих изделий специального назначения и охарактеризованы особенности их проектирования и изготовления. Обобщенно конструктивно-технологические аспекты изделий для защиты головы, рук, ног, специальной одежды в соответствии со спецификой производственной сферы .У статті систематизовано різновиди виробів спеціального призначення за різними класифікаційними угрупуваннями. Узагальнено інформацію щодо існуючих виробів спеціального призначення та охарактеризовано особливості їх проектування і виготовлення. Узагальнено конструктивно-технологічні аспекти виробів для захисту голови, рук, ніг, спеціального одягу відповідно до специфіки виробничої сфери

IMPROVEMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL SPECIALISTS DURING THE PERIOD OF REFORMING MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN UKRAINE

The article describes the need to determine the main directions and priorities of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Ukraine, which is conditioned by real political and socioeconomic processes. The main element here is the introduction and development of a formular system - a complex of management methods for the application of rational, organizational and cost-effective methods of supplying and using drugs to ensure, in specific conditions, high quality medical care and optimal use of available resources.Key words: pharmaceutical industry, pharmacist, pharmacist, higher education

The role of «proteolysis-antiproteolysis» system genes in occupational COPD development.

COPD is multifactorial disease, in which hereditary predisposition and environmental factors (including work conditions) play an important role. Among the genes associated with possible predisposition to COPD development a group of genes with the expression impacting the activity of “proteolysis-antiproteolysis – MMP2, MM9, TIMP2, A2M, ELN is considered. The main group of 72 underground coal miners with COPD (mean age 53,7±5,8 years, mean work experience – 21,8±4,8 years), and control group of 79 healthy miners (mean age – 48,2±5,6 years, mean work experience – 20,2±4,5 years) were examined. Polymorphism of genes with out bronchopulmonary pathology MMP9, α2M was revealed using PCR with electroforetic detection in agarosegel. Polymorphism of genes TIMP2, MMP2, ELN was revealed using PCR with fluorescent detection (RealTime PCR). By the data of molecular-genetic research among miners with COPD of occupational etiology (main group) and miners without it (control group) there was estabkished a reliable difference for the genotypes: MMP9*СС,TIMP2*GG; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CC,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/IIe,ELN*Gly/Gly; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CТ,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/Val,ELN*Gly/Gly; MMP9*СС,MMP2*CС,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/Val,ELN*Ser/Se; MMP9*СТ,MMP2*CC,TIMP2*G/G,α2M*IIe/IIe,ELN*Gly/Ser. These genotypes are associated with resistance for COPD development in underground coal miners ofUkraine. The obtained results testify to the participation of genes encoding protein synthesis of the system "proteolysantiproteolysis": MMP2, MMP9, TIMP2, A2M, ELN in the formation of genetic predisposition and resistance to the development of COPD of professional etiology in miners, which reveals new opportunities in the prevention of this disease in workers subject to the high concentrations of coal-rock dust