103 research outputs found
Beta-glucan attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal injury in a C57BL/J6 mouse model
Beta-glucans (βg), that have many useful effects on human health, are natural polysaccharides. Our aim in this study was to determine useful effect of βg against oxidative and neuronal damage caused by global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in stroke imitated mice via surgical operation. A total of 40 mice divided into four equal groups randomly. The group 1 (sham operated) was kept as control. Bilateral carotid arteries of subjects in group 2 (I/R) and group 4 (I/ R + βg) were clipped for 15 min, and the mice in group 4 (I/R + βg) were treated with βg (50 mg/kg/day), while the mice in group 2 (I/R) were treated with only vehicle for 10 days. The mice of group 3 (βg) were treated with βg for 10 days without carotid occlusion. Global cerebral I/R significantly increased oxidative stress and decreased members of antioxidant defense system. In addition, I/R caused histopathological damage in the brain tissue. However, βg treatment ameliorated both oxidative and histopathological effects of I/R. Our present study showed that βg treatment significantly ameliorated oxidative and histological damage in the brain tissue caused by cerebral I/R. Therefore, βg treatment can be used as supportive care for ischemic stroke patients
COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde serbest eczacıların anksiyete düzeyleri: İstanbul’da bir kesitsel araştırma
Community pharmacists have been on the frontlines during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Although the mental health and anxiety levels of many other health workers are studied in this period, literature is very limited to understand the experience of pharmacists. This study aims to define the anxiety level of community pharmacists in Istanbul during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify possible influencing factors. The population of the study is community pharmacists from pharmacies in Istanbul. In this cross-sectional study, 348 pharmacies are selected by simple random sampling. Participants are approached via telephone and inquired with questions about sociodemographic information, work conditions, COVID-19 specific concerns, and the Beck Anxiety Inven-tory. 239 (68.7%) pharmacists responded. This study identifies that, by the 6th month of the pandemic, the mean anxiety score of the pharmacists in Istanbul is 9.4±10.6, and 54.8% (n=134) of the participants is experiencing “minimal” anxi-ety. However, they have some COVID-19 specific concerns (becoming infected and transmitting the disease to family or environment) at high and extreme lev-els. Those concerns significantly increase the anxiety score. The findings of this study are promising for public health, as they show that community pharmacists could cope with the psychological effects of the pandemic.Eczacılar, 2019 Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19) pandemisi döneminde sağlık hizmetlerinin ön saflarında çalışmaktadır. Bu süreçte hastalarla birebir temas halinde olmaları ve çalışma şartlarındaki değişiklikler ruhsal iyilik hallerini etkileyebilir ve anksiyeteye sebep olabilir. Alanyazında COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde, diğer sağlık çalışanlarının ruhsal iyilik halleri ve anksiyete düzeylerine ilişkin araştırmalar mevcut iken araştırmalar eczacıların deneyimini anlamak için yetersizdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde İstanbul’da görev yapmakta olan eczacıların anksiyete düzeyini ve onu etkileyebilecek faktörleri tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın evreni İstanbul’daki eczanelerde görev yapan serbest eczacılardır. Kesitsel türdeki bu araştırmada basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile 348 eczane seçilmiştir. Seçilen eczanelere telefon ile ulaşılıp; sosyodemografik bilgiler, çalışma bilgileri ve COVID-19’a özgü endişeler hakkında sorular ile Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği maddeleri yöneltilmiştir. Örnek gruptaki eczacıların %68,7’ine (n=239) ulaşılmıştır. Pandeminin 6. ayı itibariyle İstanbul’daki eczacıların anksiyete ölçeği puanı ortalamasının 9,4±10,6 olduğu ve %54,8’inin (n=134) “minimal düzeyde anksiyete” sahibi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla beraber COVID-19’a özgü bazı endişelerinin (hastalığa yakalanma ve çevresine bulaştırma) çok ve aşırı çok hissedildiği ve bu endişelerin genel anksiyete puanını istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeylerde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç, eczacıların psikolojik olarak pandemiyle başa çıkabildiklerini göstermesi itibariyle halk sağlığı açısından ümit verici olarak yorumlanabilir
SİLLE, BİR KORUMA GELİŞTİRME PLANI VE SONRASI
Sille, which for some people it is a Byzantium village, for some other it is a Central Anatolian settlement dated to very old periods, where either Byzantines or Turks, as being Orthodox Christian and Muslim, lived together. Sille, which is known a very important centre up to the end of 19 Century, fell into a declining period at the end of that century, and accelerated its speed during the Post Exchanging period realized together with Lozan Agreement, and reached to the 21 Century. A slowly increasing interest, being not much as in old times, by Conservation Development Plan (CDP), providing tourism attraction, and the positive process experienced during conservation implementations (after 2004) have led to a significant activities in Sille. In this study, starting with the Sille case, it is tried to take the picture of conservation implementations in Turkey within the framework experienced during the period of 10 years after the approval of the plan, by examining the investigations carried out before CDP and the plan decisions taken. Sille, kimine göre bir Rum köyü, kimine göre Anadolu’nun ortasında hem Rumların, hem Türklerin Ortodoks Hristiyan ve Müslüman olarak birlikte yaşamış oldukları, tarihi çok eskilere dayanan bir Anadolu yerleşmesidir. 19. Yüzyılın sonlarına kadar önemli bir merkez olduğu bilinen Sille’nin, bu yüzyılın sonuna doğru yaşamaya başladığı bir gerileme dönemi hızını Lozan’la birlikte gerçekleşen Mübadele sonrası iyice arttırmış ve 21. Yüzyıla uzanabilmiştir. 2001 yılında onaylanan Koruma Amaçlı İmar Planı (KAİP) ile eskisi kadar olmasa da yavaş yavaş artan ilgi, turizm olgusunun isteklendirmesi ve koruma uygulamasında yaşanan olumlu süreç (2004 sonrası) Sille’de bir hareketlenmeye yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, Sille KAİP öncesi yapılan araştırmalar ve alınan plan kararlarını incelerken, plan onayını izleyen 10 yıllık süreçte yaşananlar çerçevesinde ülkemizdeki koruma uygulamasının Sille örneğinden hareketle bir fotoğrafını çekmeye çalışmaktadır
Pulmonary involvement in brucellosis: Case report
Bruselloz, Gram-negatif bakteri ailesinden Brusella türü bakterilerle oluşan zoonotik bir hastalı ktır. Bakteri başta retiküloendotelyal sistem olmak üzere eklem, kalp, böbrek gibi multisistemik tutulum gösterir. Bulaşma yollarından biri inhalasyon olmasına rağmen akciğer tutulumu nadirdir. Göğüs ağrısı, nefes darlığı şikayetiyle başvuran 72 yaşındaki kadın hasta pnömoni öntanısıyla yatırıldı. Yakınmaların antibiyotik tedavisiyle geçmemesi üzerine hastaya, pulmoner emboli düşünülerek çekilen bilgisayarlı tomografide trombüs saptanmadı; ancak, sol akciğer lingular segment, sağ orta lob ve iki taraflı alt loblarda buzlu cam opasitesi izlendi. Kan kültürlerinde Brusella üremesi üzerine spesifik antibiyoterapiye başlandı. Hastanın takiplerinde yan ağrısı düzeldi ve venöz tromboemboliyi düşündürecek herhangi bir gelişme olmadı.Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a Gramnegative bacillus of the Brucella gender. Involvement is multisystemic primarily affecting the reticuloendothelial system, joints, heart, and kidneys. Although the disease can be spread by inhalation, pulmonary involvement is rare. A 72-year-old female patient presented with complaints of chest pain and shortness of breath. She was admitted with a preliminary diagnosis of pneumonia. She did not respond to antibiotic therapy. Computed tomography performed for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism showed no evidence for thrombus, but ground glass opacities in the lingular segment of the left lung, the right middle lobe, and bilateral lower lobes. Specific antibiotic therapy was started upon detection of Brucella spp. by hemoculture. The patient's pain disappeared and no sign of venous thromboembolism was observed
Socioeconomic features and predisposing factors in patients with bronchiectasis
Amaç: Bu çalışmada bronşektazili olguların sosyoekonomik özelliklerini ve bronşektazi gelişiminde rol oynayabilecek faktörleri belirlemek amaçlandı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Altmış dokuz bronşektazi olgusu (43 erkek, 26 kadın; ort. yaş 53.7±15.6) geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Tüm hastaların bronşektazi gelişiminde rol oynayabilecek faktörler, eğitim düzeyleri, sigara, alkol kullanım öyküleri ve aylık gelir düzeyleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Olguların çoğunda bronşektazi gelişiminde rol oynayan birden fazla risk faktörü vardı. Pnömoni (%68), kızamık (%32), tüberküloz (%18) en sık nedenlerdi. Olguların %42'si ilkokul mezunu olup, %20'si hiç okula gitmemişti. Olguların %55'inde sigara, %19'unda alkol öyküsü vardı. Aylık gelir düzeyleri ise ortalama 438.2±363 YTL olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak bronşektazi sosyoekonomik düzeyi düşük olan bireylerin bir hastalığı olarak düşünüldü.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine socioeconomic features of cases with bronchiectasis and to determine predisposing factors which might play a role in the development of this condition. Patients and Methods: A total of 69 cases with bronchiectasis (43 males, 26 females; mean age 53.7±15.6 years) were retrospectively evaluated. Patients, totally in whom the was, predisposing factors for bronchiectasis, cigarette and alcohol consumptions, education and and monthly income levels were recorded. Results: Most of the cases multiple predisposing factors for bronchiectasis. Pneumonia (68%), measles (32%), and tuberculosis (18%) were the most common causes. Forty-two percent of the cases were primary school graduates and 20% never attended school. Fifty-five percent of the cases smoked cigarettes and 19% of the cases used alcohol. The mean monthly income was found to be 438.2±363 YTL. Conclusion: We concluded that bronchiectasis is prominent among individuals with low socioeconomic level
Update on Plum pox virus distribution in Turkey
Extensive surveys to determine the occurrence of Plum pox virus (PPV) in Turkey were carried out between 2007 and 2010 in commercial stone fruit orchards and nurseries, in non commercial stone fruit trees at other locations, and in rural and urban residential properties located in 56 of Turkey’s 81 provinces. A total of 5,762 samples were collected from almond, apricot, mahaleb, nectarine, plum, peach, sweet cherry and sour cherry and tested by biological indexing, DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR. Two hundred and twenty two samples from 4 regions (the Aegean region, the Central Anatolia region, the Marmara region and the Mediterranean region) were found to be infected with PPV. This virus has occurred in Turkey since 1968. This is the first record of PPV occurrence in Aksaray, Çanakkale, İzmir, Kayseri, and Konya provinces
Serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block: A technical report on the description of a novel periparavertebral block for thoracic pain
Background and objectiveWe report a novel block technique aimed to provide thoracic analgesia: the serratus posterior superior intercostal plane (SPSIP) block.DesignA cadaveric evaluation along with a retrospective case series evaluating the potential analgesic effect of the SPSIP block. This study included one unembalmed cadaver and five patients. InterventionsBilateral ultrasound-guided SPSIP block was used on cadavers with 30 mL of methylene blue 0.5% on each side; single-injection SPSIP blocks were used in patients. To measure results, dye spread was used in the cadaver, and dermatomal/pain score evaluation was used in patients.Main resultsAnatomical investigation in one unembalmed cadaver shows that its mechanism of action covers the rhomboid major muscle, erector spinae muscle, the deep fascia of the subscapularis/serratus anterior muscles, and intercostal nerves. In our patients, SPSIP resulted in an almost complete sensory block in the back of the neck, shoulder, and hemithorax.ConclusionOur cadaveric study shows extensive dye spread from C7 to T7. Patients who were administrated SPSIP block reported consistent dermatomal blockade from C3 to T10 levels of the hemitorax. The SPSIP block seems to be a safe, simple, and effective technique for thoracic analgesia
Prospective assessment of VI-RADS score in multiparametric MRI in bladder cancer: accuracy and the factors affecting the results
PURPOSEWe aimed to investigate the accuracy of Vesical Imaging - Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) in the detection of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and to determine which factors affect the results of this scoring system.METHODSA prospective data analysis of 80 patients who were detected to have bladder tumor was performed between March 2019 and October 2020. VI-RADS scoring was used to determine the probability of muscle invasion. The scores were compared with pathological results to evaluate the accuracy of the VI-RADS scoring system. Interobserver agreement was assessed by VI-RADS scoring of 20 randomly chosen patients by a different experienced radiologist.RESULTSUsing the VI-RADS scoring system, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) were 87.5%, 87.5%, 63.6%, and 96.6%, respectively. The interobserver agreement expressed as the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.44-0.84, P < .001). In addition, the flat appearance of the tumor was an important factor affecting the accuracy of the VI-RADS score (odds ratio: 5.3 [95% CI: 1.1-27.0] and relative risk: 1.87 [95% CI: 1.24-2.82]).CONCLUSIONThe mpMRI, used in conjunction with VI-RADS, has proven to be an effective imaging method for detecting muscle invasion in cases of bladder cancer. VI-RADS scoring system can distinguish whether there is a muscle-invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with acceptable accuracy. In addition, the flat appearance of the tumor is an important entity that can affect the accuracy of the VI-RADS scoring system
Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which
emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world
in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with
them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world
have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic
tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing
pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for-
ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary
sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the
world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel
approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi-
crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol-
ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies.
In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific
areas of health biotechnology are discussed
Manevi destek ve rehberliğin ortaokul öğrencilerinin akademik başarılarına ve sınav kaygılarına etkisi
Yaptığımız bu çalışmanın amacı, ilköğretim kurumlarından ortaokula devam eden
öğrencilerin sınav kaygılarını azaltarak akademik başarılarını arttırmaya yönelik
olarak manevi destek ve rehberliğin etkilerinin neler olduğu üzerine araştırma
yapmaktır. Belirlenen amaçlar doğrultusunda öğrencilerle yapılacak grup
toplantılarında manevi destek ve rehberliğin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve
sınav kaygıları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Grup toplantılarında "Bilişsel
Davranışçı Terapi" tekniği temel alınmıştır. Araştırmamızda ön test - son test kontrol
gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmamızın deney grubu ve kontrol grubu
Antalya ili Muratpaşa İlçesinde ilköğretim ortaokul düzeyinde öğrenim görüp gönüllü
olan ve yansız bir şekilde seçilen 20 öğrenci oluştur. West Side Sınav Kaygı Ölçeği
veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçek, 2007 yılında Driscoll tarafından
geliştirilen bir ölçektir. 2009 yılında Tarık Totan ve Yaşar Yavuz tarafından bu
ölçeğin Türkçe formunun oluşturulması ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Tarık
Totan ve Yaşar Yavuz tarafından 2009 yılında yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda, ölçek
öğrencilerin sınav kaygısı düzeyini ölçmede geçerlilik ve güvenirlik katsayısı yüksek
bir ölçme aracı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Grup toplantılarında gerçekleştirilen
Manevi Destek ve Rehberlik, West Side Sınav Kaygı Ölçeğinin Ön testte
uygulanmasından sonra gerçekleşmiştir. Son grup toplantısında son test
uygulanmıştır. Kurumsal verilerden yararlanılarak öğrencilerin akademik
başarılarının değişimi gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırma sonrasında elde edilen veriler
doğrultusunda Manevi Destek ve Rehberliğin sonrasında dua etme, tevekkül gibi dini
davranışlarda farkın anlamlı olmasından dolayı Manevi Destek ve Rehberlik ile sınav
kaygısı arasında olumlu ilişki olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Manevi Destek ve
Rehberlik sadece akademik başarı ve sınav kaygısının yanında ergenlik krizlerinin
azalması ve ahlaklı birey olarak çevre ile uyumlu davranışlar sergilemelerinde
yardımcı olmuştur.The purpose of this study is to conduct research on the effects of moral support and
guidance on increasing the academic success of students from primary school to
secondary school by reducing their exam anxiety. In line with the determined
objectives, the effect of moral support and guidance on students' academic success
and exam anxiety is examined in group meetings to be held with students. Group
meetings were based on the "Cognitive Behavioral Therapy" technique. In our
research, a pretest - posttest control group experimental design was used. The
experimental group and control group of our research consists of 20 students studying
at the primary and secondary school level in Muratpaşa District of Antalya province,
volunteering and selected impartially. West Side Exam Anxiety Scale was used as a
data collection tool. This scale is a scale developed by Driscoll in 2007. In 2009, the
Turkish form of this scale was created and reliability studies were carried out by
Tarık Totan and Yaşar Yavuz. As a result of this study conducted by Tarık Totan and
Yaşar Yavuz in 2009, the scale was evaluated as a measurement tool with a high
validity and reliability coefficient in measuring the test anxiety level of students.
Moral Support and Guidance provided in group meetings took place after the
application of the West Side Exam Anxiety Scale in the pre-test. The posttest was
administered at the last group meeting. Using institutional data, the change in
students' academic achievements was observed. In line with the data obtained after
the research, it can be said that there is a positive relationship between Spiritual
Support and Guidance and exam anxiety, as the difference in religious behaviors such
as prayer and trust in others is significant after Spiritual Support and Guidance.
Spiritual Support and Guidance has helped not only academic success and exam
anxiety, but also to reduce puberty crises and to behave as moral individuals in
harmony with the environment
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