19 research outputs found
Reliability and Validity of the Nursing Student Competency Assessment Instrument and Related Factors
The purpose of this study was to confirm the reliability and validity of the competency assessment index of nursing students and to identify the factors associated with competency. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on nursing students enrolled from April 2021 to March 2022. Principal component analysis and Cronbachās alpha coefficient were used to examine the reliability and validity of the competency factor structure. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze related factors. As a result, the reliability and validity of the factor structure of competency were statistically clarified. As related factors of competency, āgrade levelā and āthinking that learning in university education gives students confidenceā and ācognitive regulation strategiesā were identified. In the analysis by competency sub-factors, other than grade level,ļ¼» relationship buildingļ¼½ was affected by ābeing immersed in university education,ā ļ¼»ethical careļ¼½ and ļ¼»cooperation and collaborationļ¼½ by āthinking that learning in university education gives students confidenceā, andļ¼» health problem-solvingļ¼½ andļ¼» professional developmentļ¼½ by ācognitive regulation strategiesā. The importance of recommending experiential education in clinical practice, strengthening self-regulated learning strategies, and education to increase studentsā self-confidence were suggested. The results of this study contribute to the reconstruction of education in which competencies are shared with students
Fungal Secondary Metabolite Exophillic Acid Selectively Inhibits the Entry of Hepatitis B and D Viruses
Current anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs are suppressive but not curative for HBV infection, so there is considerable demand for the development of new anti-HBV agents. In this study, we found that fungus-derived exophillic acid inhibits HBV infection with a 50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.1 µM and a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of >30 µM in primary human hepatocytes. Exophillic acid inhibited preS1-mediated viral attachment to cells but did not affect intracellular HBV replication. Exophillic acid appears to target the host cells to reduce their susceptibility to viral attachment rather than acting on the viral particles. We found that exophillic acid interacted with the HBV receptor, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP). Exophillic acid impaired the uptake of bile acid, the original function of NTCP. Consistent with our hypothesis that it affects NTCP, exophillic acid inhibited infection with HBV and hepatitis D virus (HDV), but not that of hepatitis C virus. Moreover, exophillic acid showed a pan-genotypic anti-HBV effect. We thus identified the anti-HBV/HDV activity of exophillic acid and revealed its mode of action. Exophillic acid is expected to be a potential new lead compound for the development of antiviral agents
Fungal Secondary Metabolite Exophillic Acid Selectively Inhibits the Entry of Hepatitis B and D Viruses
Current anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs are suppressive but not curative for HBV infection, so there is considerable demand for the development of new anti-HBV agents. In this study, we found that fungus-derived exophillic acid inhibits HBV infection with a 50% maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.1 ĀµM and a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of >30 ĀµM in primary human hepatocytes. Exophillic acid inhibited preS1-mediated viral attachment to cells but did not affect intracellular HBV replication. Exophillic acid appears to target the host cells to reduce their susceptibility to viral attachment rather than acting on the viral particles. We found that exophillic acid interacted with the HBV receptor, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP). Exophillic acid impaired the uptake of bile acid, the original function of NTCP. Consistent with our hypothesis that it affects NTCP, exophillic acid inhibited infection with HBV and hepatitis D virus (HDV), but not that of hepatitis C virus. Moreover, exophillic acid showed a pan-genotypic anti-HBV effect. We thus identified the anti-HBV/HDV activity of exophillic acid and revealed its mode of action. Exophillic acid is expected to be a potential new lead compound for the development of antiviral agents