Empowering Female English Language Learners to Pursue Computer Science Fields: A Practical 4-Hour Workshop for Beginning Teachers in High School

Female English language learners (FELLs) are not taken under consideration when trying to attract new student populations to computer science fields. Frequently, females are studied cohesively without regard to their individual distinctions and challenges. This unique population has to overcome traditional gender perceptions and linguistic confronts when considering the field of computer science. This paper provides a practical four-hour workshop for novice teachers in high school that are eager to empower female English language learners (FELLs) that demonstrate potential or are interested in entering computer science fields. An overview of research within the last ten years is exhibited, which includes the current state of females in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, female attitudes toward computers and computer science, science content instruction strategies for English language learners (ELLs), and blogging as an educational tool. The provided practical workshop curriculum considers the linguistic, cultural, and computational needs of FELLs as well as the role of the family in assisting FELLs in pursuing computer science fields. The outlined four-hour workshop catered toward novice teachers in high school includes blogging strategies that involve basic html coding exercises, pair, group, and whole member activities, and Internet research exercises. Upon completion of the workshop, novice teachers will be ready to encourage FELLs to enter computer science fields

The Changing Phases of Power and Civil Administration in Benin Empire Before Colonialism

The paper examines the structure, nature and character of governance and civil administration in Pre-colonial Benin up to the period of its loss of independence to British colonial administration. It analyses the processes of change in Benin from the era of the Ogisos through the period of the republican administration to the establishment of monarchical system of government. Benin\u27s history from the earliest times to the beginning of colonial rule was dynamic and witnessed monumental changes in the structure and character of the empire. The monarchy had its fair share of the turbulence, but it remained the most resilient of all traditional institutions. The monarchy provided the pivot around which the forces of change gravitated; setting the pace and dictating the direction of its dynamism

Psycho-social Resilience and Risky HIV Behaviors among Black Males who have Sex with Males

The incidence rate of HIV among Black males having sex with Black males (BMSM) is high compared to that of other racial groups. Researchers have established the association between inappropriate sexual practices, age, income, and environmental determinants and HIV positive status among BMSM. Guided by resilience theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between HIV risk behavior and resiliency with the goal of identifying a new intervention to mitigate the HIV infection rate in the BMSM community. The theoretical framework used for this study was the resilience theory. This theory is concern with the phenomenon of why some people thrive after period of catastrophic adversity while others do not. A quantitative research design was used to test for a correlation between psychosocial resilience and HIV risk behavior. Fifty seven respondents were included in the study, 28 who were HIV positive, and 29 who were HIV negative. The Risky Behavior Questionnaire and the Resilience Survey were used to collect study data. The main study finding was a significant correlation between resilience and sex-related HIV risk behaviors, including unprotected sex, a lack of awareness of HIV status, multiple male sexual partners, and alcohol and drug use during sex. According to study findings, BMSM with higher resilience might be less likely to engage in sex-related HIV risk behaviors than those with low resilience. Strategies to mitigate HIV transmission could include resilience training. The benefit to the society would be reduced HIV infections transmission due to reduced risky HIV behaviors. The population social change would be the importance of the resiliency practice among BMSM in an effort to dispel the fear about the disease

Bacteriological and Physicochemical Qualities of Ebutte River in Ebutte Community, Uhunmwonde Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria

The bacteriological and physicochemical qualities of Ebutte River in Ebutte Community were carried out to ascertain the variation in the quality of the river between August, 2010 and January, 2011. The bacteriological and physicochemical assessments were studied using the basic microbiological techniques. The bacterial counts were shown to be highest in the inhabited point (3) while downstream (points 4 and 5) and upstream (points 1 and 2) recorded lower counts due to little or no human activities. The bacterial counts were higher than the acceptable limit of the WHO standards at all sampling points. The total viable counts ranged from 3.40 x 105 to 3.71 x 106cfu/ml for the months of August, 2010 to January, 2011. The bacterial counts were showed to be highest in the rainy season. The total coliform counts ranged from 27MPN/100ml to 350MPN/100ml while the faecal coliform counts ranged from 5MPN/100ml to 26MPN/100ml. The faecal Streptococci counts were recorded to range from <2MPN/100ml to 14MPN/100 and the Clostridium counts ranges from <2MPN/100ml to 6MPN/100ml. The bacterial isolates isolated and characterised includes eleven bacterial genera among which are Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Proteus, Clostridium and Shigella. The results of most of the physicochemical parameters analysed were shown to be higher at sampling point 3, which is the point that had direct effect of human activities. Similarly the values obtained for dissolved oxygen was shown to be lowest in the inhabited sampling point 3. Analysis of variance showed that there was a high significant difference (P<0.001) between total viable counts obtained in the two seasons while a significant difference (P<0.05) was obtained for total coliform counts and faecal coliform counts. Significant difference (P>0.05) was obtained for faecal Streptococci and Clostridium perfrigens counts. Correlation coefficient showed positive relationship between the total viable counts and some of the physicochemical parameters studied. The Ebutte River water quality studied based on the bacteriological and physicochemical parameters revealed that the human, animal and agricultural activities plays significant role in the contamination of the water source. @JASEMKeyword: Ebutte River, water quality, bacteriological and physicochemical parametersJ. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. Dec, 2011, Vol. 15 (4) 663- 67

Phytochemical Constituents, Haematological Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Isolated Oil of Rosary Pea (Abrus precatorius) in Wistar Rat Fed with High Lipid Diet

The study is aimed at investigating the phytochemical constituents and haematological activities of the isolated oil in Wistar rat fed with high lipid diet. Powdered leaves of Abrus precatorious were extracted and phytochemical screening was done according to prescribed standard methods, while vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) was adopted for oil isolation of the crude extract and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly arranged into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F) and treated under certain conditions. Haematological analyses were performed according to standard procedures. Saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and glycosides were present. Oil constituents like octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) (35.30%), a saturated fatty acid was among the components detected in the isolated brown oil. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the levels of white blood cells (WBC) among the experimental groups (D and E), while mean corpsular haemoglobin (MCH) increased significantly (p < 0.05) with experimental group E (receiving high dose of the extract). This study indicated that methanol extract of A. precatorius can offer protection against blockage or plaques caused by high lipid diet. Keywords: Abrus precatorius, phytochemicals, histology, haematolog

Harmony in health sector: a requirement for effective healthcare delivery in Nigeria

AbstractHarmony is defined as the pleasing combination of elements of a system to form an all-inclusive, all involving and more productive team. The aim of this present review was to investigate the factors militating against harmony among healthcare professional in the Nigerian healthcare delivery system. This review was carried out by searching through literature on the topic that bother on harmony among health professions in the health sector. Literature search and reports from previous studies indicates that harmony among health workers is pivotal to improving the health indices. However, available evidence suggests that unlike in the developed world, health care professionals do not collaborate well together in Nigeria because of the claim of superiority of a particular health professional over others. This has often resulted in inter-professional conflict which is threatening to tear the health sector apart to the detriment of the patients. The Nigeria health system should be based on team work. Health professionals from a variety of disciplines should work together to deliver the best possible healthcare services to all Nigerians. All members of the team are equally valuable and essential to the smooth running of hospitals. Hospitals should ideally be headed by health administrators or by a qualified member of any of the professions in the health sector

Oxygen uptake kinetics Of Pseudomonas sp. strain VB grown under limiting concentration of 2-methoxyethanol

Oxygen uptake and 2-methoxyethanol oxidation kinetics of 2-methoxyethanol degrading bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain VB were studied. The bacterium was grown under oxygen saturating conditions with limiting concentrations of 2-methoxyethanol. Pseudomonas sp. strain VB was found to utilize one mole of oxygen per one mole of 2-methoxyethanol as opposed to four moles of oxygen required for total oxidative metabolism. This indicates that intermediate metabolites are involved during the degradation of 2-methoxyethanol under aerobic conditions. Key Words: Oxygen uptake, 2-methoxyethanol, Pseudomonas sp. strain VB biodegradation. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.3(7) 2004: 353-35

The Color Ceiling: African Americans Still Fighting for Equity and Equality

There currently exists a unique ceiling-effect that has plagued the African American community for a number of years but due to the group being placed under the Glass Ceiling umbrella, the true nature of their issues have been vastly overlooked. To bring to light the true nature of these issues, the author created the term, Color Ceiling. The Color Ceiling refers to the invisible barriers that impede financial equity, employment equity, and promotional advancement for African Americans in the workplace specifically higher education

WAR AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN AFRICA: REFLECTIONS ON SEX RELATED ABUSES IN THE CONGOLESE, RWANDAN, LIBERIAN AND LIBYAN CONFLICTS

A normal, entirely peaceful and conflict-free world though, ‘generally’ desirable, is indeed utopia. Through the ages it has become increasingly manifest that war and peace are two sides of a coin. Put bluntly, wars of different kinds and degrees are common elements in human societies. To be sure, war is an organized, armed and usually prolonged conflict between groups, states and some other parties characterized by huge aggression, social disruption and normally, high mortality. However, sex-related crimes especially against women have increasingly become a regular feature in theatres of war across the world, particularly in Africa. This paper is a historical reconstruction of the trajectory of war time sex-related human rights violations in Africa, using the Congolese, Rwandan, Liberian and Libyan conflicts as case studies. The study shall examine the nature and dimensions of such violations, as well as their implications for sustainable development