822 research outputs found

    Influence of hydrogen bonds and temperature on dielectric properties

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    Dielectric properties are evaluated by means of molecular dynamics simulations on two model systems made up of dipolar molecules. One of them mimics methanol, whereas the other differs from the former only in the ability to form hydrogen bonds. Static dielectric properties such as the permittivity and the Kirkwood factor are evaluated, and results are analyzed by considering the distribution of relative orientations between molecular dipoles. Dipole moment–time correlation functions are also evaluated. The relevance of contributions associated with autocorrelations of molecular dipoles and with cross-correlations between dipoles belonging to different molecules has been investigated. For methanol, the Debye approximation for the overall dipole moment correlation function is not valid at room temperature. The model applies when hydrogen bonds are suppressed, but it fails upon cooling the nonassociated liquid. Important differences between relaxation times associated with dipole auto- versus cross-correlations as well as their relative relevance are at the root of the Debye model breakdown.Postprint (author's final draft

    Old Basque (medio)passives

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    Old Basque (medio)passives

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    De moscas y agresores muertos

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    La Primera Guerra Mundial y sus consecuencias: la imagen de Alemania en España a partir de 1914

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    In spite of the neutrality declared by the Spanish government during the Second World War, this European military conflict sparkles off an ardent clash between two camps: Germanophiles and Francophiles, that is, between the defenders of the German Empire and those who support France. At the beginning of the 20th century there is an enormous interest in the German culture among the Spanish people; however, the image of Germany in Spain changes radically from 1914. The Spanish press echoes this ideological confrontation which is leaded by the intellectuals of the moment. The most representative figures of the Spanish thinking take an active part in politics, signing passionate manifestos that are published in the most important newspapers. The inclusion of a majority of influential intellectuals in the anti-German camp generates a social rejection and a generalized lack of interest in the German culture in Spain
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