137 research outputs found

    La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia Departamento de Casanare y Boyacá.

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    El presente documento aborda el tema de acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, donde con diferentes ejercicios y casos, se analiza y valora eventos psicosociales traumáticos desde el enfoque narrativo, del mismo modo, se plantean preguntas de tipo estratégico, circular y reflexiva, con las cuales se explora información estableciendo conexiones que promueven y profundizan la autobservación en la persona, para que pase de ser víctima a sobreviviente, posteriormente se realiza una comprensión de la dimensión psicosocial y problematización de los fenómenos de violencia, a partir de ello se plantean acciones de intervención en crisis y estrategias psicosociales que potencian los recursos de afrontamiento colectivo. Finalmente, se presenta un trabajo de foto voz con la cual se identifican y visualizan problemas sociales al tiempo que se genera de una reflexión sobre la realidad social del mismo.This document deals with the subject of psychosocial accompaniment in violence scenarios, where with different exercises and cases, traumatic psychosocial events are analyzed and evaluated from the narrative perspective, in the same way, questions of a strategic, circular and reflexive type are posed, with the information is explored by establishing connections that promote and deepen the self-observation in the person, so that the victim passes afterwards, later an understanding of the psychosocial dimension and the problematization of the phenomena of violence is made, hence intervention actions are proposed in crisis and psychosocial strategies that enhance the resources of the struggle against the collective. Finally, a voice photo work is presented with which social problems are identified and visualized while generating a reflection on the social reality of the same

    The Assessment of Myocardial Longitudinal Strain in a Paediatric Spanish Population Using a New Software Analysis

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    Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) has been present for years. However, it is underutilized due to the expertise and time requirements for its analysis. Our aims were to provide strain values in a paediatric Spanish population and to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of a new strain software analysis in our environment. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 156 healthy children aged 6 to 17 years. Longitudinal strain (LS) analysis of the left ventricle, right ventricle, and left atrium was performed. Feasibility and reproducibility were assessed. The associations of clinical and echocardiographic variables with strain values were investigated by multivariate analysis. Results: Mean age was 11 ± 3 years (50% female). Feasibility of LS measurement ranged from 94.2% for left ventricle global LS (LVGLS) to 98.1% for other chamber strain parameters. Strain values were 26.7 ± 2.3% for LVGLS; 30.5 ± 4.4% and 26.9 ± 4% for right ventricle free wall LS (RVFWLS) and four chambers view LS (RV4CLS) respectively; and 57.8 ± 10.5%, 44.9 ± 9.5%, and 12.9 ± 5.5% for left atrium LS reservoir phase (LALSr), conduct phase (LALScd) and contraction phase (LALSct), also respectively. Body surface area (BSA) and age presented a negative correlation with strain values. Higher values were found in females than in males, except for LALScd. Excellent intra- and inter-observer reproducibility were found for right and left ventricular strain measurement, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranging from 0.88 to 0.98, respectively. In conclusion, we described strain values in a healthy Spanish paediatric population. LS assessment by this new strain analysis software by semi-automatic manner was highly feasible and reproducible

    Investigación de las causas que ocasionaron el accidente de trabajo de atrapamiento de dedos de la mano en el mes de febrero del año 2023 en la empresa instrumentación S.A.

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    Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las causas que ocasionan los accidentes laborales por atrapamiento de dedos de las manos durante la ejecución del mantenimiento de equipos biomédicos, en la compañía Instrumentación S.A. cuya actividad económica es la comercialización de estos y la prestación de servicio de mantenimiento preventivo y correctivo en las clínicas y hospitales. Se plantea el problema y los objetivos se explica el porqué de dicha investigación en la justificación y por último se presentan los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan el proyecto dentro del marco teórico; explicándose de forma detallada, coherente y siguiendo un paso a paso; especificando el qué, cuando, donde, fecha, lugar, causas, consecuencias y partes que intervienen.El marco metodológico propuesto se encuentra direccionado a plantear los resultados del proyecto de investigación, se implementa un diseño de no experimental de manera transeccional con un enfoque cuantitativo correlacional ,abarcando información relevante como la descripción sociodemográfica de los empleado, la muestra y el estudio explicación de la información recolectada, aplicando la metodología del árbol de causas para la investigación del accidente, también hace parte de ello los diferentes juicios de incorporación y supresión de los participantes. Con de los resultados obtenidos y el análisis de las causas identificadas, se recomienda implementar medidas de seguridad en la manipulación de los equipos, la identificación y gestión de riesgos en el lugar de trabajo, la formación, la capacitación y la actualización de los conocimientos son esenciales para garantizar la seguridad y salud de los trabajadores

    Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica hospitalizados en un centro de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, durante el año 2015

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    Introducción: la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una condición que cursa con limitación del flujo aéreo espiratorio e inflamación crónica de las vías aéreas, y que representa un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial.Objetivo. Determinar el perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes con EPOC en una institución hospitalaria de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia.Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal, con una muestra de 50 pacientes, con diagnóstico clínico o espirométrico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, atendidos de forma intrahospitalaria en una institución privada en Medellín durante el año 2015. A las variablescuantitativas se les calculó el promedio, desviación estándar y valores mínimo y máximo.A las cualitativas, medidas de nivel nominal y ordinal y se les estimaron proporciones.Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 73,5±9,3 años, el 52% fueron mujeres. El promedio de tiempo de diagnóstico fue de 7,8±1,3 años. Las características clínicas más frecuentes fueron las siguientes: el 36% tenía como clasificación estadio D para la enfermedad, el 34% tenía VEF1 <30%, el 88% tenían antecedente de tabaquismo y el 52% utilizaba oxígeno en casa.Conclusiones: La mayoría de nuestra población fue clasificada como GOLD categoría D, con una limitación grave del flujo aéreo espiratorio (VEF1 < 30%) y requerimiento de uso de oxígeno domiciliario. Lo anterior indica un inadecuado control de la enfermedad, debido, probablemente, al contexto intrahospitalario de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio

    Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in young adults

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    Background The clinical manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) usually appear in adulthood, however pediatric series report a high morbidity. The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of ADPKD in young adults. Methods Family history, hypertension, albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and imaging tests were examined in 346 young adults (18-30 years old) out of 2521 patients in the Spanish ADPKD registry (REPQRAD). A literature review searched for reports on hypertension in series with more than 50 young (age <30 years) ADPKD patients. Results The mean age of this young adult cohort was 25.24 (SD 3.72) years. The mean age at diagnosis of hypertension was 21.15 (SD 4.62) years, while in the overall REPQRAD population was aged 37.6 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 28.03% and increased with age (18-24 years, 16.8%; 25-30 years, 36.8%). Although prevalence was lower in women than in men, the age at onset of hypertension (21 years) was similar in both sexes. Mean eGFR was 108 (SD 21) mL/min/1.73 m(2), 38.0% had liver cysts and 3.45% of those studied had intracranial aneurysms. In multivariate analyses, hematuria episodes and kidney length were independent predictors of hypertension (area under the curve 0.75). The prevalence of hypertension in 22 pediatric cohorts was 20%-40%, but no literature reports on hypertension in young ADPKD adults were found. Conclusions Young adults present non-negligible ADPKD-related morbidity. This supports the need for a thorough assessment of young adults at risk of ADPKD that allows early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. Lay Summary Impairment of renal function usually develops from the fourth decade of life in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, hypertension precedes the onset of renal insufficiency. In published pediatric series, the prevalence of hypertension is 20%-40%. However, clinical information on young adults with ADPKD is scarce. We present the largest cohort of young adults (age 18-30 years) with ADPKD published to date. Prevalence of hypertension is 28% and increases with age, reaching 36.8% in the subgroup aged 25-30 years, despite normal glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria. The prevalence of hypertension is higher in males, but the mean age at diagnosis (21 years) was similar in both sexes. Young adults present non-negligible ADPKD-related morbidity. This supports the need for a thorough assessment that allows early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, before decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be especially useful in this regard.11 página

    How does neighbourhood socio-economic status affect the interrelationships between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis? A network analysis approach

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    The links between psychosis and socio-economic disadvantage have been widely studied. No previous study has analysed the interrelationships and mutual influences between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis (FEP) according to their neighbourhood household income, using a multidimensional and transdiagnostic perspective. 170 patients and 129 controls, participants in an observational study (AGES-CM), comprised the study sample. The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) was used to assess functioning, whereas participants' postcodes were used to obtain the average household income for each neighbourhood, collected by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). Network analyses were conducted with the aim of defining the interrelationships between the different dimensions of functioning according to the neighbourhood household income. Our results show that lower neighbourhood socioeconomic level is associated with lower functioning in patients with FEP. Moreover, our findings suggest that “household responsibilities” plays a central role in the disability of patients who live in low-income neighbourhoods, whereas “dealing with strangers” is the most important node in the network of patients who live in high-income neighbourhoods. These results could help to personalize treatments, by allowing the identification of potential functioning areas to be prioritized in the treatment of FEP according to the patient's neighbourhood characteristic
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