Prays oleae (Bernard), its potential predators and biocontrol depend on the structure of the surrounding landscape

Arthropod populations from agricultural fields sometimes depend on the surrounding landscape structure, both composition and configuration, which affects multiple life-history traits of arthropods such as resources for survival, dispersion or death risk (e.g., predation or parasitism). Moreover, the effect of the landscape may vary with the distance to the crop, depending on factors such as the organism requirements and dispersion capabilities. This work addresses the effect of landscape (at five different scales from 250 to 1500 m) on the olive moth (Prays oleae Bernard, a key pest in olive orchards), some of its most relevant natural enemies, and biological control. The two-years study in 15 olive groves in southeastern Madrid, Spain shows that landscape complexity favours control of the olive moth, P. oleae. Simple landscapes favour P. oleae attack to the crop (measured as oviposition of the anthophagous generation) and that egg predation of the carpophagous generation is in some cases enhanced in complex landscapes. Lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) are responsible for egg predation and populations increase in complex landscapes. On the other hand, the role of pirate bugs (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) as a biological control agent of this part of the life cycle of P. oleae was not demonstrated. They respond primarily to Euphyllura olivina (Costa) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) populations and are more abundant in simple landscapes. Most of the significant relationships of pest attack were detected at 750–1000 m radii buffers around the sampled olive groves suggesting that this is the main activity range for adults of P. oleae anthophagous generation. In sum, our results suggest complex configurations of the landscape enhance the biological control of P. oleae through favouring lacewings and egg predation of the carpophagous generation

Renovación de las prácticas de Ecología: Aprendiendo Ecología Acuática

Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y EvoluciónFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFac. de Ciencias BiológicasFALSEsubmitte

Estudio de comunidades de matorral mediterráneo I

Conjunto de guiones de prácticas de Ecología, correspondientes al bloque temático sobre el estudio de comunidades, y material complementario (estadillo y plantilla para la matriz de datos)

Guía Rápida de SPSS v.25 (Prácticas de Ecología)

Guía rápida de SPSS v.25 para usar en las Prácticas de Ecología (Grado en Biología, 3er curso

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

Papel de los bancos de semillas en pastizales mediterráneos

Tesis doctoral inédita. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología, Fecha de lectura: 26-4-9

Papel de los bancos de semillas en pastizales mediterraneos Variabilidad espacio-temporal y respuestas al abandono del pastoreo

Centro de Informacion y Documentacion Cientifica (CINDOC). C/Joaquin Costa, 22. 28002 Madrid. SPAIN / CINDOC - Centro de Informaciòn y Documentaciòn CientìficaSIGLEESSpai

Influence of the surrounding landscape on olive fruit fly populations

This work reports on the relationship between landscape composition and configuration of land uses and the population density of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, a worldwide key pest of olive trees. The relationship was tested at different distances from the olive fruit fly sampling points, in circular areas with radii ranging from 500 to 2000 m. A significant relationship was found at short distances for the following indices: total number of patches, mean patch size, total length of patch edges, edge density and mean patch edge length. These results indicate that landscape features can affect populations of this phytophagous insect. However, more detailed understanding of the processes underlying this phenomenon is needed to implement measures to manage this important species

Tendencias radiales de la densidad y sus componentes en Pinus nigra Arn. de la Península Ibérica

Las tendencias radiales de la densidad media del anillo y sus componentes: densidades de las maderas inicial y final y textura en Pinus nigra Arn. son ajustadas a las maderas juvenil y madura mediante un modelo cúbico-lineal de regresión segmentada. Este método permite comparar las tendencias radiales y estimar la edad de transición entre las maderas juvenil y madura. La densidad de la madera final y la textura determinan la densidad media del anillo y las peculiares características tecnológicas de la madera de Pinus nigra Arn. No se encuentran efectos significativamente diferentes entre las dos procedencias analizadas (Serranía de Cuenca y Sierras de Cazorla-Segura), pero algunas diferencias entre localidades son relacionadas con los factores genéticos o ambientales. La calidad de estación tiene una influencia más significativa sobre la densidad media del anillo y la textura que sobre las densidades de las maderas inicial y final. Se discute este efecto no reflejado en la bibliografía y se evidencia la importancia de la textura en los patrones radiales y axiales de esta madera

Quantitative evaluation of the spatial resilience to the B. oleae pest in olive grove socio-ecological landscapes at different scales

Spatial resilience quantification can be a useful tool for land planning and management in agricultural systems to predict the appropriate control of disturbances such as pest infections. We proposed an index of spatial resilience based on landscape indicators related to the abundance of the most important pest of Mediterranean olive groves, Bactrocera oleae. The index was applied in two olive regions in Andalusia, Estepa and Sierra de Segura. Additionally, spatial resilience was measured at different spatial scales to verify its capacity as an indicator and to provide appropriate solutions for each type of stakeholder. The spatial scales were: i) circular areas of 1500 m radius that involved farms and a wide area of their spatial context, ii) municipalities, and iii) the entire region (a quality production-designated area). At all scales, the calculated spatial resilience was lower in Estepa than in Sierra de Segura because of the proportion of olive groves in Estepa, the size of their patches, and their spatial connectivity promoting a greater homogeneity of the landscape; additionally, the proportion of scrubland areas and the fragmentation of the landscape were smaller. Finally, we discussed the direct implications of spatial resilience for land planning to favour pest control and indirect implications for the conservation of biodiversity in the framework of a sustainable agricultural production of olive groves. The application of the spatial resilience index would contribute to an objective assessment of the ecological quality of the agricultural landscape, a basic requirement for the perception of environmental subsidies by farmers from different administration