Social support from developmental contexts and adolescent substance use and well-being: a comparative study of Spain and Portugal

The aim of this study was to analyse the contribution of social support from family, friend and school (teacher and classmate) contexts in substance use (tobacco and alcohol use) and well-being (life satisfaction and health-related quality of life). Participants were 5,784 Portuguese and 22,610 Spanish adolescents aged 11 to 16 years, from the 2014 edition of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Portugal and Spain. Results showed that for a higher life satisfaction, family ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .032), teacher ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .018) and classmate ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .031) support were important in Portugal, and family ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .056) and friend ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .015) support in Spain. Similarly, for a better health-related quality of life, all the social support variables were relevant in Portugal (family: p < .001, partial η 2 = .063; teacher: p < .001, partial η 2 = .032; classmate: p < .001, partial η 2 = .054; friend: p < .001, partial η 2 = .034) and in Spain (family: p < .001, partial η 2 = .054; teacher: p < .001, partial η 2 = .014; classmate: p < .001, partial η 2 = .018; friend: p < .001, partial η 2 = .040). In contrast, only family support ( p < .001, partial η 2 = .014) was relevant in Portugal for tobacco use. Therefore, social support was more relevant for adolescent well-being than for adolescent substance use, and the most relevant source of support was family support, in both Spain and Portugal

Effects of plasma rich in growth factors on wound healing of the tongue. Experimental study in rabbits

Objectives: To apply autologous Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) in wounds provoked in the tongue of New Zealand albino rabbits and to study its effects in the epithelialization and inflammation of the wounds at 7 and 28 days after its application.Study Design: A prospective study carried out on 20 adult rabbits. Two wounds were made on the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue in each animal, one control, and the other in which PRGF was applied. A histological study of the epithelialization and inflammation of wounds at 7 and 28 days was made.Results: At 7 days were not observed differences between the study group and the control, nevertheless at 28 days all the wounds in which we applied the PRGF were completely epithelialized and with resolution of the inflammatory process, finding significant differences with respect to the control (p=0.031) and (p=0.023).Conclusions: The PRGF accelerates epithelialization and reduces inflammation at 28 days of provoking wounds in the oral mucosa

Correlación entre el suministro de extracto de ajo en pollos Broiler como promotor de crecimiento

En los sistemas de producción avícola, la alimentación e incorporación de aditivos y/o suplementos juega un papel importante en el desarrollo de los animales, también en el rendimiento económico productivo. Se pretende realizar la comparación en ganancia de peso diario (GPD), costos de producción (CP), palatabilidad de canal (PC), rendimientos de carne en ala, pierna y pernil en de los pollos Broiler de engorde, el estudio tuvo un periodo de 40 días, con el fin de evaluar los efectos del uso de sustancias como fuentes precursoras de ganancia de peso y crecimiento de las aves. Para el desarrollo del estudio se realizó una distribución y selección de dos grupos homogéneos conformados por 10 animales o réplicas, de 3 días de edad. A cada grupo de animales se le asignó un tratamiento, el tratamiento control consistió en el suministro convencional de concentrado comercial para pollos de engorde marca Contegral según recomendaciones de la casa incubadora de donde proviene los animales, el segundo tratamiento se agregó el concentrado y el extracto de ajo en proporción al 2%. Para la cuantificación de las variables y análisis estadístico de los resultados se utilizó un diseño estadístico completamente al azar apoyados en el Spss20 mediante las pruebas de Dunkan, Tukey y chi cuadrado.In poultry production systems, feeding and incorporation of additives and / or supplements plays an important role in the development of animals, also in the productive economic performance. Pretending to achieve the comparisón in weight gain diary (GPD), production cost (CP), channel palatability (PC), meat yields in wing, leg and pernil in broiler chickens for fattening, the study had a period of 40 days, with I have finely evaluated the successful outcome of the plenary's pre-eminence and growth of birds. For the development of the study a distribution and selection of two homogeneous groups was made conformed by 10 animals or replicas of 3 days of age. To drop the group of animals assigned a treatment, the control treatment consisted of the conventional supply of The commercial concentration of the trade mark Context according to recommendations of the house incubator where the animals come from, the second treatment was added concentrate in an extract of less than 2%. For the quantification of the variables and statistical analysis of the results used a design statistic completely randomly supported in the Spss20 by the Dunkan tests, Tukey and chi square

A web-based Learning Didactical Design for Training Teachers in the Incorporation of Technology to the English Classroom

La enseñanza y aprendizaje remotos por emergencia durante pandemia han demostrado la urgente necesidad de capacitar a los docentes en la incorporación tecnología al aula de clase. En la enseñanza del inglés (ELT), esta necesidad se convierte en una exigencia debido a que el uso de herramientas digitales posibilita el desarrollo de la competencia cultural e intercultural mediante el acercamiento de los estudiantes a registros auténticos en hablantes nativos, y variaciones de la lengua objetivo en hablantes de inglés pertenecientes a otras lenguas. La revisión literaria demuestra que modelos, como el T-Pack de Mishra and Koehler’s, el SAMR de Puentedura, y el SOSE de Salem, muestran como guiar este proceso de integración de las TIC en educación en general, pero no existe un diseño didáctico que describa concretamente los procedimientos para capacitar docentes de inglés. El presente artículo busca describir y sustentar teóricamente un Diseño Didáctico basado en la Web para entrenar docentes de inglés en el uso de las TIC en ELT. El Diseño es parte de la fase de intervención de un estudio que persigue establecer sus efectos en la Competencia Digital Docente utilizando el marco del DigCompEdu en tres poblaciones de docentes de inglés en Colombia.The remote teaching and learning for emergency lived during Pandemic Times has demonstrated the urgent need to train teachers in the incorporation of technology into their classrooms. In English Language Teaching (ELT), this need becomes a must since the use of digital tools enables the development of Cultural and Intercultural Competence by approaching authentic language registers in native speakers of English, and variations of the language in speakers of English from other languages.  A conducted literature review shows that models like Mishra and Koehler’s T-Pack, Puentedura’s SAMR, and Salem’s SOSE shed light on how to lead this process of ICT integration to education in general; but there is not a didactical design that describes concrete procedures on how to train English Teachers in this issue. The current article aims at describing and supporting theoretically a conceived Web-based Didactical Design for training English teachers in the use of ICT for ELT, based on the analysis of existing models. The Didactical Design is part of the planned intervention of a study that intends to find out its effects in Teachers’ Digital Competence using the DigCompEdu framework, in three groups of basic, middle, high school, and Tertiary Education English teachers from Colombia

Comparison of Microcystis aeruginosa (PCC7820 and PCC7806) growth and intracellular microcystins content determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay anti-Adda and phosphatase bioassay

Cyanobacteria are able to produce several metabolites that have toxic effects on humans and animals. Among these cyanotoxins, the hepatotoxic microcystins (MC) occur frequently. The intracellular MC content produced by two strains of Microcystis aeruginosa, PCC7806 and PCC7820, and its production kinetics during the culture time were studied in order to elucidate the conditions that favour the growth and proliferation of these toxic strains. Intracellular MC concentrations measured by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (MS) were compared with those obtained by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) anti-Adda and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibition assays. It has been demonstrated there are discrepancies in the quantification of MC content when comparing ELISA and LC-MS results. However, a good correlation has been obtained between PP2A inhibition assay and LC-MS. Three MC were identified using LC-MS in the PCC7806 strain: MC-LR, demethylated MC-LR and a new variant detected for the first time in this strain, [MeSer7] MC-LR. In PCC7820, MC-LR, D-Asp3-MCLR, Dglu(OCH3)-MCLR, MC-LY, MC-LW and MC-LF were identificated. The major one was MC-LR in both strains, representing 81 and 79% of total MC, respectively. The total MC content in M. aeruginosa PCC7820 was almost three-fold higher than in PCC7806 extracts.Centro de Investigaciones Cietíficas y Técnicas AGL 2006–06523/ AL

Descripción del cierzo, el levante y el poniente a través del reanálisis de alta resolución COSMO-REA6 para el periodo 2000-2018

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]Los vientos regionales suelen producirse mediante diferencias de presión que generan flujos de aire en áreas muy específicas. Cuando transitan a través de canales como valles o estrechos, dichos flujos adquieren un rango de direcciones particular y una velocidad considerable. Los reanálisis actuales no son capaces de describirlos dado que con frecuencia su resolución espacial no es lo suficientemente alta como para tener en cuenta las características orográficas con las que se relacionan. En este trabajo exploramos la aplicación del reanálisis de alta resolución (0,055º) COSMO-REA6 para estudiar el cierzo en el valle del Ebro y el levante y el poniente en el estrecho de Gibraltar, en el periodo 2000-2018. Con un umbral de 5 m/s y un rango direccional específico para cada viento, se obtienen alrededor de 95, 85 y 82 días de viento regional por año, respectivamente. Existe un acuerdo razonable en las estadísticas principales y los ciclos anuales, pese a cierta subestimación, respecto a la pequeña cantidad de datos observacionales disponibles. A partir del reanálisis, la extensión media anual de estos vientos, aunque con gran variabilidad, se da sobre 18000 kilómetros cuadrados para los vientos del estrecho y por encima de 25000 para el cierzo. Los patrones atmosféricos analizados asociados a los días de vientos regionales obtenidos son consistentes con otros trabajos parciales previos sobre vientos en la Península. Este estudio pretende contribuir a aumentar el conocimiento existente sobre vientos regionales en Europa.[EN]Regional winds are usually generated by pressure differences that produce air flows in very specific areas. When they pass through the Ebro Valley or the Strait of Gibraltar from the Iberian Peninsula, these flows acquire a particular range of directions and a considerable speed. Most of current reanalyses are unable to describe them since their spatial resolution is often not high enough to take into account the orographic features to which they are related. In this paper we explore the application of high-resolution reanalysis (0.055º) COSMO-REA6 to study Cierzo in the Ebro Valley and Levante and Poniente in the Strait of Gibraltar in the period 2000-2018. With a threshold of 5 m/s and a specific directional range for each wind, around 95, 85 and 82 regional wind days per year are obtained, respectively. There is reasonable agreement on main statistics and annual cycles, despite some underestimation, between COSMO-REA6 and the small amount of available observational data. The average annual wind extension, although with great variability, is around 18000 km2 for the winds of the Strait and over 25000 for Cierzo. Some of the weather regimes associated with these regional winds, as obtained by the reanalysis, present similarities with the literature. This study aims to increase the scarce existing knowledge about regional winds in Europe, which may be important in relation to renewable energies or anthropogenic climate change.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por las becas predoctorales [2020/3836] y [2018/12504] de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha y el Fondo Social Europeo, así como por el proyecto nacional PID2020-118210RB-C21 (EMERGENTES100) del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y la Agencia Estatal de Investigación

Análisis de la energía eólica y la demanda energética en condiciones actuales de ola de calor en el sur de Europa

Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.[ES]Las energías renovables están ganando importancia en el mix energético, aumentando la dependencia del sistema energético del clima. En Europa, los estudios se han centrado en los patrones atmosféricos relacionados con la producción de energía eólica en invierno, ya que el recurso eólico es mayor, y la demanda para calefacción es mayor y más estable. Se ha prestado menos atención a la producción eólica en verano, cuando la demanda de energía puede ser igualmente elevada para refrigeración en el sur del continente debido a las altas temperaturas. En verano los valores de viento son habitualmente más bajos, por lo que un aumento potencial en la demanda de energía durante una ola de calor podría comprometer el suministro total de energía eólica. En este trabajo se han analizado las condiciones combinadas de viento, demanda energética y patrones atmosféricos durante el verano (1989-2019) en el sur de Europa para estudiar el riesgo de que se puedan dar esas circunstancias. Para ello, se ha empleado el viento a 100 m del reanálisis ERA5 para calcular un modelo de producción eólica, así como el geopotencial en 500 hPa para calcular los principales patrones atmosféricos de verano. Las temperaturas máximas se han extraído de las observaciones en malla E-OBS, y la demanda energética del servicio climático europeo Copernicus.[EN]Renewable energies are gaining importance in the energy mix, increasing the dependence of the energy system on the climate. In Europe, studies have focused on atmospheric patterns related to wind energy production in winter, since the wind resource is greater, and the demand for heating is greater and more stable in Europe. Less attention has been paid to wind production in summer, when energy demand can be equally high for cooling in the south of the continent due to high temperatures. In summer, wind values are typically lower, so a potential increase in energy demand during a heat wave could compromise the total supply of wind energy. In this work, the combined conditions of wind power, energy demand and atmospheric patterns during the summer (1989-2019) in southern Europe have been analyzed to study the risk that these circumstances to occur. For this, the wind at 100 m from the ERA5 reanalysis has been used to calculate a wind production model, as well as the geopotential at 500 hPa to calculate the main summer atmospheric patterns. The maximum temperatures have been extracted from the E-OBS observational mesh database, and the energy demand from the European climate service Copernicus.Este trabajo ha sido apoyado por una beca predoctoral de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), financiada por el Fondo Social Europeo (FSE)

Dengue virus infection of blood-brain barrier cells: consequences of severe disease

More than 500 million people worldwide are infected each year by any of the four-dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. The clinical spectrum caused during these infections is wide and some patients may develop neurological alterations during or after the infection, which could be explained by the cryptic neurotropic and neurovirulent features of flaviviruses like DENV. Using in vivo and in vitro models, researchers have demonstrated that DENV can affect the cells from the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in several ways, which could result in brain tissue damage, neuronal loss, glial activation, tissue inflammation and hemorrhages. The latter suggests that BBB may be compromised during infection; however, it is not clear whether the damage is due to the infection per se or to the local and/or systemic inflammatory response established or activated by the BBB cells. Similarly, the kinetics and cascade of events that trigger tissue damage, and the cells that initiate it, are unknown. This review presents evidence of the BBB cell infection with DENV and the response established toward it by these cells; it also describes the consequences of this response on the nervous tissue, compares these evidence with the one reported with neurotropic viruses of the Flaviviridae family, and shows the complexity and unpredictability of dengue and the neurological alterations induced by it. Clinical evidence and in vitro and in vivo models suggest that this virus uses the bloodstream to enter nerve tissue where it infects the different cells of the neurovascular unit. Each of the cell populations respond individually and collectively and control infection and inflammation, in other cases this response exacerbates the damage leaving irreversible sequelae or causing death. This information will allow us to understand more about the complex disease known as dengue, and its impact on a specialized and delicate tissue like is the nervous tissue

Alteration of oxidative stress biomarkers in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to repeated doses of Cylindrospermopsin by different exposure routes

Ejemplar dedicado a: Monográfico sobre Seguridad Alimentaria: Las cianobacterias tienen capacidad de sintetizar una gran variedad de metabolitos secundarios, identificándose entre ellos la Cilindrospermopsina (CYN), toxina principalmente citotóxica. En general, la exposición a esta molécula se caracteriza por una toxicidad tardía sobre múltiples órganos, principalmente hígado y riñón. Se han sugerido varios mecanismos de acción tóxica: inhibición de la síntesis de proteínas y de glutatión y más recientemente el estrés oxidativo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar la influencia del tiempo y de la vía de exposición sobre la inducción de estrés oxidativo como mecanismo de acción tóxica asociado a la patogenicidad de CYN, en pescados de consumo público, Tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus), expuestos a dosis repetidas de la toxina mediante inmersión en biomasa de Aphanizomenon ovalisporum o por vía oral con células liofilizadas de A. ovalisporum durante tres períodos de 7, 14 y 21 días. Los biomarcadores ensayados en hígado y riñón de los peces fueron: peroxidación lipídica, oxidación de proteínas, oxidación del ADN, las actividades glutatión-Stransferasa, glutatión peroxidasa, superóxido dismutasa, catalasa γglutamilcisteín sintetasa, y la relación glutatión reducido y oxidado (GSH/GSSG). Se observó una inducción de estrés oxidativo en hígado y riñón de las tilapias expuestas a dosis repetidas de CYN, manifestado por una alteración en los niveles de peroxidación lipídica, oxidación de proteínas y de ADN, así como en las actividades de las enzimas antioxidantes estudiadas y en los niveles de glutation a lo largo de los tres períodos de exposición. En general, las alteraciones más significativas se observaron en tilapias expuestas a CYN por inmersión en biomasa de A. ovalisporum durante un periodo de 21 días, demostrándose así que estos efectos se ven influenciados por la vía y el tiempo de exposición.Cyanobacteria are able to synthesize a large variety of secondary metabolites, including Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a mainly cytotoxic toxin. In general, exposure to this molecule is characterized by late toxicity on multiple organs, mainly liver and kidney. Several mechanisms of action have been suggested; as inhibition of protein and glutathione synthesis and more recently oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of time and route of exposure on the induction of oxidative stress as a mechanism of toxic action associated with CYN pathogenicity in public-consumed fish exposed to repeated doses of CYN by immersion, containing a culture of A. ovalisporum or orally with lyophilized cells of Aphanizomenon ovalisporum for three periods of exposure: 7, 14 and 21 days. Fish biomarkers tested in liver and kidney were: lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA oxidation, activities glutathione-Stransferase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and glutathione reduced/glutathione oxidized ratio. An induction of oxidative stress was observed in liver and kidney of tilapia fishes exposed to repeated doses of CYN. Alterations in lipid peroxidation levels, protein and DNA oxidation process, as well as in the activity of the studied antioxidant enzymes and glutathione levels for all three periods of exposure tested, were observed. In general, the most significant changes were observed in tilapias exposed to CYN by immersion in a CYN-containing culture of A. ovalisporum over 21 days, thus demonstrates that these effects are influenced by the route and time of exposure.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) AGL2009-10026ALIJunta de Andalucía (España) P09-AGR-467