Propuesta en Supply Chain Management y Logística en la empresa Zafras S.A.

El desarrollo del presente proyecto es realizado por los estudiantes del grupo 20 del Diplomado en SCM y Logística O.G. 1601 del 2021. Supply Chain Management y Logística busca las relaciones o enlaces entre las empresas en su red de valor, de forma dinamizada con velocidad y exactitud donde su sistema de materiales está dado por el mercado bajo el sistema Pull. SCM y Logística hacen parte de los procesos de las empresas por los constantes cambios que se presentan en el entorno y los mercados, tomando gran importancia para ser factor de éxito y que debe ser implementado para permanecer en el sector. Se espera identificar las oportunidades que tiene una empresa con la implementación de estrategias de Supply Chain Management, mediante el conocimiento adquirido de los diferentes procesos logísticos como son: el aprovisionamiento, el transporte, la distribución, y la gestión de almacenes e inventarios que permitan soportar la gestión de la red de valor. La empresa seleccionada para implementar estrategias de Supply Chain Management y Logística es ZAFRAS S.A para mejorar sus niveles de competitividad en el sector agroindusstrial; la selección de la empresa se realiza mediante consenso por los diferentes integrantes del diplomado, teniendo en cuenta criterios como: mediana empresa, con acceso a la información y lo más importante se pueden proponer mejoras a los procesos logísticos para gestionar su red de valor. El propósito del desarrollo de este proyecto es realizar la propuesta de Supply Chain Management en la empresa Zafras S.A identificando las estructuras, procesos logísticos y cadena de suministro usando modelos propios que permita proponer mejoras de optimización en los procesos logísticos de la empresa innovando servicios, procesos y sistemas productivos y logísticos; mejorando la efectividad operativa a partir de la optimización de recursos y planteando estrategias y herramientas de gestión para la sostenibilidad de Zafras S.A.The development of this project is carried out by the students of group 20 of the Diploma in SCM and Logistics O.G. 1601 of 2021. Supply Chain Management and Logistics seeks the relationships or links between the companies in its value network, in a dynamic way with speed and accuracy where its material system is given by the market under the Pull system. SCM and Logistics are part of the processes of the companies due to the constant changes that occur in the environment and the markets, taking great importance to be a factor of success and that must be implemented to remain in the sector. It is expected to identify the opportunities that a company has with the implementation of Supply Chain Management strategies, through the acquired knowledge of the different logistics processes such as: supply, transport, distribution, and warehouse and inventory management that allow supporting the management of the value network. The company selected to implement Supply Chain Management and Logistics strategies is ZAFRAS S.A to improve its levels of competitiveness in the agro-industrial sector; The selection of the company is made by consensus by the different members of the diploma, taking into account criteria such as: medium-sized company, with access to information and, most importantly, improvements to the logistics processes can be proposed to manage its value network. The purpose of the development of this project is to carry out the Supply Chain Management proposal in the company Zafras SA, identifying the structures, logistics processes and supply chain using its own models that allow proposing optimization improvements in the company's logistics processes, innovating services, processes and production and logistics systems; improving operational effectiveness from the optimization of resources and proposing strategies and management tools for the sustainability of Zafras S.A

Clinical trial recruitment of people who speak languages other than English: a Childrens Oncology Group report.

BACKGROUND: Persons who speak languages other than English are underrepresented in clinical trials, likely in part because of inadequate multilevel resources. We conducted a survey of institutions affiliated with the Childrens Oncology Group (COG) to characterize current research recruitment practices and resources regarding translation and interpretation services. METHODS: In October 2022, a 20-item survey was distributed electronically to institutions affiliated with COG to assess consent practices and resources for recruiting participants who speak languages other than English to COG trials. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses; responses were compared by institution size and type as well as respondent role. RESULTS: The survey was sent to 230 institutions, and the response rate was 60% (n = 139). In total, 60% (n = 83) of those respondents had access to short-form consent forms. Full consent form translation was required at 50% of institutions, and 12% of institutional review boards restricted use of centrally translated consent forms. Forty-six percent (n = 64) of institutions reported insufficient funding to support translation costs; 19% (n = 26) had access to no-cost translation services. Forty-four percent (n = 61) were required to use in-person interpreters for consent discussions; the most frequently cited barrier (56%) to obtaining consent was lack of available in-person interpreters. Forty-seven percent (n = 65) reported that recruiting persons who speak languages other than English to clinical trials was somewhat or very difficult. CONCLUSIONS: Institutions affiliated with COG face resource-specific challenges that impede recruitment of participants who speak languages other than English for clinical trials. These findings indicate an urgent need to identify strategies aimed at reducing recruitment barriers to ensure equitable access to clinical trials

Payments for ecosystem services in the tropics: a closer look at effectiveness and equity

We undertake a review of academic literature that examines the effectiveness and equity-related performance of PES initiatives targeting biodiversity conservation in tropical and sub-tropical countries. We investigate the key features of such analyses as regards their analytical and methodological approach and we identify emerging lessons from PES practice, leading to a new suggested research agenda. Our results indicate that analyses of PES effectiveness have to date focused on either ecosystem service provision or habitat proxies, with only half of them making explicit assessment of additionality and most describing that payments have been beneficial for land cover and biodiversity. Studies evaluating the impact of PES on livelihoods suggest more negative outcomes, with an uneven treatment of the procedural and distributive considerations of scheme design and payment distribution, and a large heterogeneity of evaluative frameworks. We propose an agenda for future PES research based on the emerging interest in assessing environmental outcomes more rigorously and documenting social impacts in a more comparative and contextually situated form

Incidencia de los antecedentes de funcionalidad familiar, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y enfermedad mental frente al intento de suicidio

Objetivo: valorar el antecedente de funcionalidad familiar, el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y enfermedad mental frente al intento de suicidio en los adolescentes. Materiales y Métodos: de naturaleza cuantitativa de tipo analítico retrospectivo de casos y controles teniendo una población de 20 personas en cada grupo (13 mujeres y 7 hombres).  Para llevar a cabo la recolección de los datos, se utilizaron tres instrumentos Test De Goldberg, FF-SIL, y Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas. Resultados: se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa después de aplicar el T Student, los resultados de cada ítem se valoran en una escala de Likert: finalizando se realiza la sumatoria de los puntos que corresponden a la escala de categorías de funcionamiento familiar agrupándolas así: de 50 a 57 puntos corresponde a la familia funcional, de 56 a 43 puntos es la familia moderadamente funcional, de 42 a 28 puntos es la familia disfuncional y de 2 a 28 puntos es la que agrupa a la familia severamente disfuncional entre funcionalidad familiar y enfermedad mental frente al intento de suicidio principalmente en mujeres entre las edades de 19 a 22 años. Conclusiones: las conductas suicidas se presenta  en las familias por el grado de disfuncionalidad familiar y enfermedad mental debido a que en los hogares   predomina las preocupaciones y la falta armonía. El consumo  sustancias psicoactivas no es incidente frente al  intento de suicidio. Palabras clave: Riesgo, auto-daño, psicopatología, disfuncionalidad Incidence of the background of family functionality, psychoactive substance use and mental illness compared to suicide attemptAbstract Objective: To assess the history of family functionality, psychoactive substance use and mental illness versus attempted suicide in adolescents. Materials and Methods: quantitative nature of an analytical retrospective case-control having a population of 20 people in each group (13 women and 7 men). To carry out the data collection, we used three test instruments Goldberg, FF-SIL, and Substance abuse. Results: We found statistically significant after applying the Student T, the results of each item is rated on a Likert scale: ending takes place the sum of the points corresponding to the level of family functioning categories grouped as follows: 50 to 57 points corresponds to the functional family, from 56 to 43 points is moderately functional family, from 42 to 28 points is the dysfunctional family and 2 to 28 points is the grouping severely dysfunctional family between family functioning and mental illness attempted suicide compared with primarily in women between the ages of 19-22 years. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior in families by the degree of family dysfunction and mental illness because in households dominated the concerns and lack harmony. Psychoactive substances consumption is not incident to the attempted suicide.Key words: Risk, self-harm, psychopathology, dysfunctional. Incidência do fundo de funcionamento familiar, uso de substâncias psicoativas e doença mental em comparação com tentativa de suicídio Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a história do funcionamento familiar, uso de substâncias psicoativas e da doença mental para a tentativa de suicídio em adolescentes. Materiais e Métodos: Um tipo de análise quantitativa retrospectiva casocontrole tem uma população de 20 pessoas em cada grupo (13 mulheres e 7 homens) que controlam variáveis como sexo, idade, endereço de moradia e situação socioeconômica. Para realizar a coleta de dados, foram utilizados três instrumentos de teste de Goldberg, FF-SIL e consumo de substâncias psicoativas. Resultados: Foram encontrados estatisticamente significativa após a aplicação das T de Student entre o funcionamento familiar e doença mental para a tentativa de suicídio, principalmente em mulheres entre as idades de 19 a 22 anos. Conclusões: O comportamento suicida em famílias pelo grau de disfunção familiar e doença mental, porque em domicílios dominado as preocupações e falta de harmonia. O consumo de substâncias psicoativas não é incidente à tentativa de suicídio.Palavras-chave: Risco, auto-mutilação, psicopatologia, disfuncional

Primary and booster vaccination in Latin American children with a DTPw-HBV/Hib combination: a randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis (DTPw)-based combination vaccines are an attractive option to rapidly achieve high coverage and protection against other important pathogens, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and <it>Haemophilus influenzae </it>type B (Hib). To ensure adequate antigen supply, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals has introduced a new DTPw antigen source and developed a new DTPw-HBV/Hib combination vaccine containing a reduced amount of Hib polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP). This study was undertaken to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of this new DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine with a licensed DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine (<it>Tritanrix</it>™-HBV/Hib).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a randomized, partially-blind, multicenter study in three countries in Latin America (Argentina, Chile and Nicaragua). Healthy children received either the new DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine (1 of 3 lots; n = 439; double-blind) or Tritanrix™-HBV/Hib (n = 146; single-blind) co-administered with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) at 2, 4 and 6 months, with a booster dose at 18-24 months.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One month after the end of the 3-dose primary vaccination course, the new DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine was non-inferior to Tritanrix™-HBV/Hib in terms of seroprotection/vaccine response rates for all component antigens; ≥97.3% and ≥93.9% of subjects in the two groups, respectively, had seroprotective levels of antibodies against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B and Hib and a vaccine response to the pertussis component. Persistence of antibodies against all vaccine antigens was comparable between groups, with marked increases in all antibody concentrations after booster administration in both groups. Both vaccines were generally well-tolerated as primary and booster doses.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Results confirm the suitability of this new DTPw-HBV/Hib vaccine comprising antigens from a new source and a reduced PRP content for inclusion into routine childhood vaccination programs.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p><url>http://www.clinicaltrials.gov</url> NCT00332566</p

The F4/AS01B HIV-1 Vaccine Candidate Is Safe and Immunogenic, But Does Not Show Viral Efficacy in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive, HIV-1-Infected Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The impact of the investigational human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) F4/AS01(B) vaccine on HIV-1 viral load (VL) was evaluated in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV-1 infected adults.This phase IIb, observer-blind study (NCT01218113), included ART-naive HIV-1 infected adults aged 18 to 55 years. Participants were randomized to receive 2 (F4/AS01(B)_2 group, N=64) or 3 (F4/AS01(B)_3 group, N=62) doses of F4/AS01(B) or placebo (control group, N=64) at weeks 0, 4, and 28. Efficacy (HIV-1 VL, CD4(+) T-cell count, ART initiation, and HIV-related clinical events), safety, and immunogenicity (antibody and T-cell responses) were evaluated during 48 weeks.At week 48, based on a mixed model, no statistically significant difference in HIV-1 VL change from baseline was demonstrated between F4/AS01(B)_2 and control group (0.073 log(10)copies/mL [97.5% confidence interval (CI): -0.088; 0.235]), or F4/AS01(B)_3 and control group (-0.096 log(10)copies/mL [97.5% CI: -0.257; 0.065]). No differences between groups were observed in HIV-1 VL change, CD4(+) T-cell count, ART initiation, or HIV-related clinical events at intermediate timepoints. Among F4/AS01(B) recipients, the most frequent solicited symptoms were pain at injection site (252/300 doses), fatigue (137/300 doses), myalgia (105/300 doses), and headache (90/300 doses). Twelve serious adverse events were reported in 6 participants; 1 was considered vaccine-related (F4/AS01(B)_2 group: angioedema). F4/AS01(B) induced polyfunctional F4-specific CD4(+) T-cells, but had no significant impact on F4-specific CD8(+) T-cell and anti-F4 antibody levels.F4/AS01(B) had a clinically acceptable safety profile, induced F4-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses, but did not reduce HIV-1 VL, impact CD4(+) T-cells count, delay ART initiation, or prevent HIV-1 related clinical events

Long-term cellular immunity of vaccines for Zaire Ebola Virus Diseases

Recent Ebola outbreaks underscore the importance of continuous prevention and disease control efforts. Authorized vaccines include Merck’s Ervebo (rVSV-ZEBOV) and Johnson & Johnson’s two-dose combination (Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo). Here, in a five-year follow-up of the PREVAC randomized trial (NCT02876328), we report the results of the immunology ancillary study of the trial. The primary endpoint is to evaluate long-term memory T-cell responses induced by three vaccine regimens: Ad26–MVA, rVSV, and rVSV–booster. Polyfunctional EBOV-specific CD4+ T-cell responses increase after Ad26 priming and are further boosted by MVA, whereas minimal responses are observed in the rVSV groups, declining after one year. In-vitro expansion for eight days show sustained EBOV-specific T-cell responses for up to 60 months post-prime vaccination with both Ad26-MVA and rVSV, with no decline. Cytokine production analysis identify shared biomarkers between the Ad26-MVA and rVSV groups. In secondary endpoint, we observed an elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines at Day 7 in the rVSV group. Finally, we establish a correlation between EBOV-specific T-cell responses and anti-EBOV IgG responses. Our findings can guide booster vaccination recommendations and help identify populations likely to benefit from revaccination

Studies and guidelines for two concurrent stroke gestures

International audienceThis paper investigates thumb-index interaction on touch input devices, and more precisely the potential of two concurrent stroke gestures, i.e. gestures in which two fingers of the same hand concurrently draw one stroke each. We present two fundamental studies, one using such gestures for two-dimensional control, by precisely drawing figures, and the other for command activation, by roughly sketching figures. Results give a first analysis of user performance on 35 gestures with a varying complexity based on numbers of turns and symmetries. All 35 gestures, were grouped into six families. From these results we classify these families and propose new guidelines for designing future mobile interfaces. For instance, favoring anchored gestures (forefinger drawing while the thumb remains still on the surface) to increase input bandwidth when forefinger precision is required

Bilan du parasitisme helminthique de la marmotte alpine (Marmota marmota) en fin de saison d'activité en Savoie de 1996 à 2009

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocTOULOUSE-EN Vétérinaire (315552301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Social behavior impacts parasite infection risk in equid groups

International audienceAmong the various costs of gregarious behaviors, proximity highly contributes to facilitating parasite transmission. However, the intensity of parasite infection varies between individuals of a social group. It is then of high interest to identify the causes of such inequality for parasite management. In this study, we investigated the impact of individual social behaviors on parasite distribution in the largest European group of captive plains zebras (Equus quagga boehmi) and the consequences of anthelmintic treatment. For six months, 22 plains zebras were kept in a safari enclosure and observed for 10 minutes each by focal sampling for a total of 44 days over three months. Strongyle and coccidia individual infections were estimated monthly with a commercial OVATEC Plus fecal analysis kit provided to veterinarians for fecal egg/oocyst count. Then, we used GLMM models with age, sex and time until or since anthelmintic treatment as fixed factors and with social factors (degree of connection and dominance) as predictors of individual variation in fecal parasite eggs and oocyst shedding.The social structure observed in captive plains zebras is comparable to that of wild plains zebras and horses. Before treatment, females were more infected than males. Then, we observed an increase in coccidia infection after anthelmintic treatment, and approximately 20% of zebras carried 70% of the total strongyle infection. Dominance, and degree were strong predictors of an individual’s strongyle infection intensity after anthelmintic treatment. Further investigation is needed to identify new treatment strategies based on social behaviors and to improve anthelmintics administration in large groups of equids