European Green Deal – the way to Circular Public Procurement

The aim of this paper is to link the concept of green public procurement (GPP) to the nowadays popular circular economy (CE) concept by exploring the possibilities of circular public procurement. The legal framework will be specified at all stages of the suggested procurement cycle (preparation, tendering, execution, monitoring) and the connected instruments that support GPP will be summarized. In the research, ecolabelling and life-cycle costing will be highlighted as tools leading to Circular Public Procurement (CPP), drawing attention to the importance of ensuring competition and cooperation with market actors using these tools

Effect of Rhizobium and AM fungi inoculation on soybean

Symbiotic effectivity of two- and tripartite symbiotic agents was investigated in a pot experiment on three soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivars with special regard to compatibility. Host plants were single and co-inoculated with two Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and two commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) products. Significant differences were found in infectivity and effectivity of the microsymbionts. While infectivity of AMF inocula was very poor, the benefits of AMF treatments were more expressed than that of the rhizobial ones. In case of commercial AMF inoculants we should also check the effect of the ingredients of the explain medium.Keywords: Bradyrhizobium sp., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soybean, host compatibility, biomas

Attention and speech-processing related functional brain networks activated in a multi-speaker environment

Human listeners can focus on one speech stream out of several concurrent ones. The present study aimed to assess the whole-brain functional networks underlying a) the process of focusing attention on a single speech stream vs. dividing attention between two streams and 2) speech processing on different time-scales and depth. Two spoken narratives were presented simultaneously while listeners were instructed to a) track and memorize the contents of a speech stream and b) detect the presence of numerals or syntactic violations in the same (“focused attended condition”) or in the parallel stream (“divided attended condition”). Speech content tracking was found to be associated with stronger connectivity in lower frequency bands (delta band- 0,5–4 Hz), whereas the detection tasks were linked with networks operating in the faster alpha (8–10 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) bands. These results suggest that the oscillation frequencies of the dominant brain networks during speech processing may be related to the duration of the time window within which information is integrated. We also found that focusing attention on a single speaker compared to dividing attention between two concurrent speakers was predominantly associated with connections involving the frontal cortices in the delta (0.5–4 Hz), alpha (8–10 Hz), and beta bands (13–30 Hz), whereas dividing attention between two parallel speech streams was linked with stronger connectivity involving the parietal cortices in the delta and beta frequency bands. Overall, connections strengthened by focused attention may reflect control over information selection, whereas connections strengthened by divided attention may reflect the need for maintaining two streams in parallel and the related control processes necessary for performing the tasks.</div

Proteomic Changes of Osteoclast Differentiation in Rheumatoid and Psoriatic Arthritis Reveal Functional Differences

BACKGROUND: Osteoclasts play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair, and remodeling of bones of the adult vertebral skeleton due to their bone resorption capability. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are associated with increased activity of osteoclasts. OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to investigate the dynamic proteomic changes during osteoclast differentiation in healthy donors, in RA, and PsA. METHODS: Blood samples of healthy donors, RA, and PsA patients were collected, and monocytes were isolated and differentiated into osteoclasts in vitro using macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANK-L). Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was used to analyze proteins from cell lysates. The expression changes were analyzed with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). RESULTS: The analysis of the proteomic changes revealed that during the differentiation of the human osteoclasts, expression of the proteins involved in metabolic activity, secretory function, and cell polarity is increased; by contrast, signaling pathways involved in the immune functions are downregulated. Interestingly, the differences between cells of healthy donors and RA/PsA patients are most pronounced after the final steps of differentiation to osteoclasts. In addition, both in RA and PsA the differentiation is characterized by decreased metabolic activity, associated with various immune pathway activities; furthermore by accelerated cytokine production in RA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results shed light on the characteristic proteomic changes during human osteoclast differentiation and expression differences in RA and PsA, which reveal important pathophysiological insights in both diseases

Extracelluláris vezikulák gyulladásos és onkológiai betegségekben

Mind jobban megismerjük az extracelluláris vezikulák jelentőségét fiziológiás és patológiás körülmények között, például gyulladásos ízületi és onkológiai betegségek patomechanizmusában. A vezikulák számának és molekuláris összetételének vizsgálata hozzájárulhat újszerű orvosi diagnosztikai eljárások fejlesztéséhez. A jövőben a vezikulák eltávolítása a daganatos betegségek adjuváns terápiájaként, valamint génterápiás és gyógyszerszállító eszközként történő alkalmazása új mérföldkövet jelenthet az orvostudományban

Alphaproteobacteria communities depend more on soil types than land managements

Soil properties and agricultural practices take a joint effect on the communities of soil bacteria. The aim of the present study was to survey Alphaproteobacterial communities as possible indicators of soil quality considering clay, loamy and sandy soils under conventional and organic farming. Alphaproteobacteria community composition were analysed by 16S rRNA gene with nested-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and denaturing gradient gelelectrophoresis (DGGE). Sequencing of partial 16S rRNA gene from the DGGE bands were performed. Conventional and organic farming resulted in significant differences in chemical properties of soils. According to the results community fingerprints were separated into groups depending on soil types and farming systems. This separation can be attributed mostly to soil pH, AL-P2O5,-K2O. The analysed sequences were identified as soil bacteria which could play the main role in nitrogen fixing, mineralisation and denitrification. The highest diversity index was revealed from the organic farming at sandy texture site, where mainly Mesorhizobium sp. and Rhizobium sp. were detected. The soil type and actual crop could have a stronger impact on the soil bacterial composition than the management