Dynamic program monitoring and transformation using the OMOS object server

technical reportIn traditional monolithic operating systems the con?? straints of working within the kernel have limited the sophistication of the schemes used to manage exe?? cutable program images By implementing an exe?? cutable image loader as a persistent user??space pro?? gram we can extend system program loading capabili?? ties In this paper we present OMOS an Object Meta?? Object Server which provides program loading facili?? ties as a special case of generic object instantiation We discuss the architecture of OMOS the extensible nature of that architecture and its application to the problem of dynamic program monitoring and optimiza?? tion We present several optimization strategies and the results of applying these strategies ?

OMOS ? An object server for program execution

technical reportThe benefits of object-oriented programming are well known but popular operating systems provide very few object oriented features to users and few are im plemented using object oriented techniques themselves In this paper we discuss a mechanism for apply ing object oriented programming concepts to program binding linking and execution We describe OMOS an object meta object server that embodies a exible object framework The OMOS framework projects an object oriented structure onto programs and shared li braries that may not have been originally developed for use within an object oriented environment This framework provides natural facilities for inheritance interposition and overloading of operations as well as development of classes with dynamically evolving behavior ?

Automatic Crash Recovery: Internet Explorer\u27s black box

A good portion of today\u27s investigations include, at least in part, an examination of the user\u27s web history. Although it has lost ground over the past several years, Microsoft\u27s Internet Explorer still accounts for a large portion of the web browser market share. Most users are now aware that Internet Explorer will save browsing history, user names, passwords and form history. Consequently some users seek to eliminate these artifacts, leaving behind less evidence for examiners to discover during investigations. However, most users, and probably a good portion of examiners are unaware Automatic Crash Recovery can leave a gold mine of recent browsing history in spite of the users attempts to delete historical artifacts. As investigators, we must continually be looking for new sources of evidence; Automatic Crash Recovery is it

Virginia Woolf\u27s Illnesses

Psychoanalyst Douglass Orr declares that his book about Virginia Woolf is not a psychobiography. Instead, he offers a number of diagnostic possibilities in psychiatry based on extensive records that we have of Virginia Woolf\u27s life history, both in her own words and in the reminiscences of others. His general thesis is that, however neurotic Virginia may have been, her usual, day-to-day self was within normal limits. The normal self was, even so, extremely vulnerable to traumata in the area of separations and losses, on the one hand, and, on the other, to direct blows to her self-esteem. Dr. Orr interprets Virginia\u27s five or six experiences of madness to be separate and distinct illnesses having quite different proximate causes. This view differs from the common assumption that Virginia had a single, life-long psychiatric disease, such as manic-depressive disorder, or manic depression.https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/cudp_mono/1017/thumbnail.jp

Program specialization using the OMOS system

technical reportAbstraction and modularity provide many software engineering benefits. Hiding details of module internals can, however, prevent system implementors from being able to provide anything but a highly general implementation of a given module. We describe OMOS, a programmable linker/loader and system server that manages module implementations. OMOS allows system builders to describe system architectures in high-level terms, via a module construction scripting language. Using scripts, system implementors can provide modules that can test and react to both their static and run time environments. These modules, which we refer to as electric libraries, can produce implementations that are optimized at link or run time, without sacrificing modularity, expanding interfaces, or requiring changes in client programs. We identify and implement three types of specializations that OMOS can perform, and quantify the impact of two of them on a few standard Unix utilities: performance improvements ranged from 6% to 47%.

Dynamic program monitoring and transformation using the OMOS object server

Journal ArticleIn traditional monolithic operating systems the constraints of working within the kernel have limited the sophistication of the schemes used to manage executable program images. By implementing an executable image loader as a persistent user-space program, we can extend system program loading capabilities. In this paper we present OMOS, an Object/Meta-Object Server which provides program loading facilities as a special case of generic object instantiation. We discuss the architecture of OMOS, the extensible nature of that architecture, and its application to the problem of dynamic program monitoring and optimization. We present several optimization strategies and the results of applying these strategies

Hate Crime in the News: The Media’s Role in Agenda Setting

Examining the extant literature on hate crimes shows that there has been an evolutionary process of Hate Crime legislation (HC). Similar to other social movements such as civil rights, the hate crime movement also had various waves which eventually lead to the passage of legislation. By and large, however, HC research has focused on victims and offenders of hate crimes as well as motivations of bias. Moreover, less research has been done on the media’s portrayal and coverage of HC. Since the media is a noted influencer in social issues (Culotta, 2002; Quisenberry, 2001), we sought to answer how the news media are reporting incidences of hate crimes – particularly LGBTQ+- and compare them with official crime statistics reported by law enforcement agencies. In order to answer these questions, our research utilized a qualitative content analysis using QSR NVivo 12.0 to identify potential themes and trends which may be overlooked in simple quantitative methods. Our dataset comes from the Hate Crime Index ("ProPublica," 2018), for the month of June 2018. Official FBI data is also utilized for comparison, spanning from 2012 to 2016. Our results suggest that the media reports HC within an overall internal Agenda Setting Orientation. During analysis, two main themes were identified that show the (i) media report both the failures and challenges of law enforcement in dealing with HC issue and, (ii) that media highlights various best practices some agencies engage in. Limitations and future research directions are discussed

Allograft rejection and the role of the immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin-12

This aim of this study was to examine the effect of neutralising endogenous IL-12 on skin allograft survival in a mouse experimental model. The immune response following treatment was investigated to determine whether anti-IL-12 antibody could switch a Th1 to a Th2 response and whether this was associated with prolonged graft survival. C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice were grafted with tail skin from semi- allogeneic (C57B1/6 X DBA/2) F1 (BDFi) donors. Skin graft survival was compared between untreated mice and those treated with a neutralising goat anti-mouse IL-12 polyclonal antibody. In addition, mice were pre-treated with donor specific transfusion in the form of BDF1 spleen cells injected intravenously prior to grafting, or with a combination of both anti-IL-12 antibody and donor cell pretreatment. Skin graft survival was not prolonged in animals which had been treated with anti-IL-12 antibody or donor cell injection alone compared to unmodified controls. Allograft survival was, however, significantly prolonged in animals pretreated with both anti-IL-12 antibody plus donor cell injection. Interestingly, when a fully allogeneic mismatch was used, this combined treatment did not prolong graft survival. The immunological processes involved with the rejection response were investigated. The spleens of treated and untreated mice were removed at various time points after grafting and single cell suspensions prepared and maintained in vitro. When re-stimulated with irradiated BDF1 cells in a MLR, cells from unmodified C57B1/6 graft recipients proliferated well. However, where animals had been pre-treated with donor cells, either with or without anti-IL-12 antibody, proliferation was markedly reduced, although such a reduction was not associated with prolonged graft survival. Pre-treatment with anti-IL-12 antibody alone did not reduce proliferation in vitro. Supernatants from cultures of spleen cells from treated animals re-stimulated with donor-specific antigen were analysed for their cytokine content by ELISA. Unmodified graft rejection was associated with increased production of the Ti1 cyokines, IL-2 and IFN-gamma. Treatment with donor cells prior to grafting abolished this Th1 response in vitro, with cells producing little Th1 or Th2 cytokines, although grafts were still rejected at the normal time. Treatment with anti-IL-12 antibody alone induced cells to produce less IFN-gamma in vitro and also slightly increased production of the Th2 cytokines, IL-5 and IL-10, although this did not alter allograft rejection. Pre-treatment with both anti-IL-12 antibody and donor cells abolished a Th1 response and significantly increased Th2 cytokine production and this was associated with prolonged allograft survival. In this model, therefore, prolonged skin graft survival appeared to be associated with an increased Th-2 response and a down-regulated Th-1 response when cells from treated animals were re-stimulated in vitro. Specific cytotoxicity, as measured by CTL activity in spleen cell preparations was not reduced by neutralising endogenous IL-12, but NK cell activity was reduced. NK cells are responsible for the elimination of injected foreign cells, and persistence of such injected cells within the host has been shown by others to prolong allograft survival. However, using FACS analysis, it was not possible to demonstrate that reduced NK cell activity directly led to increased survival of injected BDF1 cells in treated animals in this model. Thus inhibition of endogenous IL-12, together with donor cell pretreatment, prolonged skin graft survival and this was associated with an up-regulated Th2 response and a down-regulated Th1 response. This indicates that effecting a switch to a Th2 response can prove beneficial for allograft survival

Origin of broad polydispersion in functionalized dendrimers and its effects on cancer cell binding affinity

Nanoparticles with multiple ligands have been proposed for use in nanomedicine. The multiple targeting ligands on each nanoparticle can bind to several locations on a cell surface facilitating both drug targeting and uptake. Experiments show that the distribution of conjugated ligands is unexpectedly broad, and the desorption rate appears to depends exponentially upon the mean number of attached ligands. These two findings are explained with a model in which ligands conjugate to the nanoparticle with a positive cooperativity of $\approx 4kT$, and that nanoparticles bound to a surface by multiple bonds are permanently affixed. This drives new analysis of the data, which confirms that there is only one time constant for desorption, that of a nanoparticle bound to the surface by a single bond.Comment: 4 pages, with 6 figure