DOES THE BOARD INDEPENDENCE INFLUENCE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RISK DISCLOSURE AND FIRM VALUE? EVIDENCE FROM JORDAN

Purpose of the study: This paper aimed to investigate the influence of risk disclosure on corporate value and investigate whether the effect of risk disclosure on corporate value is moderated by the level of independence of boards of directors. Methodology: Using an analysis of annual reports, the study depended on a set of balanced panel data derived from 13 banks listed on the “Amman Stock Exchange” (ASE) from 2014 to 2018. Main Findings: The empirical results indicated that the association between risk disclosure and the corporate value was significant but negative. To examine the influence of the moderating variable, hierarchical regression models were used. The results regarding the moderating effect indicate that board independence (BI) positively moderated the association between risk disclosure and corporate value. Applications of this study: The findings of this article can provide insights into the association between risk disclosure and corporate value and the moderating influence of the board of directors' independence on this relationship. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is particularly beneficial for understanding the importance of risk disclosure between the management and stakeholders as well as understanding the importance of the board of director composition in enhancing the influence of risk disclosure on corporate value. Moreover, this is the first study to investigate the moderating effect of board composition (represented by board independence) on the association between risk disclosure and corporate value

Capital Structure-Firm Value Nexus: Moderating Role of Profitability

Este estudo tem como objetivo pesquisar o papel moderador da ren-tabilidade na relação entre a estrutura do capital e o valor da empresa na Jordânia, como exemplo de uma economia emergente. A partir desse propósito, foram formulados dois modelos funcionais para entender a relação direta e o impacto da interação entre a estrutura do capital e o valor da empresa. Os sólidos resultados empíricos da análise de dados de painel proporcionam uma forte evidência de uma relação adversa entre a estrutura do capital e o valor da empresa. Além disso, confirmam que o impacto da estrutura do capital parece ser de natureza complexa e difícil de analisar sem controlar a interação da rentabilidade como um dos principais determinantes. Portanto, estudar o efeito da interação não somente possibilita uma ampla evidência, mas também contribui para entender melhor o vínculo entre a estrutura de capital e o valor da empresa. Os resultados empíricos deste estudo podem oferecer importantes ideias e apresentar consequências políticas para os responsáveis pela tomada de decisões.Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar el papel moderador de la rentabilidad en la relación entre la estructura del capital y el valor de la empresa en Jordania como ejemplo de una economía emergente. Con este propósito en mente, se formularon dos modelos funcionales para entender la relación directa y el impacto de la interacción entre la estructura del capital y el valor de la empresa. Los sólidos resultados empíricos del análisis de datos de panel proporcionan una fuerte evidencia de una relación adversa entre la estructura del capital y el valor de la empresa. Los resultados confirman que el impacto de la estructura de capital parece ser de naturaleza complicada y difícil de examinar sin controlar la interacción de la rentabilidad como uno de los principales determinantes. Por lo tanto, estudiar el efecto de interac-ción no solo proporciona una amplia evidencia, sino también contribuye a un mejor entendimiento del vínculo entre el valor de la empresa y la estructura de capital. Los resultados empíricos del estudio pueden ofrecer importantes ideas e implicaciones políticas para los responsables de la toma de decisiones.This study aims to investigate the moderating role of profitability in the relationship between capital structure and firm value in Jordan, as an example of an emerging economy. For this purpose, two functional models were formulated to capture the direct relationship as well as the interaction impact of capital structure on firm value. The robust empirical findings of panel data analysis provide strong evidence of an adverse relationship between capital structure and firm value. The findings confirm that the impact of capital structure appears to be complicated in nature and difficult to examine without controlling for the interaction of profitability as one of the major determinants. Therefore, studying the interaction effect provides ample evidence and enhances the understanding of the link between firm value and capital structure. The empirical results of the study may provide important insights and policy implications to decision-maker

Os limites da incidência do Código de Defesa do Consumidor nos serviços públicos

This study aims to investigate the moderating role of profitability in the relationship between capital structure and firm value in Jordan, as an example of an emerging economy. For this purpose, two functional models were formulated to capture the direct relationship as well as the interaction impact of capital structure on firm value. The robust empirical findings of panel data analysis provide strong evidence of an adverse relationship between capital structure and firm value. The findings confirm that the impact of capital structure appears to be complicated in nature and difficult to examine without controlling for the interaction of profitability as one of the major determinants. Therefore, studying the interaction effect provides ample evidence and enhances the understanding of the link between firm value and capital structure. The empirical results of the study may provide important insights and policy implications to decision-makers

Assessment of hospital readiness to respond to COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. A cross sectional study

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals faced tremendous pressure to cope with the emergency preparedness situations needed to cater for the influx of patients while maintaining their essential services. This study aimed to assess the level of readiness of hospitals in Jordan to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic using the WHO hospital readiness checklist. A cross-sectional survey using the modified and validated checklist was conducted in Jordan between 15 May and 15 June 2021. The checklist entailed ten key response functions with a total of 60 activities. Data from 22 hospitals were collected through a structured survey process by two surveyors for each hospital. The overall readiness score of hospitals was 1.77 ± 0.20, with a lower overall score in the northern region (1.65 ± 0.24) than the middle (1.86 ± 0.07) or southern (1.84 ± 0.14) regions. The diagnosis response function scored highest (1.95); but despite efforts, contingency plan development was not met by most hospitals, with a total score ≤ 1.45. Provision of psychological support and occupational health support to ensure the wellbeing of staff scored below average. Outcomes from this survey exposed gaps while offering a framework for upcoming endeavors to improve hospital readiness for any potential pandemic

Assessment of Hospital Readiness to Respond to COVID-19 Pandemic in Jordan—A Cross Sectional Study

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals faced tremendous pressure to cope with the emergency preparedness situations needed to cater for the influx of patients while maintaining their essential services. This study aimed to assess the level of readiness of hospitals in Jordan to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic using the WHO hospital readiness checklist. A cross-sectional survey using the modified and validated checklist was conducted in Jordan between 15 May and 15 June 2021. The checklist entailed ten key response functions with a total of 60 activities. Data from 22 hospitals were collected through a structured survey process by two surveyors for each hospital. The overall readiness score of hospitals was 1.77 ± 0.20, with a lower overall score in the northern region (1.65 ± 0.24) than the middle (1.86 ± 0.07) or southern (1.84 ± 0.14) regions. The diagnosis response function scored highest (1.95); but despite efforts, contingency plan development was not met by most hospitals, with a total score ≤ 1.45. Provision of psychological support and occupational health support to ensure the wellbeing of staff scored below average. Outcomes from this survey exposed gaps while offering a framework for upcoming endeavors to improve hospital readiness for any potential pandemic

Upholding Quality and Patient Safety during COVID-19 Pandemic—A Jordanian Case Study

Background: The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid increase in demand for healthcare services over a prolonged period, and the hospital emergency preparedness system has been essential. Therefore, this study aimed to explore Jordanian hospitals’ response to emergency situations and examine the underlying role and effect of accreditation programs as a “Quality and Patient Safety” tool to deal with emergency situations during the pandemic. Methods: An online survey for a cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan between 1 March and 30 May 2022, to examine the opinions of hospitals’ top, senior, and middle managers using a validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 200 healthcare providers from 30 hospitals participated in the study. From the areas within accreditation standards that were investigated, capacity building on emergency preparedness and communication abilities received the least scores (2.46 and 2.48, respectively). Additionally, hospitals with mature quality and patient safety culture (>3 accreditation cycles) demonstrated a statistically significant difference in score in two domains–emergency preparedness (p = 0.027) and infection prevention and control (p = 0.024). Conclusions: During outbreaks, hospitals that are required to comply with accreditation standards that address all emergency preparedness aspects will fare better in quality performance

Upholding quality and patient safety during COVID-19 pandemic : a Jordanian case study

Background: The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid increase in demand for healthcare services over a prolonged period, and the hospital emergency preparedness system has been essential. Therefore, this study aimed to explore Jordanian hospitals’ response to emergency situations and examine the underlying role and effect of accreditation programs as a “Quality and Patient Safety” tool to deal with emergency situations during the pandemic. Methods: An online survey for a cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan between 1 March and 30 May 2022, to examine the opinions of hospitals’ top, senior, and middle managers using a validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 200 healthcare providers from 30 hospitals participated in the study. From the areas within accreditation standards that were investigated, capacity building on emergency preparedness and communication abilities received the least scores (2.46 and 2.48, respectively). Additionally, hospitals with mature quality and patient safety culture (>3 accreditation cycles) demonstrated a statistically significant difference in score in two domains–emergency preparedness (p = 0.027) and infection prevention and control (p = 0.024). Conclusions: During outbreaks, hospitals that are required to comply with accreditation standards that address all emergency preparedness aspects will fare better in quality performance

Upholding Quality and Patient Safety during COVID-19 Pandemic—A Jordanian Case Study

Background: The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid increase in demand for healthcare services over a prolonged period, and the hospital emergency preparedness system has been essential. Therefore, this study aimed to explore Jordanian hospitals’ response to emergency situations and examine the underlying role and effect of accreditation programs as a “Quality and Patient Safety” tool to deal with emergency situations during the pandemic. Methods: An online survey for a cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan between 1 March and 30 May 2022, to examine the opinions of hospitals’ top, senior, and middle managers using a validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 200 healthcare providers from 30 hospitals participated in the study. From the areas within accreditation standards that were investigated, capacity building on emergency preparedness and communication abilities received the least scores (2.46 and 2.48, respectively). Additionally, hospitals with mature quality and patient safety culture (>3 accreditation cycles) demonstrated a statistically significant difference in score in two domains–emergency preparedness (p = 0.027) and infection prevention and control (p = 0.024). Conclusions: During outbreaks, hospitals that are required to comply with accreditation standards that address all emergency preparedness aspects will fare better in quality performance