Potential core lengths of round jets in stagnant and moving environments

This paper investigates the change of velocity and concentration fields in the initial region of a round jet in stagnant fluid and in a moving environment of the co-flow, counter-flow or cross-flow situation. The aim was to discuss issues of flow establishment and in the initial region, to determine the potential core length, and to observe the effect of a moving ambient. Turbulent jet velocities and concentration were measured with the planar imaging techniques of particle-image velocimetry (PIV) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). The mean flow fields were obtained and analyzed to investigate the validity of 1/. x decay relationship for jet centerline velocity and concentration. Values for the decay constant and jet virtual origin were obtained from the data. While the results show that the decay constant is increased by a co-flow but reduced by a counter-flow or a cross-flow, the virtual origin was found to be affected as well. The overall effect is that any situation of the moving environment leads to a slight reduction of the physical length of the potential core. The paper also suggests an intermittency function for the analysis of fluctuating jet concentration field in the potential core. The mean intermittency function provides a direct and reliable estimate of the potential core length of a jet in a moving environment. © 2011 International Association of Hydro-environment Engineering and Research, Asia Pacific Division.postprin

Ring-type electric current sensor based on ring-shaped magnetoelectric laminate of epoxy-bonded Tb₀.₃Dy₀.₇Fe₁.₉₂ short-fiber/NdFeB magnet magnetostrictive composite and Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃ piezoelectric ceramic

Author name used in this publication: S. L. Ho2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

dc magnetoelectric sensor based on direct coupling of Lorentz force effect in aluminum strip with transverse piezoelectric effect in 0.7Pb(Mg₁/₃ Nb₂/₃)O₃-0.3PbTiO₃single-crystal plate

Author name used in this publication: Siu Wing Or2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Microwave complex permeability of Fe₃O₄ nanoflake composites with and without magnetic field-induced rotational orientation

Author name used in this publication: Or, Siu Wing.Author name used in this publication: Ho, S. L.2012-2013 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Concurrent operational modes and enhanced current sensitivity in heterostructure of magnetoelectric ring and piezoelectric transformer

Author name used in this publication: Or, Siu Wing.Author name used in this publication: Ho, S. L.2012-2013 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

High magnetoelectric tuning effect in a polymer-based magnetostrictive-piezoelectric laminate under resonance drive

Author name used in this publication: Yuan-Feng DuanAuthor name used in this publication: Siu Wing Or2011-2012 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Enhanced magnetoelectric effect in heterostructure of magnetostrictive alloy bars and piezoelectric single-crystal transformer

Author name used in this publication: Siu Wing OrAuthor name used in this publication: S. L. Ho2010-2011 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Revisiting protein aggregation as pathogenic in sporadic Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases.

The gold standard for a definitive diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD) is the pathologic finding of aggregated α-synuclein into Lewy bodies and for Alzheimer disease (AD) aggregated amyloid into plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau into tangles. Implicit in this clinicopathologic-based nosology is the assumption that pathologic protein aggregation at autopsy reflects pathogenesis at disease onset. While these aggregates may in exceptional cases be on a causal pathway in humans (e.g., aggregated α-synuclein in SNCA gene multiplication or aggregated β-amyloid in APP mutations), their near universality at postmortem in sporadic PD and AD suggests they may alternatively represent common outcomes from upstream mechanisms or compensatory responses to cellular stress in order to delay cell death. These 3 conceptual frameworks of protein aggregation (pathogenic, epiphenomenon, protective) are difficult to resolve because of the inability to probe brain tissue in real time. Whereas animal models, in which neither PD nor AD occur in natural states, consistently support a pathogenic role of protein aggregation, indirect evidence from human studies does not. We hypothesize that (1) current biomarkers of protein aggregates may be relevant to common pathology but not to subgroup pathogenesis and (2) disease-modifying treatments targeting oligomers or fibrils might be futile or deleterious because these proteins are epiphenomena or protective in the human brain under molecular stress. Future precision medicine efforts for molecular targeting of neurodegenerative diseases may require analyses not anchored on current clinicopathologic criteria but instead on biological signals generated from large deeply phenotyped aging populations or from smaller but well-defined genetic-molecular cohorts

Phenotypic and genotypic monitoring of Schistosoma mansoni in Tanzanian schoolchildren five years into a preventative chemotherapy national control programme

We conducted combined in vitro PZQ efficacy testing with population genetic analyses of S. mansoni collected from children from two schools in 2010, five years after the introduction of a National Control Programme. Children at one school had received four annual PZQ treatments and the other school had received two mass treatments in total. We compared genetic differentiation, indices of genetic diversity, and estimated adult worm burden from parasites collected in 2010 with samples collected in 2005 (before the control programme began) and in 2006 (six months after the first PZQ treatment). Using 2010 larval samples, we also compared the genetic similarity of those with high and low in vitro sensitivity to PZQ

Broadband ultrasonic linear array using ternary PIN-PMN-PT single crystal

Author name used in this publication: Siu Wing Or2012-2013 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe