Expression, Tissue Distribution and Function of miR-21 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective:MiR-21 is an oncomir expressed by malignant cells and/or tumor microenvironment components. In this study we focused on understanding the effects of stromal miR-21 on esophageal malignant cells.Design:MiR-21 expression was evaluated in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) by quantitative RT-PCR. MiR-21 tissue distribution was visualized with in situ hybridization. A co-culture system of normal fibroblasts and esophageal cancer cells was used to determine the effects of fibroblasts on miR-21 expression levels, and on SCC cell migration and invasion.Results:MiR-21 was overexpressed in SCCs, when compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissues (P = 0.0007), and was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of stromal cells adjacent to malignant cells. Accordingly, miR-21 expression was increased in tumors with high versus low stromal content (P = 0.04). When co-cultured with normal fibroblasts, miR-21 expression was elevated in SCC cells (KYSE-30), while its expression was restricted to fibroblasts when co-cultured with adenocarcinoma cells (OE-33 and FLO-1). MiR-21 was detected in conditioned media of cancer cell lines, illustrating the release of this miRNA into the environment. Co-culturing with normal fibroblasts or addition of fibroblast conditioned media caused a significant increase in cell migration and invasion potency of KYSE-30 cells (P<0.0001). In addition, co-culturing cancer cells with fibroblasts and expression of miR-21 induced the expression of the cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) marker S100A4.Conclusions:MiR-21 expression is mostly confined to the SCC stroma and its release from fibroblasts influences the migration and invasion capacity of SCC cells. Moreover, miR-21 may be an important factor in "activating" fibroblasts to CAFs. These findings provide new insights into the role of CAFs and the extracellular matrix in tumor microenvironment formation and in tumor cell maintenance, and suggest miR-21 may contribute to cellular crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment. © 2013 Nouraee et al

Characterization of radio active aerosols in Tehran research reactor containment

The objectives of this research were to determine the levels of radioactivity in the Tehran research reactor containment and to investigate the mass-size distribution, composition, and concentration of radio nuclides during operation of the reactor. A cascade impactor sampler was used to determine the size-activity distributions of radioactive aerosols in each of the sampling stations. Levels of α and β activities were determined based on a counting method using a liquid scintillation counter and smear tests. The total average mass fractions of fine particles (particle diameter dp &lt;1 µm) in all of the sampling stations were approximately 26.75 , with the mean and standard deviation of 52.15 ± 19.75 µg/m3. The total average mass fractions of coarse particles were approximately 73.2, with the mean and standard deviation of 71.34 ± 24.57 µg/m3. In addition to natural radionuclides, artificial radionuclides, such as 24Na,91Sr,131I,133I,103Ru,82Br, and 140La, may be released into the reactor containment structure. Maximum activity was associated with accumulation-mode particles with diameters less than 400 nm. The results obtained from liquid scintillation counting suggested that the mean specific activity of alpha particles in fine and coarse-modes were 89.7 and 10.26 , respectively. The mean specific activity of beta particles in fine and coarse-modes were 81.15 and 18.51 , respectively. A large fraction ofthe radionuclides' mass concentration in the Tehran research reactor containment was associated with coarse-mode particles, in addition, a large fraction of the activity in the aerosol particles was associated with accumulation-mode particles. © 2015, Vinca Inst Nuclear Sci. All rights reserved

Impact assessment of master plan of "attain to technical knowledge of specific pathogen free shrimp production and cut off to dependence on foreign products" on Bushehr city environment: A case study, Shoghab research station

This study is a part of the national and technology master plan entitled "Attain to technical knowledge of specific pathogen free shrimp production and cut off to dependence on foreign products". The goals of this work were to assess the environmental effects of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp production complex on surrounded region in Persian Gulf (Shoghab) research station in Bushehr city. The environmental impacts were assessed in Bandragah research station in Bushehr city by usage of comprehensive method for impacts prediction, and Pastakia Matrix for assessment during Feb 2012 till Sep 2014. Results showed 8 negative and 3 positive environmental factors that affect by operating phase including 48% very slightly negative and 44.5% slightly positive and 7.5% very slightly positive effects. Although there is no significant different between negative and positive effects but based on national strategy on getting the technology doing such a projects is highly recommended. By the usage of technical methods in effluents treatment control and reduction of bad impacts is achievable

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) on cultivation of the nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with brackish water in Dashtestan

EIA is a worthy tool for identifying and assessing potential impacts and control them.it compatibles environmental aspects with sustainable development. In order to predict the effects of tilapia culture activities on regional we gathered physical, biological, and social information to quantify the activities effects on them. We addressed 42 impacts consist of 31 positive, and 11 negative. These affect half of social, 33% of physical, and 17 of biological elements. This equivalent with -42, +304, and+36 when puts in the charts.in order to have a good and comprehensive assessment of activities Leopold matrices was employed. Based on summarized values from this we have +380and -82 results +298. This means that this activity has a great positive result especially on socio-economic environment. These kinds of studies are highly recommended for other parts of the Bushehr province e.g Dashtestan county that most of their water resources are brackish and not suitable for agriculture

The Plasma Environment of Comets

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138863/1/rog199129s2976.pd

Environmental risk assessment of the activity of specific pathogen free shrimp production centers

This study is a part of the national and technology master plan entitled "Attain to technical knowledge of specific pathogen free shrimp production and cut off to dependence on foreign products". The goals of this work were to assess and analysis the risk factors of production of specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp in its all stages (broodstocking, laravl production, shrimp farming, feeding and water quality), determining the pattern of outcomes monitoring, management and control of outcomes from April 2012 to September 2015 in Bandargah research station and Persian Gulf SPF Shrimp research station and their environment, belonging to Shrimp Research Center, located in Bushehr. Identification and screening of risk factors have been done based on Environment Aspect and Effect Analysis method, (EA)2, using a fine statement questionnaire and quantification of risks. The number of identified risk factors in Bandargah research station was 15 while it was 13 in Persian Gulf SPF Shrimp research station. The more number of risk factors in Bandargah station in respect to its number in Persian Gulf station is might due to lower level of biosecurity, physical structure and aging of Bandargah station and existence of two possible source of contamination, the Bushehr nuclear power plant pollutants and Bandargah fishing harbor, near to the station. On the basis of results, the maximum values of APN in Bandargah station was 42 while it was 30 in Persian Gulf station. These results revealed that the level of risk in Bandargah station is lower than that in Persian Gulf station. The most probable risks in both studied research stations are related to transmission of pathogens in shrimp feeding and water intake pollution

The survey on growth and survival larvae of different generation of Litopenaeus vannameiu

In the present Shrimp industry Has become a huge industry . The shrimp culture in Bushehr province began with Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus and with introducing Litopenaeus vannamei in Iran Was known as a culture species. The shrimp production rate in IRAN is about 23000 metric ton. Outbreak of Various diseases and Biosecurity are most important things to produce Specific Patogen Free (SPF) shrimp. In this regard, production of SPF shrimp is The main requirements of shrimp industry. The survey on growth and srvival larve of different generation of Litopenaeus vannamei project was carried out in 2013 and 2014. Broodstock selecting, propagation, culture and shrimp generation Was performed in 2012 until 2014.In 2014 we produced 4300 pieces of prebroodstock with 22.38 gram and 86 percent survival rate after 120 days of culture