Survival and grade of the glioma prediction using transfer learning

[EN] Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with a life expectancy of only 3–6 months without treatment. Detecting and predicting its survival and grade accurately are crucial. This study introduces a novel approach using transfer learning techniques. Various pre-trained networks, including EfficientNet, ResNet, VGG16, and Inception, were tested through exhaustive optimization to identify the most suitable architecture. Transfer learning was applied to fine-tune these models on a glioblastoma image dataset, aiming to achieve two objectives: survival and tumor grade prediction.The experimental results show 65% accuracy in survival prediction, classifying patients into short, medium, or long survival categories. Additionally, the prediction of tumor grade achieved an accuracy of 97%, accurately differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG). The success of the approach is attributed to the effectiveness of transfer learning, surpassing the current state-of-the-art methods. In conclusion, this study presents a promising method for predicting the survival and grade of glioblastoma. Transfer learning demonstrates its potential in enhancing prediction models, particularly in scenarios with limited large datasets. These findings hold promise for improving diagnostic and treatment approaches for glioblastoma patients.S

Hipoplasia medular por metimazol

Una paciente ingresó con sepsis y agranulocitosis inducida por metimazol;y, en la evolución presentó pancitopenia con hipoplasia medular y respondió favorablemente al tratamiento con factor estimulante de colonias, corticoides y antibióticos

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Enhanced intestinal permeability and oral bioavailability of enalapril maleate upon complexation with the cationic polymethacrylate Eudragit E100

The low bioavailability of enalapril maleate associated to its instability in solid state motivated the development of a polyelectrolyte-drug complex between enalapril maleate and the cationic polymethacrylate Eudragit E100. The solid complexes were characterized by DSC–TG, FT-IR and X-ray diffraction. Their aqueous dispersions were evaluated for drug delivery in bicompartimental Franz cells and electrokinetic potentials. Stability in solid state was also evaluated using an HPLC–UV stability indicating method. Absorption of enalapril maleate was assessed thorough the rat everted gut sac model. In addition, urinary recovery after oral administration in rats was used as an indicator of systemic exposition. The solid materials are stable amorphous solids in which both moieties of enalapril maleate are ionically bonded to the polymer. Their aqueous dispersions exhibited controlled release over more than 7 h in physiologic saline solution, being ionic exchange the fundamental mechanism that modified the extent and rate of drug release. Intestinal permeation of enalapril maleate was 1.7 times higher in the presence of the cationic polymer. This increase can be related with the capacity to adhere the mucosa due to the positive zeta potential of the complexes. As a consequence bioavailability was significantly improved (1.39 times) after oral administration of the complexes. In addition, no signs of chemical decomposition were observed after a 14 months period. The results indicated that the products are new chemical entities that improve unfavorable properties of a useful drug.Fil: Ramírez Rigo, María Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Olivera, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Unidad de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Tecnologia Farmaceutica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas. Departamento de Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Rubio, Modesto Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (i); Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Manzo, Ruben Hilario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Unidad de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Tecnologia Farmaceutica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas. Departamento de Farmacia; Argentin

A Visão do Outro e o Problema da Homogeneidade Cultural e Religiosa em Portugal

[ES] Este capítulo aborda en qué medida la convivencia con el "otro" contribuyó a reforzar una identidad diferenciada en Galicia y Portugal entre los siglos XV y XVII. Entre otros aspectos, se examinan una serie de criterios diferenciadores de índole cultural, religiosa, racial, etc, con especial referencia a las comunidades islámica y judía, a fin de evaluar su impacto en las dinámicas identitarias de ambos territorios. De este modo, se analiza si gallegos y portugueses tuvieron la misma experiencia de la alteridad a lo largo del periodo histórico indicado, comparándose ambos contextos como casos en constante interacción.Peer reviewe

Survival and grade of the glioma prediction using transfer learning

Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with a life expectancy of only 3–6 months without treatment. Detecting and predicting its survival and grade accurately are crucial. This study introduces a novel approach using transfer learning techniques. Various pre-trained networks, including EfficientNet, ResNet, VGG16, and Inception, were tested through exhaustive optimization to identify the most suitable architecture. Transfer learning was applied to fine-tune these models on a glioblastoma image dataset, aiming to achieve two objectives: survival and tumor grade prediction.The experimental results show 65% accuracy in survival prediction, classifying patients into short, medium, or long survival categories. Additionally, the prediction of tumor grade achieved an accuracy of 97%, accurately differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG). The success of the approach is attributed to the effectiveness of transfer learning, surpassing the current state-of-the-art methods. In conclusion, this study presents a promising method for predicting the survival and grade of glioblastoma. Transfer learning demonstrates its potential in enhancing prediction models, particularly in scenarios with limited large datasets. These findings hold promise for improving diagnostic and treatment approaches for glioblastoma patients

La Vinculación de la odontología a los sistemas de salud de Colombia y Uruguay: una reflexión a partir de la pandemia por COVID-19

The current COVID-19 pandemic has considerably affected all social sectors. The dental practice has not been spared of these impacts either. This reflection was part of a seminar that linked students and professors from two dental schools in Colombia and Uruguay. It aims to identify how this contingency made evident the limited link between the profession and the national health systems. Therefore, this proposes that said this crisis should help the dentistry to recognize the relevance of articulating itself in a decisive way with the health care models of its States. A bet that implies, in turn, that the profession reflects on its training, work and union processes. All this to the intention of recognizing that guaranteeing an integral oral health care is part of the guarantee of right to health and dignified life.La actual pandemia por Covid-19 ha afectado de manera considerable a todos los sectores sociales. La práctica odontológica no ha sido ajena a dichos impactos. La presente reflexión hizo parte de un seminario que vinculó estudiantes y profesores de dos Facultades de Odontología de Colombia y Uruguay. Se buscó identificar de qué manera esta contingencia hizo evidente la escasa vinculación de la profesión a los sistemas de salud nacionales. Por tanto, se propone que esta crisis debe servir para que la Odontología reconozca la pertinencia de articularse de manera decidida a los modelos de atención en salud de sus Estados. Una apuesta que implica, a su vez, que la profesión reflexione sobre sus procesos de formación, de trabajo y de agremiación, todo esto con la intención de reconocer que garantizar una atención integral en salud bucal hace parte de la garantía del derecho a la salud y a una vida dign

Científicos en el aula

El trabajo obtuvo el Primer Premio de la Modalidad B de los 'Premios Tomás García Verdejo' a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso académico 2013/2014Se describe el proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Campos de San Roque (Valverde de Leganés, Badajoz), orientado a promover en el alumnado el pensamiento científico-técnico y el interés por la investigación y la innovación. Entre las actividades llevadas a cabo destacan: la celebración de la Semana de la Ciencia, realización de proyectos de investigación, participación en la Reunión Científica organizada por la Asociación 'Investigación en Secundaria Meridies' celebrada en el IES Vegas Bajas (Montijo, Badajoz) en 2014 y el desarrollo del concurso 'El problema de la semana'ExtremaduraES

ConVial : una propuesta para mejorar la convivencia escolar a través de la educación vial

El trabajo obtuvo un premio de la Modalidad A de los 'Premios Tomás García Verdejo' a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso académico 2014/2015Existe un blog del proyecto: http://proyectoconvial.blogspot.com.esSe presenta un proyecto llevado a cabo en el CEIP Santa Lucía (Puebla de Sancho Pérez, Badajoz) que pretendía fomentar de forma conjunta la educación vial y la convivencia escolar. Entre otros, los objetivos que se perseguían eran: desarrollar las competencias básicas, conocer las normas de tráfico, promover hábitos saludables a través del uso de la bicicleta, fomentar actitudes seguras como peatón, viajero o conductor y desarrollar en el alumnado la capacidad de expresión y comprensión de mensajes orales y escritos en lengua extranjeraExtremaduraES