Recuperação De Atributos Sísmicos Utilizando A Migração Para Afastamento Nulo

A conventional processing, without a reliable adjustment in order to preserve the seismic amplitudes, could damage the mapping of the petrophysical properties, jeopardizing the correlation between the seismic data and the well profile. A manner to estimate correctly the amplitudes and, therefore, the reflection coefficients is to perform a pre-stack migration in true amplitude, where an amplitude distortion caused by the geometrical spreading throughout the ray path is compensated by the migration calculation. Nevertheless, this process has an expensive cost as well as is dependent from the velocity model. A routine less expensive than the other one and also more stable taking into account the velocity model, is to transform the seismic section obtained from the acquisition in common offsets in simulated section in zero offset with true amplitudes. This transformation is called true amplitude Zero Offset migration (TA MZO). In a media with constant velocity, the stack curve for the MZO and the weight function are reduced in analytic formulas, mitigating the computational effort. This work has two main objects: the first is to verify the TA MZO algorithm efficiency for a constant velocity in a synthetic model to a complex geology based on a Neo-Albian turbidity reservoir, where the assumption of constant velocity is not respected. The second one is to perform quantitative studies as results of the technique described above. Likewise, the study tries to analyze how useful is the methodology to compute the graphics for AVO and AVA analyses, helping the reservoir characterization.2015965Bleistein, N., Two and one half dimensional in plane wave propagation (1986) Geophysical Prospecting, 34, pp. 686-703. , S.IBleistein, N., Cohen, J., Jaramillo, H., True-amplitude transformation to zero offset of data from curved reflectors (1999) Geophysics, 64, pp. 112-129. , TulsaHubral, P., Tygel, M., Zien, H., Three-dimensional true-amplitude zero-offset migration (1991) Geophysics, 56, pp. 18-26. , TulsaSchleicher, J., A unified approach to 3D seismic reflection imaging. Part I: Basic concepts (1996) Geophysics, 61, pp. 742-758. , TulsaOliveira, A.S., Tygel, M., Filpo, E., On the application of true-amplitude DMO (1997) Journal of Seismic Exploration, 6, pp. 279-289. , Castelnau-le-LezRamos, A.C.B., True amplitude MZO and AVO: Application to real data (1997) International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society, 1, pp. 223-226. , 5., 1997, Rio de Janeiro. Proceedings. [Rio de Janeiro: SBGf], Expanded AbstractTygel, M., Multiple Weights in diffraction stack migration (1993) Geophysics, 59, pp. 1820-1830. , TulsaTygel, M., Schleicher, J., Hubral, P., Kirchhoff-Helmholtz theory in modelling and migration (1994) Journal of Seismic Exploration, 3, pp. 203-214. , Castelnau-le-LezP. Pulse distortion in deph migration (1994) Geophysics, 59, pp. 1561-1569. , TulsaTygel, M., Schleicher, J., Hubral, P., Dualities involving reflectors and reflection-time surfaces (1995) Journal of Seismic Exploration, 4, pp. 123-150. , Castelnau-le-LezTygel, M., Schleicher, J., Hubral, P., A unified approach to 3D seismic reflection imaging Part II: Theory (1996) Geophysics, 61, pp. 759-775. , TulsaTygel, M., Schleicher, J., Hubral, P., 2,5D Kirchhoff MZO in laterally inhomogeneous media (1998) Geophysics, 63, pp. 557-573. , TulsaTygel, M., Kirchhoff imaging for AVO/AVA (1999) The Leading Edge, 18, pp. 940-945. , S.

Effect of salt concentrations on in vitro rumen fermentation of cellulose, starch, and protein

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various concentrations of three salts (sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and calcium chloride (CaCl2)) on the in vitro rumen fermentation of cellulose, starch, and protein substrates. Six salt concentrations were tested, separately, namely 0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/dL. The experiment was conducted using the completely randomized design in a 6 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with main effects of salt concentration and salt type (six levels of three salts (NaCl, MgCl2, or CaCl2) (0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/dL) into three substrates [starch, cellulose, and glucose]) with three replicates. Cellulose- and glucose-fermenting bacteria were sensitive to NaCl concentrations greater than 400 mg/dL (17.48 decisiemens per metre (dS/m)) and 800 mg/dL (20.55 dS/m) in the media, respectively. In contrast, starch-fermenting bacteria continued to grow in NaCl concentrations up to 1600 mg/dL (29.09 dS/m). Thus, it was concluded that starch-fermenting microorganisms tolerated higher concentrations of NaCl compared with the other microbial groups. Cellulose-fermenting microorganisms are less tolerant to MgCl2 in relation to the other microbial groups. Starch, cellulose-, and glucose-fermenting bacteria from cattle tolerate CaCl2 concentrations of up to 1600 mg/dL (12.26 dS/m). These results suggest that brackish water may be used for ruminants. However, it is important perform an analysis of that water and then to adjust diets to minimize the effects of types of salt and concentrations of salt on rumen microorganisms. Keywords: brackish water, dissolved salts, rumen microbes, water qualit

Diagnostico preliminar para gerenciamento de resíduos comuns na Embrapa Clima Temperado.

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Digestible lysine effects on gene expression by Japanese quails in the pre-laying phase

This study aimed to determine the effects of digestible lysine levels in the diets of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on performance, blood parameters and the expression of insulin-like growth factor I, and growth hormone receptor (GHR), apolipoprotein A-I (APOA-I), acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) genes. A total of 288 seven-day-old female Japanese quails were randomly assigned to one of three diets that contained 0.8%, 1.10%, or 1.40% digestible lysine. The birds were slaughtered at 42 days old, and relative gene expression was evaluated in the liver by qRT-PCR using the 2-ΔCT method. Lysine supplementation had no effect on weight gain and feed conversion. Abdominal fat was lower in birds supplemented with 0.8% digestible lysine than those supplemented with 1.10% and 1.40%. Increased total cholesterol and triglycerides were elevated in quails that received supplementation of 1.10% digestible lysine compared with the other diets. High density lipoproteins were decreased in birds that received 0.8% digestible lysine. Quails fed with 1.40% digestible lysine had greater expression of GHR and APOA-I than quails fed diets with 0.8 and 1.10% (P <0.05). The greatest expressions of ACC and FAS were observed in the liver of quails fed with 0.8% digestible lysine. The current results suggest that lysine supplementation in the pre-laying phase allows birds to deposit muscle mass to reach the optimal conformation and body fatness that provides an energetic reserve for the productive phase by modulating the expression of genes related to growth and lipid metabolism. Keywords: Coturnix coturnix japonica, growth, growth hormone, lipid synthesis, lipid metabolis

Desenvolvimento de um coletor solar flexível e de baixo custo

CIES2020 - XVII Congresso Ibérico e XIII Congresso Ibero-americano de Energia SolarRESUMO: Esse trabalho reporta o desenvolvimento numérico de um coletor solar flexível e de baixo custo e a posterior fabricação de protótipos, em filme de poliuretano (PU). Foram projetados quatro modelos de coletores solares no software SolidWorks® e realizadas simulações no software ANSYS/FluentTM 18.2; os estudos de fabricação dos modelos foram realizados em conjunto com uma empresa de construção de insufláveis. O desempenho do sistema foi simulado para um coletor e depois para dois coletores, nas condições de inverno das cidades do Porto e de Fortaleza. O coletor forneceu água quente para uso a temperaturas próximas a 40ºC. Foi fabricado um protótipo que é flexível e de baixo custo para ser testado o seu desempenho térmico.ABSTRACT: These paper reports the development of a flexible and low-cost solar collector and posterior prototype manufacturing, in polyurethane film. Four models of solar collectors were designed in SolidWorks® software and simulated in ANSYS/FluentTM 18.2 software; the manufacturing studies of the models were carried out together an inflatable construction company. The systems were simulated for a collector and for two collectors in the winter conditions in the cities of Porto and Fortaleza. The collector provided hot water for use at approximately 40ºC. A low-cost and flexible prototype was manufactured and it´s thermal performance will be tested.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Magnetic Moment of the Fragmentation Aligned 61Fe(9/2)+ Isomer

We report on the g factor measurement of the isomer in $^{61}Fe$ ($E^{*}=861 keV$). The isomer was produced and spin-aligned via a projectile-fragmentation reaction at intermediate energy, the Time Dependent Perturbed Angular Distribution (TDPAD) method being used for the measurement of the g factor. For the first time, due to significant improvements of the experimental technique, an appreciable residual alignment of the isomer has been observed, allowing a precise determination of its g factor: $g=-0.229(2)$. Comparison of the experimental g factor with shell-model and mean field calculations confirms the $9/2^+$ spin and parity assignments and suggests the onset of deformation due to the intrusion of Nilsson orbitals emerging from the $\nu g_{9/2}$.Comment: 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let