Influencia do alumínio no desenvolvimento e composição mineral do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Seven cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L. were grown in nutrient solution in the presence and absence of aluminum. Da ta obtained herewith allowed for the following conclusions to be drawn: (1) plant height, root lenght and total dry weight decreased with increase of aluminum levels in the nutrient solution; (2) aluminum concentration in plant tissue increased with higher levels of aluminum in the substrate; decreases pf calcium and magnesium concentration in the dry matter in the presence of higher aluminum concentration in the nutrient solution were observed.Foram estudadas doses crescentes de alumínio em sete cultivares de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivados em solução nutritiva. A determinação de matéria seca permitiu verificar o efeito do alumínio no crescimento e no peso seco. As análises minerais da parte aérea e raiz forneceram indicações que ajudam na avaliação do estado nutricional da planta

Uso De água Residuária Da Piscicultura No Cultivo De Alface

Lettuce stands out as the main leafy vegetable consumed in Brazil, with divergence regarding adaptability to different environmental conditions, which include salinity. The objective of the work was to evaluate the response of lettuce cultivars to the use of saline wastewater from fish farming. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replicates, in a factorial 7 × 4, corresponding to seven cultivars (Regiane, Vera, Isabela, Elisa, Amelia, Lavinia and Angelina) and four salt concentrations (1.2, 2.2, 3.2 and 4.2 dS m-1). The evaluated characteristics were: number of leaves, leaf area, crown diameter and shoot fresh and dry matter. Diluted wastewater from fish farming can be used in the preparation of solution for fertigation of lettuce. The cultivars Regiane and Elisa had higher production of leaves and leaf area, while Amélia and Angelina were the most productive in terms of biomass. The cultivars Vera, Isabela, Amélia and Angelina were more tolerant to the salinity of the fertigation solution. © 2016, Departamento de Engenharia Agricola - UFCG/Cnpq. All rights reserved.20872873

Microencapsulación de compuestos de actividad biologica

La microencapsulación de compuestos de actividad biológica (ADN, fármacos, proteínas, probióticos, enzimas, etc.), desde el punto de vista tecnológico podría definirse como el proceso de recubrimiento de dichos compuestos, bajo la forma de moléculas, partículas sólidas o glóbulos líquidos, con materiales de distinta naturaleza, para dar lugar a partículas de tamaño micrométrico. Uno de los polímeros naturales más utilizados para la producción de microesferas es el quitosano. Diversos métodos han sido propuestos para la producción de microcápsulas divididos en tres grupos: procesos físicos, procesos químicos y procesos físico-químicos. En el presente trabajo se ensayaron distintas metodologías para la producción de microesferas y micropartículas de quitosano. Según la metodología empleada se obtuvieron distintos tipos de esferas en lo que respecta a tamaño y densidad. Las micropartículas obtenidas se evaluaron mediante microscopía óptica, electrónica de barrido, así como se realizó la evaluación de su estabilidad y liberación del agente encapsulado

Seleção De Genótipos De Tomateiro Para Processamento Com Alto Teor De Zingibereno Resistentes A Pragas

Tomato cultivars resistant to arthropod pests are an important tool to reduce the use of pesticides. Resistance sources can be found in wild Solanum species such as S. habrochaites, which shows high levels of zingiberene (ZGB). This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of a tomato F2 progeny to spider mite and whitefly by evaluating the ZGB content, in laboratory, in plants from the F2 population of the interspecific crossing Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Redenção x Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum (PI-127826), F1 plants, susceptible plants (cultivar Redenção) and plants of the wild species (PI-127826). From the F2 population, six plants with high content and three with low content of ZGB were selected. For evaluating the impact of ZGB on the spider mite behavior, the distance walked by spider mites from a central point was measured on the selected plants and their parents. For whitefly, the number of eggs and nymphs were quantified. Spider mites travelled shorter distances in plants with high ZGB content. Also, the number of whitefly eggs and nymphs was lower in these plants. Higher ZBG contents affected negatively both the spider mite and the whitefly behavior. © 2016, Sociedade de Olericultura do Brasil. All rights reserved.34338739

Ictiofauna De Riachos Da Bacia Do Baixo Rio Iguaçu, Estado Do Paraná, Brasil

The drainages of the Iguaçu River basin, as well as the main channel of the river, have peculiar characteristics resulting from geomorphological processes in this area, including the formation of the Iguaçu River Falls. This slope in the lower portion of the basin is a biogeographical barrier to many organisms. In this study was inventoried the fish fauna of streams of the lower Iguaçu River basin, evaluating possible differences in the species composition upstream and downstream of this biogeographical barrier. Sampling were conducted between 2004 and 2013, in five streams, three upstream and two downstream of the Iguaçu River Falls, using electrofishing. The nMDS analysis was run to investigate possible groupings of similar fauna between the streams sampled. The scores of this test were tested as to the significance of groupings with the Hotelling T2 test. The indicator value method (IndVal) was used to detect the distribution of species among the groups of the streams upstream and downstream of the Iguaçu River Falls. We collected 18,908 individuals of six orders, 11 families, and 40 species. Siluriformes and Characiformes had the highest species richness; Cyprinodontiformes presented the highest abundance. Considering the species recorded, 21 are considered natives to the Iguaçu River basin, including 15 endemic, wich were found only in streams upstream of the falls. Additional 18 species were verified only in the streams downstream of such barrier. Four species were common to both stretches. The axis 1 of the nMDS separated two groups: streams upstream (S1, S2 and S3) and streams downstream of the Iguaçu River Falls (S4 and S5). The indicator species analysis also indicated a distinction between the groups of streams, that were significantly different (Hotelling’s T2 = 234.36, p < 0.0001). The number of endemic species in the streams upstream of the Falls (15 spp.) evidences a significant effect of isolation promoted by the Iguaçu River Falls, and confirms the role of this barrier in the vicariant processes and endemism typical of this basin. These results emphasize the importance of conserving these ecosystems, once the extinction of species in this region means the irreversible loss of them. © 2016, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.16311

A bioactive formulation based on Fragaria vesca L. vegetative parts: chemical characterisation and application in κ-carrageenan gelatin

A bioactive formulation based on the vegetative parts of the wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca L., was developed by using a microencapsulated extract (lyophilized infusion form). For that purpose, a process based on an atomization/coagulation technique with alginate as the wall material was applied. Among the tested hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts, both obtained from wild and commercial samples, the infusion of a wild species emerged as the most antioxidative one. The higher amounts of flavonols and flavan-3-ols found in the aqueous extracts seem to be responsible for this greater antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the developed bioactive formulation was applied in k-carrageenan gelatin, being observed that the antioxidant properties of the extract were preserved, as compared with the free form. Thus, the antioxidant activity of the Fragaria vesca L. vegetative parts was demonstrated, as well as the advantages of using microencapsulation to produce effective bioactive formulations.Financial support was provided by FCT/MEC and FEDER under Programme PT2020 to LSRE (Project UID/EQU/50020/2013), CIMO (PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2014) and REQUIMTE (PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2014), and QREN, ON2 and FEDER (Project NORTE-07-0162-FEDER-000050 and NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000014). M.I. Dias and L. Barros thank FCT for SFRH/BD/84485/2012 grant and research contract (Compromisso para a Ciência 2008), respectively. G. Ruphuy thanks Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones de Costa Rica (MICITT) for her scholarship. The GIP-USAL is financially supported by the Spanish Government through the project BFU2012-35228

Aspetos nutricionais do arroz biofortificado em selénio

O Selénio (Se) é um elemento considerado essencial na saúde humana. No entanto regista-se um nível baixo de ingestão do mesmo, devido à sua escassez nos alimentos. O arroz é um dos cereais mais consumidos em todo o mundo. O aumento do teor de Se no arroz através de estratégias de melhoramento de plantas e de biofortificação agronómica poderá contribuir para um maior consumo deste elemento pelas populações. Este estudo pretende caracterizar alguns aspetos nutricionais do arroz biofortificado naturalmente em Se, obtido em ensaios de campo no Ribatejo, a partir de variedades comerciais (Ariete e Albatros) e linhas avançadas portuguesas (OP1105 e OP1109, Programa de Melhoramento do Arroz - INIAV/Cotarroz). Procedeu-se à aplicação foliar de Se sob a forma de selenato e selenito de sódio, em várias concentrações, com e sem adubação de fundo com selenato. A aplicação foliar (sem adubação de fundo) foi suficiente para obtenção de resultados satisfatórios. O Se distribuiu-se uniformemente pelo grão em todos os tratamentos. Alguns parâmetros nutricionais e de qualidade (lípidos, açúcares solúveis, proteína) foram avaliados na farinha obtida a partir dos grãos biofortificados. A concentração de Se nos grãos aumentou com os teores foliares de selenito e selenato aplicados, obtendo-se no entanto melhores resultados para o selenito. Observou-se variabilidade genética entre os genótipos, destacando-se Albatros e OP1105 pelos maiores teores de Se acumulados no grão, o que possibilita uma manipulação tecnológica relevante. As aplicações de Se provocaram alterações nos teores de ácidos gordos totais em alguns genótipos, resultantes de variações nos teores dos ácidos palmítico (C16:0), oleico (C18:1) e linoleico (C18:2). Os teores de açúcares solúveis e de proteína tenderam a aumentar com as concentrações mais elevadas de Se. De uma forma geral o peso de mil grãos (PMG) não foi significativamente afetado pelos tratamentos. Em síntese, os tratamentos aplicados parecem ser adequados tendo em vista a acumulação de Se no grão, não comprometendo a produção nem os parâmetros nutricionais. As concentrações de Se a serem aplicadas dependerão da finalidade industrial do arroz. Concentrações mais baixas de Se (30 a 60 g Se ha-1) serão mais adequadas para a biofortificação de arroz em áreas de cultivo extensas, enquanto que as mais elevadas (até 180 g Se ha-1) permitirão a obtenção de grãos com maior concentração de Se, que poderão ser submetidos ao processamento industrial (i.e., produção de farinha) e incorporar misturas com farinhas não biofortificadas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Role of germline aberrations affecting CTNNA1, MAP3K6 and MYD88 in gastric cancer susceptibility

Background: In approximately 10% of all gastric cancer (GC) cases, a heritable cause is suspected. A subset of these cases have a causative germline CDH1 mutation; however, in most cases the cause remains unknown. Our objective was to assess to what extent these remaining cases may be explained by germline mutations in the novel candidate GC predisposing genes CTNNA1, MAP3K6 or MYD88. Methods: We sequenced a large cohort of unexplained young and/or familial patients with GC (n=286) without a CDH1germline mutation for germline variants affecting CTNNA1, MAP3K6 and MYD88 using a targeted next-generation sequencing approach based on single-molecule molecular inversion probes. Results: Predicted deleterious germline variants were not encountered in MYD88, but recurrently observed in CTNNA1 (n=2) and MAP3K6 (n=3) in our cohort of patients with GC. In contrast to deleterious variants in CTNNA1, deleterious variants in MAP3K6 also occur frequently in the general population. Conclusions: Based on our results MAP3K6 should no longer be considered a GC predisposition gene, whereas deleterious CTNNA1 variants are confirmed as an infrequent cause of GC susceptibility. Biallelic MYD88 germline mutations are at most a very rare cause of GC susceptibility as no additional cases were identified