5 research outputs found
Zerovalent Fe, Co and Ni nanoparticle toxicity evaluated on SKOV-3 and U87 cell lines
ABSTRACT:We have considered nanoparticles (NPs) of Fe, Co and Ni, three transition metals sharing similar chemical properties.
NP dissolution, conducted by radioactive tracer method and inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry, indicated that NiNPs
and FeNPs released in the medium a much smaller amount of ions than that released by Co NPs. The two considered methodological
approaches, however, gave comparable but not identical results. All NPs are readily internalized by the cells, but their
quantity inside the cells is less than 5%. Cytotoxicity and gene expression experimentswere performed on SKOV-3 and U87 cells.
In both cell lines, CoNPs and NiNPs were definitely more toxic than FeNPs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments
aimed to evaluatemodifications of the expression of genes involved in the cellular stress response (HSP70, MT2A), or susceptible
to metal exposure (SDHB1 and MLL), or involved in specific cellular processes (caspase3, IQSEC1 and VMP1), gave different
response patterns in the two cell lines. HSP70, for example, was highly upregulated by CoNPs and NiNPs, but only in SKOV-3 cell
lines. Overall, this work underlines the difficulties in predicting NP toxicological properties based only on their chemical characteristics.
We, consequently, think that, at this stage of our knowledge, biological effects induced by metal-based NPs should be
examined on a case-by-case basis following studies on different in vitro models. Moreover, with the only exception of U87
exposed to Ni, our results suggest thatmetallic NPs have caused, on gene expression, similar effects to those caused by their cor-
Q2 responding ions
Cytotoxicity and morphological transforming potential of cobalt nanoparticles, microparticles and ions in Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblasts: an in vitro model.
We previously described the behaviour of different cobalt forms, i.e., cobalt nanoparticles (CoNP), cobalt microparticles (CoMP) and cobalt ions (Co2+), in culture medium (dissolution, interaction with medium components, bioavailability) as well as their uptake and intracellular distribution in Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblasts (Sabbioni, Nanotoxicology, 2012). Here, we assess the cytotoxicity and morphological transformation of CoNP compared not only to Co2+, but also to CoMP and to released Co products. Cytotoxicity reached maximum at 4-h exposure, with ranking CoMP > CoNP > Co2+. However, if we consider toxicity as a function of intracellular Co, toxicity of the ionic forms seems to prevail over the particles. Co forms other than Co2+ released from particles had toxicity intermediate between particles and ions. Alterations in concentrations of essential elements (Cu, Mg, Zn) in cells exposed to Co particles may contribute to toxicity. Both CoMP and CoNP (but not Co2+ and other released Co forms) induced morphological transformation (CoMP > CoNP). This was dependent on reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation, as indicated by inhibition of type III foci with ascorbic acid. The present results uggest that the previously demonstrated massive mitochondrial and nuclear Co internalisation and DNA adduct formation by CoMP and CoNP (Sabbioni, Nanotoxicology, 2012) induce toxicity and transformation. On the contrary, the role of ions released by particles in culture medium is negligible. Thus, both the chemical and the physical properties of Co particles contribute to cytotoxicity and morphological transformation.JRC.F.3-Chemicals Safety and Alternative Method