A multi criteria group decision making approach based on fuzzy measure theory to assess the different gene regions used in rodent species

Many mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions are used in phylogenetic and taxonomic studies to investigate the historical background of the species and to present the hierarchy of the species. In this paper, we consider the problem of proposing a favorable gene region that determines the diversification of rodent species as a multi criteria group decision making problem. We use fuzzy measure theory and fuzzy integrals to get the results. We conclude with different fuzzy measures and fuzzy integral techniques that COI gene region which is preferred in animal barcoding studies is more favorable.Publisher's Versio

Taxonomic status of Dahl’s Jird, Meriones dahli, as inferred from cytochrome b and IRBP gene sequences (Mammalia: Rodentia)

Dahl’s Jird, Meriones dahli, is distributed in Armenia and eastern Turkey and was previously considered as a subspecies of M. meridianus based on morphological characters. We examined the taxonomic status of Dahl’s Jird using two gene regions, the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene and the Inter Retinoid Binding Protein (IRBP), a nuclear gene. Phylogenetic trees and median-joining networks confirmed the close relationship between M. dahli and M. meridianus. The evolutionary divergence time between these populations was estimated 750 Kya, indicating that these populations diverged in the Middle Pleistocene. The genetic distance between M. dahli and M. meridianus was 4% for Cytb and 0.6% for IRBP. In conclusion, we characterized the genetic distance using molecular methods. We propose the relegation of M. dahli back to subspecies status as M. m. dahli

Determination of genetic variations between Apodemus mystacinus populations distributed in Turkey inferred from mtDNA PCR–RFLP

Karacan Olgun, Gül ( Aksaray, Yazar )The rocky mouse, Apodemus mystacinus, is a rodent species distributed in Anatolia. A total of 108 specimens from 19 localities in Turkey were collected to study the molecular variation of A. mystacinus inferred from RFLP of mtDNA cytochrome b (cytb) and D-loop. MboI, HaeIII, and RsaI from cytb digestion and MboI, Bf aI, and Hinf I from D-loop digestion showed differentiation among the studied specimens. The UPGMA dendrogram of the combined data of cytb and D-loop indicated 3 main clades, A. m. euxinus, A. m. mystacinus, and A. m. smy rnensis, distributed in Turkey. The haplotype diversity observed in the present study was high. Furthermore, the fixation index values (FST) ranged from 0.75093 to 0.83384, which indicated high diversity among the clades. These 3 A. mystacinus clades of Turkey were also supported by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) results, by revealing that genetic diversity was higher among groups (79.55%) than within the groups...

The roles of possible geographic barriers and geological events on the phylogeographic structure of the Eastern broad toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus)

*Olgun Karacan, Gül ( Aksaray, Yazar )The Eastern broad toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus, is a rodent species distributed in Turkey, the Middle East, and a few Aegean Islands. The aim of this study is to analyse the phylogeographic structure of A. mystacinus and possible causes of its differentiation, on the basis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences using a large number of new samples from Turkey. In this context, partial mitochondrial sequences of cytochrome b (Cytb), control region (D-loop) and a nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) gene were used to reveal the geographical differentiation among A. mystacinus populations and the validity of its subspecies. The estimated divergence times revealed that the first separation of A. mystacinus into three distinct groups (subspecies of A. mystacinus: A. m. mystacinus, A. m. smyrnensis, and A. m. euxinus) begun 0.641 Mya. The possible physical barriers in Anatolia such as high mountains and rivers could interrupt the gene flow between A. mystacinus populations. The results of the present study indicated that A. mystacinus might have used the high rocky areas along the Anatolian Diagonal as a dispersal way. Moreover, mitochondrial data in this study suggested for the first time that A. m. rhodius is synonymous with the nominative subspecies A. m. mystacinus

La participation dans la philosophie de S. Thomas d'Aquin

Port. con grav. xi

Population Genetic Variability of Myodes glareolus (Schreber, 1780) (Mammalia: Rodentia) Distributed in Northern Anatolia as Revealed by RAPD - PCR Analysis

The bank vole, Myodes glareolus, lives in deciduous forests in Northern Anatolia. Eighty-four individuals collected from 17 localities in Turkey were studied to reveal the differentiation of M. glareolus by RAPD markers. Fifteen RAPD markers were tested and they yielded 142 DNA bands. Nei's (1978) genetic distance and similarity calculations were used in order to show the genetic relationships between the populations studied. The total genetic diversity and genetic differentiation values were calculated as H=0.1571 and G ST=0.4170, respectively. Nei's genetic distance (D) ranged from 0.026 to 0.124. Thus the most genetically distant populations were Kandira and Sümela with D=0.124, while the closest ones were Şile and Kandira with D=0.026. The dendrogram based on the genetic distance data showed two main groups. The first group, including western populations, was divided into two subgroups; the first subgroup contained the Uludag population and the second subgroup the remaining western populations. The second group, including eastern populations, was also separated into two subgroups. The first subgroup consisted of the Sümela population while the other eastern populations formed the second subgroup

Genetic variations of Turkish bank vole, Myodes glareolus (Mammalia: Rodentia) inferred from mtDNA

PubMed ID: 26540489The bank vole, Myodes glareolus, lives in deciduous forests throughout the Palearctic region. In Turkey, this species is distributed only in northern Anatolia (the Black Sea region) where these forests exist. This study reveals genetic differentiation among bank vole populations based on two regions of mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b and D-loop). Populations in northern Anatolia are divided into two genetic lineages (the “eastern” and “western Black Sea” lineages) by the Kızılırmak Valley. While the western Black Sea lineage is close to the Balkan lineage, in accordance with their geographical proximities, surprisingly, the Uludag lineage, also situated in Western Turkey appears related to the eastern Black Sea population. The divergence time analyses suggest a separation between the Balkan and Turkish groups around 0.26 Mya, whereas the split between the eastern and western Black sea lineages appeared a little bit later (0.20 Mya). Our results suggest that regional refuges existed for this species in Turkey and that small-scale habitat fragmentations led to genetic differentiations between Myodes populations. © 2015 Taylor & Francis

Genetic variations of Turkish bank vole, <i>Myodes glareolus</i> (Mammalia: Rodentia) inferred from mtDNA

<p>The bank vole, <i>Myodes glareolus</i>, lives in deciduous forests throughout the Palearctic region. In Turkey, this species is distributed only in northern Anatolia (the Black Sea region) where these forests exist. This study reveals genetic differentiation among bank vole populations based on two regions of mitochondrial DNA (<i>cytochrome b</i> and <i>D-loop</i>). Populations in northern Anatolia are divided into two genetic lineages (the “eastern” and “western Black Sea” lineages) by the Kızılırmak Valley. While the western Black Sea lineage is close to the Balkan lineage, in accordance with their geographical proximities, surprisingly, the Uludag lineage, also situated in Western Turkey appears related to the eastern Black Sea population. The divergence time analyses suggest a separation between the Balkan and Turkish groups around 0.26 Mya, whereas the split between the eastern and western Black sea lineages appeared a little bit later (0.20 Mya). Our results suggest that regional refuges existed for this species in Turkey and that small-scale habitat fragmentations led to genetic differentiations between <i>Myodes</i> populations.</p