Most transit agencies did not turn to contracting out services in response to the fiscal pressures of the Great Recession

The Great Recession of 2007 – 2009 put financial pressure on transit agencies from declining fees and state allocations. In new research, Olga V. Smirnova and Suzanne Leland look at whether or not the agencies responded to these financial pressures by contracting out services. Using national survey data from 2009, 2011 and 2013, they found that this was not the case. Transit agencies, they argue, are path-dependent in their contracting out decisions; they are influenced by both political and economic factors

Formation of bachelors’ competence readiness to work in a team

The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of forming the competence of bachelors' readiness to work in a team. This competence is characterized by the ability of the student to realize their role in the team and to carry out social interaction, to focus on cooperation with team members. The requirements for training modern bachelors who are capable of continuous personal and professional growth through effective collective work are reflected in regulatory documents. In the structure of the competence of readiness to work in a team, we distinguish motivational, cognitive and functional components. Their formation is carried out in the course of studying the module "Man, society, culture", the disciplines "Fundamentals of management culture", "General psychology" and others. Where a significant role is played by the use of innovative educational technologies that contribute to building effective interaction between students. Special attention is paid to the development of such qualities of the student as sociability, openness, a sense of mutual assistance, positive emotional mood. Modern educational technologies of interaction have an active impact on the process of forming the bachelor's competencies of readiness to work in a team

ФИГУРЫ ТАНАТОСА И ЭРОСА В ПОЭТИКЕ А. С. ПУШКИНА

The article deals with ontological issues of creativity and mortal implied sense of Pushkin's fairy tale. The study object is the figures of Thanatos and Eros in ‘The Tale of the Golden Cockerel’ fairy tale. The images of King Dadon and the Queen of Shamakhan are revealed in symbiotic relationship with folklore aesthetics. Reference to folklore is caused not only by genre of the work but also by metaphysical nature of oral tradition since the Russian people have a special attitude to the theme of death. This is evidenced by the Russian fairy tale with search of “the other kingdom” in which a hero must suffer a temporary death in order to get a wonderful object, save a prophetic bride and obtain the sacred knowledge.El artículo trata sobre cuestiones ontológicas de la creatividad y el sentido implícito mortal del cuento de hadas de Pushkin. El objeto de estudio son las figuras de Thanatos y Eros en el cuento de hadas "El cuento del gallo de oro". Las imágenes del rey Dadon y la reina de Shamakhan se revelan en una relación simbiótica con la estética del folklore. La referencia al folclore es causada no solo por el género de la obra sino también por la naturaleza metafísica de la tradición oral, ya que el pueblo ruso tiene una actitud especial hacia el tema de la muerte. Esto se evidencia en el cuento de hadas ruso con la búsqueda del "otro reino" en el que un héroe debe sufrir una muerte temporal para obtener un objeto maravilloso, salvar a una novia profética y obtener el conocimiento sagrado.В статье рассматриваются онтологические вопросы творчества, мортальный подтекст пушкинской сказки. Предметом исследования выступают фигуры Танатоса и Эроса в «Сказке о золотом петушке». Образы царя Дадона и Шамаханской Царицы раскрываются в неразрывной связи с фольклорной эстетикой. Обращение к фольклору обусловлено не только жанром произведения, но и самой метафизической природой устного народного творчества, так как русский народ особым образом относится к теме смерти. Об этом свидетельствует и русская волшебная сказка с поисками «иного царства», в которой герой обязательно должен пережить временную смерть, чтобы добыть чудесный предмет, выручить вещую невесту, приобщиться к сакральным знаниям

Stress resistance in building a career in sports

In the modern world, a person is exposed to various stress-resistant situations that push a person to the emergence of various kinds of stress. The article focuses on the characteristics of the concepts of “stress tolerance”, “stress tolerance in sport”, “career”, “professional career”, “career in sport”: the main features and details. The purpose of the article is to study the psychoemotional state of an athlete; the development and testing of a program of psychological assistance to athletes who find themselves in a stressful situation when building a sports career. The article focuses on the features of psychological assistance to athletes who are in a stressful situation when building a sports career, by means of psychological counseling. The study of the emotional and personal sphere of athletes, the features of psychological assistance to athletes who are in a stressful situation when building a sports career, by means of psychological counseling. The framework, topics of counseling and support when dealing with stress in athletes in the study touched the framework of personal psychology. Let us analyze the results obtained by the method "Scale of rapid diagnosis of the level of neurotization." The presented fact allows us to judge the emerging trend among athletes who fall into the category of people who find themselves in a stressful situation, towards the development of instability of the emotional background. Also, this can often lead to mood recessions and an increased indicator of personal frustration in the event of a failure in competitions and in the usual training process, that is, in everyday life. This fact can tell us about the likelihood of a conflict within their personality. The achieved results can be used in programs of advisory work of a psychologist-consultant with athletes who have experienced stressful situations when building a sports career

Desenvolvimento de conteúdos de programas educativos de formação complementar para composição de professores na organização de serviços educativos de formação com deficiência

Guided by the results of the experimental work, the authors came to the conclusion that the use of the electronic educational and methodical complex in mathematics on the basis of modular qualification training technology is essential. The current stage in the development of educational systems is characterized by the emergence and practical introduction of inclusive education for children with disabilities in general education organizations. Inclusion in the educational process of children with disabilities is dictated not only by modern normative documents, but also by the social need for inclusive education. One of the conditions for the preparation of children with disabilities in the educational environment is the quality and special training of teachers who must possess certain knowledge and skills to work with children with disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to address the problem of training teachers in additional vocational education to work with children with disabilities. We conducted a training experiment, in which the professors of the university participated. The purpose of the pilot work was to improve the quality of teacher training in additional professional education to create an inclusive educational environment in the university. The legislative concepts of the Russian Federation are justified. One of the priority directions for the education of children with mental retardation (intellectual disabilities) along with general education is to give them a real opportunity to obtain a profession. The requirements for the results of the development of the complementary education program for children reflect the set of individual, public and state needs. The article gives an example of the developed program of additional professional education for the teaching staff and gives an example of the subject matter of the taught modules. Applying the teacher's professional skills training technology in additional education, additional education courses have been developed for the teaching staff of the university. An example is given of the opening of a resource center at the K. Minin University, which allows solving the main tasks of vocational training for children with disabilities.Guiados por los resultados del trabajo experimental, los autores llegaron a la conclusión de que el uso del complejo educativo y metódico electrónico en matemáticas sobre la base de la tecnología de capacitación de calificación modular es esencial. La etapa actual en el desarrollo de los sistemas educativos se caracteriza por el surgimiento y la introducción en la práctica de la educación inclusiva de los niños con discapacidades en las organizaciones de educación general. La inclusión en el proceso educativo de los niños con discapacidades está dictada no solo por los documentos normativos modernos, sino también por la necesidad social de una educación inclusiva. Una de las condiciones para la preparación de niños con discapacidades en el entorno educativo es la calidad y la capacitación especial de los maestros que deben poseer ciertos conocimientos y habilidades para trabajar con niños con discapacidades. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo abordar el problema de la capacitación de maestros en educación vocacional adicional para trabajar con niños discapacitados. Realizamos un experimento formativo, en el que participaron los profesores de la universidad. El propósito del trabajo piloto fue mejorar la calidad de la capacitación de los maestros en la educación profesional adicional para crear un ambiente educativo inclusivo en la universidad. Los conceptos a nivel legislativo de la Federación de Rusia están justificados. Una de las direcciones prioritarias para la educación de los niños con retraso mental (discapacidades intelectuales) junto con la educación general es brindarles una oportunidad real de obtener una profesión. Los requisitos para los resultados del desarrollo del programa de educación complementaria para niños reflejan el conjunto de necesidades individuales, públicas y estatales. El artículo da un ejemplo del programa desarrollado de educación profesional adicional para el personal docente y se da un ejemplo de la materia de los módulos enseñados. Aplicando la tecnología de formación de competencias profesionales del docente en la educación adicional, se han desarrollado cursos de educación adicionales para el personal docente de la universidad. Se da un ejemplo de la apertura de un centro de recursos en la Universidad K. Minin, que permite resolver las tareas principales de la formación profesional para niños con discapacidades.Guiados pelos resultados do trabalho experimental, os autores chegaram à conclusão de que o uso do complexo educacional e metódico eletrônico em matemática com base na tecnologia de treinamento modular de qualificação é essencial. O estágio atual no desenvolvimento de sistemas educacionais é caracterizado pelo surgimento e introdução prática da educação inclusiva para crianças com deficiência em organizações de educação geral. A inclusão no processo educacional das crianças com deficiência é ditada não apenas pelos documentos normativos modernos, mas também pela necessidade social de educação inclusiva. Uma das condições para a preparação de crianças com deficiência no ambiente educacional é a qualidade e treinamento especial de professores que devem possuir certos conhecimentos e habilidades para trabalhar com crianças com deficiência. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo abordar o problema da formação de professores em educação profissional adicional para trabalhar com crianças com deficiência. Realizamos um experimento de treinamento, no qual participaram os professores da universidade. O objetivo do trabalho piloto foi melhorar a qualidade da formação de professores em educação profissional adicional para criar um ambiente educacional inclusivo na universidade. Os conceitos legislativos da Federação Russa são justificados. Uma das direções prioritárias para a educação de crianças com retardo mental (deficiência intelectual), juntamente com a educação geral, é dar-lhes uma oportunidade real de obter uma profissão. Os requisitos para os resultados do desenvolvimento do programa de educação complementar para crianças refletem o conjunto de necessidades individuais, públicas e estatais. O artigo dá um exemplo do programa desenvolvido de formação profissional adicional para o corpo docente e dá um exemplo do assunto dos módulos ensinados. Aplicando a tecnologia de treinamento de habilidades profissionais do professor em educação adicional, foram desenvolvidos cursos de educação adicionais para o corpo docente da universidade. Um exemplo é dado da abertura de um centro de recursos na Universidade K. Minin, que permite resolver as principais tarefas de formação profissional para crianças com deficiência

A experiência de usar o webinar na preparação de especialistas em engenharia

The development of modern society in the context of computerization is associated with the introduction of information and communication technologies in all spheres of human life. Modern trends in the development of society as a whole and Russian education update attention to the development of distance education, which is based on the need for specialists in the continuous and rapid acquisition of new knowledge, without which the Business success and professional growth in a technologically advanced society is impossible, one of those resources is a webinar. We conducted a training experiment with 20 students from the State Pedagogical University of Nizhny Novgorod. The purpose of the pilot work was to test the effectiveness of conducting webinars to improve the quality of student education. The webinar performed differs significantly from those already available. With the help of this, student activity becomes more independent, there is an active pedagogical interaction between the students and the teacher, acquiring a research orientation. Guided by the results of the experimental work, they came to the conclusion that the use of webinars in the process of teaching students became a motivating factor in the learning process in general, while studying the academic disciplines, the practice of interest, there was an Interest in independent work, self-examination and self-assessment of knowledge and skills. The article summarizes the results of the web seminar "The state of housing and communal services problems in the Nizhny Novgorod region", carried out by the Technology Service and Technological Education Department of the State Pedagogical University of Nizhny Novgorod. The article shows the experience of organizing the professional training of specialists in the field of housing and community services, which is implemented in stages.El desarrollo de la sociedad moderna en el contexto de la informatización está asociado con la introducción de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en todas las esferas de la vida humana. Las tendencias modernas en el desarrollo de la sociedad en su conjunto y de la educación rusa actualizan la atención al desarrollo de la educación a distancia, que se basa en la necesidad de especialistas en la adquisición continua y rápida de nuevos conocimientos, sin los cuales el éxito empresarial y el crecimiento profesional en una sociedad tecnológicamente avanzada es imposible, uno de esos recursos es un seminario web. Llevamos a cabo un experimento formativo con 20 estudiantes de la Universidad Pedagógica Estatal de Nizhny Novgorod. El propósito del trabajo piloto fue probar la efectividad de la realización de seminarios web para mejorar la calidad de la educación de los estudiantes. El webinar realizado difiere significativamente de los ya disponibles. Con la ayuda de ello, la actividad de los estudiantes se vuelve más independiente, hay una interacción pedagógica activa entre los estudiantes y el profesor, adquiriendo una orientación de investigación. Guiados por los resultados del trabajo experimental, llegaron a la conclusión de que el uso de seminarios web en el proceso de enseñanza a los estudiantes se convirtió en un factor motivador en el proceso de aprendizaje en general, mientras estudiaba las disciplinas académicas, la práctica de interés, había una Interés por el trabajo independiente, el autoexamen y la autoevaluación de conocimientos y habilidades. El artículo resume los resultados del seminario web "El estado de los problemas de vivienda y servicios comunales en la región de Nizhny Novgorod", realizado por el Departamento de Tecnología de Servicio y Educación Tecnológica de la Universidad Pedagógica Estatal de Nizhny Novgorod. El artículo muestra la experiencia de organizar la formación profesional de especialistas en el campo de la vivienda y los servicios comunitarios, que se implementa en etapas.O desenvolvimento da sociedade moderna no contexto da informatização está associado à introdução de tecnologias de informação e comunicação em todas as esferas da vida humana. As tendências modernas no desenvolvimento da sociedade como um todo e a educação russa chamam a atenção para o desenvolvimento da educação à distância, que se baseia na necessidade de especialistas na aquisição contínua e rápida de novos conhecimentos, sem os quais a O sucesso comercial e o crescimento profissional em uma sociedade tecnologicamente avançada são impossíveis, um desses recursos é um webinar. Realizamos um experimento de treinamento com 20 alunos da Universidade Pedagógica Estadual de Nizhny Novgorod. O objetivo do trabalho piloto foi testar a eficácia da realização de webinars para melhorar a qualidade da educação dos alunos. O webinar realizado difere significativamente daqueles já disponíveis. Com a ajuda disto, a atividade do aluno torna-se mais independente, há uma interação pedagógica ativa entre os alunos e o professor, adquirindo uma orientação de pesquisa. Guiada pelos resultados do trabalho experimental concluiu que o uso de seminários web em ensinar os alunos tornouse um fator de motivação no processo de aprendizagem em geral, ao estudar as disciplinas acadêmicas, a prática interesse, houve um interesse em trabalho independente, auto-exame e auto-avaliação de conhecimentos e habilidades. O artigo resume os resultados do seminário web "O estado dos problemas de habitação e serviços comunitários na região de Nizhny Novgorod", realizado pelo Departamento de Tecnologia e Serviço de Educação Tecnologia da Universidade Pedagógica Estado de Nizhny Novgorod. O artigo mostra a experiência de organizar a formação profissional de especialistas na área de habitação e serviços comunitários, que é implementada em etapas

Modern technologies in working with gifted students

Intellectual potential acts as a driving force of social and economic development of the modern state. In a high-tech society, there is a significant increase in interest in identifying and implementing the intellectual abilities of young people. The purpose of the article is to review the experience of using modern educational technologies in working with gifted students. The paper explores the implementation of innovative technologies, including games, projects, and collaborative learning technologies. The use of project and game technologies allows to develop the creative potential of students, to form an experience of research and creative activity, to activate cognitive interest by combining theory and practice. Modern educational technologies expand the opportunities for the formation and development of children's giftedness. Giftedness is a high level of development of any abilities. They are a special resource that forms the basis of the country's competitiveness and potential, which is updated as socially significant in the context of the analysis of fundamental documents in the field of education. Educational technologies allow not only to have a purposeful educational impact on students but also to create a variable, enriched, individualized educational environment that promotes the development of independence and self-learning ability

Повышение уровня готовности преподавателей к педагогическому проектированию

In the situation of pedagogical theory focus on a new personality-oriented and competence paradigm of education and upbringing, it becomes necessary to develop design activities of all subjects of educational process in a preschool educational institution. The relevance of the study is due to insufficient development of pedagogical design processes in a preschool educational institution. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to improve pedagogical design process in a preschool educational institution to increase the level of teachers' readiness for pedagogical activity.Pedagogical design in preschool educational institutions is very important due to the following socio-economic, psychological and pedagogical requirements: the development of market relations; development of design taking into account innovative processes in education; need for social protection of a person, preparing him for life in future. The authors developed a model of pedagogical design that ensures unity of administrative, pedagogical, educational activities of the subjects of educational process, thereby improving the level of management activities organization, personal and professional development of teachers and pupils. The treated results will contribute to further improvement of pedagogical design.En la situación de la teoría pedagógica centrada en un nuevo paradigma de educación y educación orientado a la personalidad y competencia, se hace necesario desarrollar actividades de diseño de todas las materias del proceso educativo en una institución educativa preescolar. La relevancia del estudio se debe al desarrollo insuficiente de los procesos de diseño pedagógico en una institución educativa preescolar. Por lo tanto, el propósito del artículo es mejorar el proceso de diseño pedagógico en una institución educativa preescolar para aumentar el nivel de preparación de los docentes para la actividad pedagógica. El diseño pedagógico en las instituciones educativas preescolares es muy importante debido a los siguientes aspectos socioeconómicos, psicológicos y pedagógicos. requisitos: el desarrollo de las relaciones de mercado; desarrollo de diseño teniendo en cuenta procesos innovadores en educación; necesidad de protección social de una persona, preparándolo para la vida en el futuro. Los autores desarrollaron un modelo de diseño pedagógico que garantiza la unidad de las actividades administrativas, pedagógicas y educativas de los sujetos del proceso educativo, mejorando así el nivel de organización de las actividades de gestión, el desarrollo personal y profesional de los docentes y alumnos. Los resultados tratados contribuirán a una mayor mejora del diseño pedagógico.В ситуации, когда педагогическая теория ориентируется на новую личностно-ориентированную и компетентностную парадигму обучения и воспитания, возникает необходимость в разработке проектных мероприятий всех субъектов образовательного процесса в дошкольном образовательном учреждении. Актуальность исследования обусловлена недостаточной разработкой процессов педагогического проектирования в дошкольном образовательном учреждении. Поэтому целью статьи является совершенствование процесса педагогического проектирования в дошкольном образовательном учреждении с целью повышения уровня готовности педагогов к педагогической деятельности. Педагогическое проектирование в дошкольных образовательных учреждениях очень важен в связи со следующими социально-экономическими, психолого-педагогическими требованиями: развитие рыночных отношений; разработка дизайна с учетом инновационных процессов в образовании; необходимость социальной защиты человека, подготовка его к жизни в будущем. Авторами разработана модель педагогического проектирования, обеспечивающая единство управленческой, педагогической, образовательной деятельности субъектов образовательного процесса, тем самым повышается уровень организации управленческой деятельности, личностного и профессионального развития учителей и учеников. Выявленные результаты будут способствовать дальнейшему совершенствованию педагогического проектирования