European experience and Ukrainian realities in the policy of financial support entrepreneurial sector

Aim/purpose – We want to provide recommendations to bridge the gap in access to financing of the entrepreneurial sector in Ukraine based on the analysis of European experience, EBF approaches, financial funds for SMEs and the current state of the credit market in Ukraine. Design/methodology/approach – We used the general scientific methods of knowledge, conceptual tenets of the theory of market economy, abstract logical analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical (to determine the nature and causes of bank investment in SMEs, refine categories and terms); formalization, systems analysis (to determine factors of investment banking, institutional and legal environment); statistical, retrospective analysis. The results of surveys conducted by the EBF on the issues of support and development of SMEs are used, own research of 120 Ukrainian SMEs, which was conducted during the period from January to July 2016. The nature of the research questions was reinforced by the decision to survey only SMEs. Independent reporting (from entrepreneurs or CEOs) was used to account for both business activity and the external sources of information. Findings – Policy initiatives should primarily be developed at the national level in the field of lending to SMEs based on the European experience and Ukrainian realities; it is necessary to develop an understanding of the need for access to certain types of information; SMEs are the main providers and the most valuable source of credit information. Research implications/limitations – When using the methods of calculation creditworthiness perhaps to take into account the methods for assessing the quality of management, the image of the enterprise, ISO certificates. Originality/value/contribution – Based on the cross-country comparison of the EU and Ukraine, highlight the necessity of focusing on some legal unification of SME lending procedures for the development of a culture of sustainable entrepreneurship on the European continent

The role of the entrepreneurial University at formation of the innovation activities of SMEs in the region

The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate the approaches to the development of entrepreneurial qualities to enhance innovative activity and purposeful development of innovative capacity of Kharkov Region and Ukraine. The approaches to the development of entrepreneurial qualities to enhance innovative activity and purposeful development of innovative capacity of Kharkov Region and Ukraine based on European practices are demonstrated in the article. In this article is important to study the interaction of society, the university and SMEs to form the most favorable conditions for innovative activity in the region and the economy as a whole. The publication is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of entrepreneurial, research and communication skills in the student community needs for SMEs. The survey of enterprises that was helped to get an understanding of existing innovation practices of enterprises in Kharkiv Region and to determine the role of universities in the innovation activities

Evaluation of rabbit meat microbiota from the viewpoint of marketing method

Microbiological analysis was performed on carcasses of rabbits coming from domestic slaughter, purchased at butcher shops, vacuum-packaged and purchased in supermarkets, as well as frozen. The total number of analysed rabbits was 20. For all samples the following microbiological parameters were determined: total microorganisms count (TAC), the count of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), psychrotropic microorganisms, moulds and yeasts, as well as bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Total microorganisms count was the highest (p <0.05) in rabbit meat from butcher shops (5.34 log CFU.g-1). The counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in rabbit meat originating from domestic breeding was 2.58 log CFU.g-1, in vacuum-packaged rabbits 3.18 log CFU.g-1, in frozen rabbits 2.29 log CFU.g-1, and in rabbit meat purchased from butcher shops 3.58 log CFU.g-1. The highest count (p <0.05) of Enterobacteriaceae was observed in samples from butcher shops, namely 2.91 log CFU.g-1. In contrast the lowest count (p <0.05) was in rabbit meat from home slaughtering at 1.47 log CFU.g-1 and in frozen ones at 1.36 log CFU.g-1. The lowest counts (p <0.05) of moulds and yeasts were observed in rabbit meat from domestic slaughter, namely 1.12 log CFU.g-1. The highest counts (p <0.05) were in rabbit meat from butcher shops 2.97 log CFU.g-1. The highest counts (p <0.05) of psychrotrophic microorganisms were detected in rabbit meat from butcher shops, namely 4.98 log CFU g-1 and the lowest ones (p <0.05) in the meat of domestically slaughtered rabbits at 2.52 log CFU.g-1. In all monitored microbiological indicators, we have found differences (p <0.05) in their counts on the surface and inside the muscle tissue, both on the front and rear parts of the rabbit carcass.O

Nematic liquid crystal devices with sub-millisecond response time

Conventional nematic liquid crystal devices exhibit switching times that are in the order of several milliseconds. In this work we focus on two types of nematic liquid crystals that can overcome the limitations of conventional nematic liquid crystals and allow sub-millisecond switching times for both switching on and off: nano-pore polymer-liquid crystals and dual-frequency liquid crystals

State policy in the field of innovation in Russia

The current stage of development of the entire world community, including Russia, is associated with the transition to the sixth technological order, the development of Industry 4.0, and the development of the digital economy. The importance of solving the problem of Russia's transition to an innovative path of development is obvious; numerous scientific publications of the last two decades have been devoted to this. However, the real results of the policy of the Russian state in the field of innovation are rather contradictory. Within the framework of this article, the evolution of state policy, its current trends and problems in the field of innovations in the Russian Federation are considered. The purpose of this study is to identify the features and prospects of the innovation policy of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the following tasks were set: to determine the place of Russia in the modern world in terms of the development of the innovation system, as well as its potential, to identify the features, strengths and weaknesses of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of innovation, and to determine possible directions for its adjustment in order to overcome the country's lag in the innovation field. Based on the results of the study, directions of economic development have been proposed. The conclusions obtained in the course of the study may be of interest to the scientific community studying the experience and problems of organizing and managing innovations in the countries solving the problem of keeping pace with the leaders of innovative development by mastering the advantages and possibilities of transition to a new technological order, the fourth industrial revolution and digitalization of the economy

Analytical approaches to strategic business management

The article explains scientific and theoretical approaches to determining the value of the enterprise in the system of value-based management. The article examines the necessity of using internal fundamental value of the company’s potential as a criterion for selecting alternative strategies as well as defines parameters and factors of its growth. The article specifies the meaning of internal fundamental value of the company’s potential in the formation of the business market value. The development of the methodological tools of strategic economic efficiency evaluation is critically analyzed. Innovative methods of strategic management are systematized as well as their role in the formation of internal fundamental value of the company’s potential is detailed, methods aimed at evaluating the cost and methods that lead to its creation are discussed. The article explains the priority of using the balance management concept in order to improve manageability of the company and its internal fundamental value. Moreover, the relationship between strategic management and key performance indicators are shown as well as reasonable requirements for its formation

Fast polarization insensitive optical shutters using dual frequency liquid crystals

Most of the existing displays and optical shutters based on liquid crystals work in combination with linear polarizers. This implies that often more than half of the light is lost due to optical loss in the polarizers and/or the fact that the incoming light is unpolarized. For a number of shutter and filter applications it is important to have a high transmission, while it is not necessary to have a very high contrast. When considering nematic liquid crystals for use in fast optical shutters or filters, a number of possibilities exist. Dual-frequency liquid crystals offer faster switching possibilities because they can be switched from one state to another with a low frequency voltage and switching back can be achieved with the aid of a high frequency voltage. One of the limiting factors for the switching speed of dual-frequency nematics is the appearance of backflow. As in vertically aligned nematic devices, a certain threshold voltage exists above which the switching speed increases drastically [1]. Above the backflow threshold, the liquid crystal ends up in a meta-stable twisted orientation as shown in the figure below