SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING: CURRENT CHALLENGESAND SOLUTIONS

This research focuses on challenges in simultaneous interpreting in the areas that are closely connected with it including history, current status, training, quality and assessment, necessary skills, non-language issues, working issues and strategies used in simultaneous interpreting based on the survey findings and interpreted speech analysis from Russian into English. The importance of this study is explained by the rapidly-developing simultaneous interpreting which has become an essential part in international organisations. The research covered quantitative and qualitative analysis of the findings obtained during the survey and speech analysis which allowed to draw a number of conclusions and propose recommendations which can be implemented and enhance the sphere of simultaneous interpreting. The results and findings of current research contribute to the study of a relatively new and fast-developing profession of the simultaneous interpreter

SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETING: CURRENT CHALLENGESAND SOLUTIONS

This research focuses on challenges in simultaneous interpreting in the areas that are closely connected with it including history, current status, training, quality and assessment, necessary skills, non-language issues, working issues and strategies used in simultaneous interpreting based on the survey findings and interpreted speech analysis from Russian into English. The importance of this study is explained by the rapidly-developing simultaneous interpreting which has become an essential part in international organisations. The research covered quantitative and qualitative analysis of the findings obtained during the survey and speech analysis which allowed to draw a number of conclusions and propose recommendations which can be implemented and enhance the sphere of simultaneous interpreting. The results and findings of current research contribute to the study of a relatively new and fast-developing profession of the simultaneous interpreter

MOVIES AS A TOOL FOR ELT

Background. The challenge of learning a foreign language has always been topical. The advantages of using digital video movies in the English classroom are as follows: the use of vi-deos gives a break from the teacher to the variety of authentic English. Purpose, materials and methods. If films are available for independent viewing, discuss strategies with students. It your institution has 193 a film library, self-access viewing facilities and an active viewing population, you can go for independent film study. The film should be approached as a text, as a book. First, you discuss the movie in advance, make students aware of what they would be watching. Then you develop handouts with tasks and exercises for the movie. Findings. Movies attract the people to imitate the English speaking behavior; including accent, pronunciation, hand wri-ting, and etc. and therefore lead to higher language proficiency. Conclusion. Video materials enhance students’ language competence and motivation to language learning.Background. The challenge of learning a foreign language has always been topical. The advantages of using digital video movies in the English classroom are as follows: the use of vi-deos gives a break from the teacher to the variety of authentic English. Purpose, materials and methods. If films are available for independent viewing, discuss strategies with students. It your institution has 193 a film library, self-access viewing facilities and an active viewing population, you can go for independent film study. The film should be approached as a text, as a book. First, you discuss the movie in advance, make students aware of what they would be watching. Then you develop handouts with tasks and exercises for the movie. Findings. Movies attract the people to imitate the English speaking behavior; including accent, pronunciation, hand wri-ting, and etc. and therefore lead to higher language proficiency. Conclusion. Video materials enhance students’ language competence and motivation to language learning

Using the equation of energy to determine the friction losses in vertical high-viscosity two-phase flow

There have been submitted the analysis of the specific application of the equation of conversation of energy to determine the friction losses of two-phase high-viscosity ascensional flow in a vertical pipe. The method of processing theresults of the experimental data using the energy equation were presented, the results of generalization of experimental research in the form of approximating dependence for the entire range of data points have been showed also. Reasons of variation of experimental data points while the conventional division of the whole range of points in three areas depending on the values of the criteria Froude of two-phase high-viscosity flow have been analysed. The program for statistical data ahalysis have been used for processing the results of the experimental data, the approximating dependence have been derived with theapplication of Quasi-Newton method. There were compared the results f experimental generalization researches of twophase high-viscosity flows in the case of using the equation of conversation of energy and in the case of using the equation of conversation of momentum (impulse). The technique of experimental research, and approximating dependence for determining pressure loss due to friction two-phase high-flow can be recommended for application to calculate the elements of thermal technological equipment.There have been submitted the analysis of the specific application of the equation of conversation of energy to determine the friction losses of two-phase high-viscosity ascensional flow in a vertical pipe. The method of processing the results of the experimental data using the energy equation were presented, the results of generalization of experimental research  in the form of approximating dependence for the entire range of data points have been showed also. Reasons of variation of experimental data points while the conventional division of the whole range of points in three areas depending on the values of the criteria Froude of two-phase high-viscosity flow have been analysed. The program for statistical data ahalysis have been used for processing the results of the experimental data, the approximating dependence have been derived with the application of Quasi-Newton method. There were compared the results f experimental generalization researches of two-phase high-viscosity flows in the case of using the equation of conversation of energy and in the case of using the equation of conversation of momentum (impulse). The technique of experimental research, and approximating dependence for determining pressure loss due to friction two-phase high-flow can be recommended for application to calculate the elements of thermal technological equipment

Non-Noble-Metal Mono and Bimetallic Composites for Efficient Electrocatalysis of Phosphine Oxide and Acetylene C-H/P-H Coupling under Mild Conditions

The present work describes an efficient reaction of electrochemical phosphorylation of phenylacetylene controlled by the composition of catalytic nanoparticles based on non-noble-metals. The sought-after products are produced via the simple synthetic protocol based on room temperature, atom-economical reactions, and silica nanoparticles (SNs) loaded by one or two d-metal ions as nanocatalysts. The redox and catalytic properties of SNs can be tuned with a range of parameters, such as compositions of the bimetallic systems, their preparation method, and morphology. Monometallic SNs give phosphorylated acetylene with retention of the triple bond, and bimetallic SNs give a bis-phosphorylation product. This is the first example of acetylene and phosphine oxide C-H/P-H coupling with a regenerable and recyclable catalyst

Synthetic Tuning of CoII-Doped Silica Nanoarchitecture Towards Electrochemical Sensing Ability

The present work introduces both synthesis of silica nanoparticles doped with CoII ions by means of differently modified microemulsion water-in-oil (w/o) and Stöber techniques and characterization of the hybrid nanoparticles (CoII@SiO2) by TEM, DLS, XRD, ICP-EOS, SAXS, UV-Vis, and UV-Vis/DR spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. The results reveal the lack of nanocrystalline dopants inside the hybrid nanoparticles, as well as no ligands, when CoII ions are added to the synthetic mixtures as CoII(bpy)3 complexes, thus pointing to coordination of CoII ions with Si-O- groups as main driving force of the doping. The UV-Vis/DR spectra of CoII@SiO2 in the range of d-d transitions indicate that Stöber synthesis in greater extent than the w/o one stabilizes tetrahedral CoII ions versus the octahedral ions. Both cobalt content and homogeneity of the CoII distribution within CoII@SiO2 are greatly influenced by the synthetic technique. The electrochemical behavior of CoII@SiO2 is manifested by one oxidation and two reduction steps, which provide the basis for electrochemical response on glyphosate and HP(O)(OEt)2 with the LOD = 0.1 μM and the linearity within 0.1–80 μM. The Stöber CoII@SiO2 are able to discriminate glyphosate from HP(O)(OEt)2, while the w/o nanoparticles are more efficient but nonselective sensors on the toxicants

Silica-Supported Assemblage of CuII Ions with Carbon Dots for Self-Boosting and Glutathione-Induced ROS Generation

The present work introduces coordinative binding of CuII ions with both amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (SNs) and green-emitting carbon dots (CDs) as the pregrequisite for the CuII-assisted self-assembly of the CDs at the surface of the SNs. The produced composite SNs exhibit stable in time stimuli-responsive green fluorescence derived from the CuII-assisted assemblage of CDs. The fluorescence response of the composite SNs is sensitive to the complex formation with glutathione (GSH), enabling them to detect it with the lower limit of detection of 0.15 μM. The spin-trap-facilitated electron spin resonance technique indicated that the composite SNs are capable of self-boosting generation of ROS due to CuII→CuI reduction by carbon in low oxidation states as a part of the CDs. The intensity of the ESR signals is enhanced under the heating to 38 °C. The intensity is suppressed at the GSH concentration of 0.35 mM but is enhanced at 1.0 mM of glutathione, while it is suppressed once more at the highest intracellular concentration level of GSH (10 mM). These tendencies reveal the concentrations optimal for the scavenger or reductive potential of GSH. Flow cytometry and fluorescence and confocal microscopy methods revealed efficient cell internalization of SNs-NH2-CuII-CDs comparable with that of “free” CDs

Detection of Hypertension-Induced Changes in Erythrocytes by SERS Nanosensors

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising tool that can be used in the detection of molecular changes triggered by disease development. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are caused by multiple pathologies originating at the cellular level. The identification of these deteriorations can provide a better understanding of CVD mechanisms, and the monitoring of the identified molecular changes can be employed in the development of novel biosensor tools for early diagnostics. We applied plasmonic SERS nanosensors to assess changes in the properties of erythrocytes under normotensive and hypertensive conditions in the animal model. We found that spontaneous hypertension in rats leads (i) to a decrease in the erythrocyte plasma membrane fluidity and (ii) to a decrease in the mobility of the heme of the membrane-bound hemoglobin. We identified SERS parameters that can be used to detect pathological changes in the plasma membrane and submembrane region of erythrocytes