Fascinating fructophilic lactic acid bacteria associated with various fructose-rich niches

Fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) are recently described group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that prefer fructose instead of glucose as a carbon source. FLAB have been isolated from fructose-rich niches such as flowers, fruits, fermented fruits, and gastrointestinal tracts of insects whose diet is based on fructose. These bacteria are divided into obligate and facultative fructophilc lactobacilli based on biochemical features. All FLAB are heterofermentative microorganisms, which during fermentation of carbohydrates, in addition to lactic acid, produce also acetic acid, and alcohol as end-products. The fructophilic bacteria, inhabiting the honeybee guts positively impact the health of their hosts, improve their longevity, and are promising probiotic candidates. These symbionts of honeybees play a key role in the production of honey by bees and are present in a large number in fresh honey. The combination of osmolarity with antibacterial, and therapeutic properties of these bacteria make fresh honey optimal alternative for future wound healing

Učinkovitost asimetričnog furniranja furnirom tvrdih vrsta drva različitog utezanja i poroznosti

The aim of the study was to check deformations of asymmetrically veneered panels using glue with elastic bonding. In order to achieve the aim, a special stand was designed to analyse the geometry of furniture elements. It is known that boards became convex after veneering with rigid glue. However, the level of deformations for varying parameters of veneering was not equal. As the result of veneering with elastic glue, the boards preserved their primary shape. In any case, the level of deformation depended on wood veneer species. The deformation of the boards was not influenced by their shrinkage. It is supposed that the main influence is the difference in porosity.Cilj istraživanja bio je provjeriti deformacije asimetrično furniranih panela primjenom elastičnog ljepila. Da bi se postigao cilj, dizajniran je poseban stalak za analizu geometrije dijelova namještaja. Poznato je da nakon furniranja primjenom krutog ljepila ploče postanu konveksne. Međutim, razina deformacija za različite parametre furniranja nije jednaka. Nakon furniranja primjenom elastičnog ljepila ploče su očuvale svoj primarni oblik. U svakom slučaju, razina deformacije ovisi o vrsti drva furnira. Na deformaciju ploče ne utječe utezanje ploče. Pretpostavlja se da najveći utjecaj na deformacije ploča ima poroznost drva

The wettability and surface free energy of sawn, sliced and sanded european oak wood

The main objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of two machining processes on European oak wood surface characteristics. The relationships between wettability, free surface energy and machining methods were studied. Sawing and slicing, with or without sanding, were used to prepare surfaces prior to testing whether they produce surfaces with different characteristics. For the wood surfaces machined by slicing and sawing, there was a significant difference in contact angle measurements. This indicates that the influence of machining processes such as slicing and sawing on contact angle value is remarkable. Sanded surfaces showed good wettability and high process roughness

Effective augmentation of complex networks

Networks science plays an enormous role in many aspects of modern society from distributing electrical power across nations to spreading information and social networking amongst global populations. While modern networks constantly change in size, few studies have sought methods for the difficult task of optimising this growth. Here we study theoretical requirements for augmenting networks by adding source or sink nodes, without requiring additional driver-nodes to accommodate the change i.e., conserving structural controllability. Our "effective augmentation" algorithm takes advantage of clusters intrinsic to the network topology, and permits rapidly and efficient augmentation of a large number of nodes in one time-step. "Effective augmentation" is shown to work successfully on a wide range of model and real networks. The method has numerous applications (e.g. study of biological, social, power and technological networks) and potentially of significant practical and economic value

"True jewel of architecture" : St. John’s the Baptiste chapel, Jabłonowo on Neman

Straipsnyje aptariama Jablonovo-Litovsko prie Nemuno (dabar – Baltarusijos teritorija) dvaro koplyčia, kurią apie 1748 m. savo LDK rezidencijoje įrengė ekscentriškasis kunigaikštis Juozapas Aleksandras Jablonovskis. Koplyčia statyta, remiantis Volčyno vėlyvojo baroko bažnyčios pavyzdžiu, greičiausiai pagal garsaus Varšuvos architekto Johano Zigmanto Deibelio projektą, o fasadas dekoruotas à la grecque stiliumi apie 1770 m. Manoma, kad tai ankstyviausias neoklasicizmo stiliaus fasadas Lietuvoje. Remiantis negausiais archyviniais šaltiniais ir rezidencijos tiesiogine apžiūra, straipsnyje rekonstruojama pastato istorija bei rezidencijos išdėstymas, kur koplyčia tampa meno kūriniu, šlovinančiu patį kunigaikštį. Nagrinėjami didikų fundacijų ypatumai bei sakralinių objektų pasiskirstymo tarp katalikų ir unitų klausimai. Taip pat atkreipiamas dėmesys į vietinio mineralo – pelkių geležies rūdos – panaudojimą sienų dekore: meistriški baltos ir juodos (ar tamsiai rudos) spalvų kontrastai leido pastatui įgauti elegantišką neoklasicistinę išvaizdą.The text is devoted to a court chapel at Jabłonów Litewski on the Neman (currently in Belarus) founded around 1748 by an eccentric patron, Prince Józef Aleksander Jabłonowski, together with his residence in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The architecture of the chapel was directly modelled on a late baroque church at Wołczyn, probably by making effective use of its design by an eminent Warsaw architect Johannn Sigismund Deybel, while elevations were ornamented à la grecque as late as in the 1770s, possibly introducing the earliest neoclassicist forms in Lithuania. Based on restricted archival sources combined with site inspection, the article reconstructs the history of the building and disposition of the residence, placing the chapel within its composition as a Gesamtkunstwerk serving the glory of the owner. It analyses the mechanisms of magnate foundation and the problem of sharing the sacred objects by the Roman Catholic and Uniate rites. It also emphasizes originality of exploiting local mineral – bog iron – in wall decoration, which with its skillful contrast of white and black (or dark russet) gave the building an air of elegant neoclassicist costume

Voučyno ir Jablonuvo rezidencijos XVIII amžiuje : jų savininkų statuso Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje reprezentavimas

Straipsnis skirtas dviems politiniu ir meniniu požiūriu svarbioms XVIII a. vidurio rezidencijoms Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės teritorijoje – LDK kanclerio Mykolo Čartoriskio Voučynui ir Naugarduko vaivados Juozapo Aleksandro Jablonovskio Jablonuvui. Abiejose rezidencijose siekta didiko įvaizdžiui būtinos ištaigos, tačiau ji buvo skirtingai išreikšta. Straipsnyje bandoma atsakyti į klausimą, kokios įtakos statyboms turėjo savininkų politinis aktyvumas ir ambicijos, taip pat meniniai ir intelektualiniai polinkiai. Voučyne statyti puikūs rūmai su sodu ir parku, funduoti sakraliniai objektai, urbanistiškai formuotas visas miestelis. Taip bandyta sukurti naują „Familijos“ šalininkams priklausiusios giminės sostinę, kartu vykdant ištisą meninių sumanymų programą, atskleidžiančią idealaus didiko paveikslą. Tuo tarpu Jablonuvas, priklausęs iš Lenkijos Karalystės Rusios kilusios senos gimines nariui, buvo viena iš jo buveinių, tačiau vienintelė LDK teritorijoje. Jos statybos demonstravo valdos kūrėjo-savininko kunigaikščio Jablonovskio ryšius su LDK, jam gavus Naugarduko vaivados pareigybę. Abiejose rezidencijose išliko įdomiai. suplanuotos ir dekoruotos dvarų koplyčios Reikšminiai žodžiai: Architektūra; Dvarai; Jablonuvas; Koplyčios; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Lietuvos Didžiojoji Kunigaikštystė; Prestižas; Reprezentavimas; Rezidencija; Rezidencijos; Voučynas; Architecture; Chapel; Estate; Jablonow; Lithuanian Grand Principality; Prestige; Representations; Residence; Residences; WolczynThe article focuses on two politically and artistically important residences of the middle of the 18th c. in the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – of Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Michał Czartoryski in Wolczyn and of Naugardukas Voivode Józef Aleksander Jabłonowski in Jablonow. Comfort required for the image of a nobleman was sought in both residencies, though it was expressed in different ways. The article attempts to answer the question as to what was the influence of political activity and ambitions as well as artistic and intellectual inclinations of owners on construction. A great palace with a garden and a park was built, sacred objects were funded, an entire town was urbanistically formed in Wolczyn. An attempt was made to build the new capital of the family which belonged to “Familija” supporters, along with implementation of the entire programme of artistic ideas revealing the painting of the ideal nobleman. Meanwhile Jablonow, owned by a member of an old family descending from the Rus’ Kingdom of Poland, was one of his dwellings, though the only one in the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Its construction demonstrated relationships of Duke Jabłonowski, creator-owner of the estate, with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania once he had received the position of Naugardukas voivode. Interestingly designed and decorated chapels of the estates remain in both residencie

The influence of changing moisture content in three- layer chipboard for static bending strength

The influence of changing moisture content in three- layer chipboard for static bending strength. The aim of the study was the analyse of the humidity change influence on static bending strength of three-layer chipboards. Samples were studied after seasoning three different climate conditions. First step was the analyse done after seasoning in normal conditions. The second after seasoning in the conditions of increased humidity (the samples were stored in water bath with water temperature of 20OC). The last step was the study of the samples stores in dryer with temperature 97OC. Studies showed the impact of humidity change to density and static bending strength of the analysed three- layer chipboard samples.Wpływ zmian wilgotności na wytrzymałość płyt wiórowych trójwarstwowych na zginanie statyczne. Celem pracy była analiza wpływu zmian wilgotności na wytrzymałość na zginanie statyczne płyt wiórowych trójwarstwowych. Próbki badano po sezonowaniu w trzech różnych warunkach klimatycznych. Pierwszym krokiem była analiza wykonana po sezonowaniu w warunkach normalnych. W drugim kroku przeprowadzono badania po sezonowaniu w warunkach podwyższonej wilgotności (próbki przechowywano w łaźni wodnej o temperaturze wody 20OC). Ostatnim krokiem było badanie parametrów próbek po sezonowaniu w suszarce nastawionej na temperaturę 97OC. Badania wykazały wpływ zmiany wilgotności na gęstość i wytrzymałość na zginanie statyczne analizowanych próbek płyt wiórowych trójwarstwowych