Treatment of a Unilateral Malposed Lower Molar by Mini-Plate Application - A Case Report

Orthodontic correction of single tooth malpositions due to eruption problems, early loss of tooth and other reasons, is an important issue especially in patients with ideal occlusion without bonding the whole arch. In this case report treatment of a 9-year-old female patient with an Angle class I malocclusion having her right lower permanent first molar tilted mesially towards the space occurred by the extraction of right second deciduous molar tooth was presented. Correction of right upper lateral tooth which was located palatally is also included. A mini-plate which is used currently in recent years was used for direct anchorage to make unilateral lower molar distalization and uprighting in this case. After 7 months, enough distalization and uprighting was maintained. Afterwards the eruption of right lower second premolar was followed and the treatment was finished

Molecular characterization of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical bovine mastitis cases

This study aimed to investigate the presence and distribution of virulence determinants and their antimicrobial susceptibilities of 44 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from clinical bovine mastitis cases. In addition, selected 6 P. aeruginosa isolates were further characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Based on the presence of T3SS-related genes, 25% of the isolates were found to carry exoU and/or exoS genes belonging to invasive (exoU-/exoS+, 18.2%) and cytotoxic (exoU+/exoS-, 6.8%) strains. But, none of the isolates carried both exoU and exoS genes. In terms of other virulence genes examined, various virulence gene profiles were observed among the isolates. The majority of the isolates (72.7%) were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem) were determined as 25% and 4.5%, respectively. WGS analysis indicated the presence of different resistome, but fosA genes in all isolates, and different combinations of mutations in gyrA, parC, oprD, efflux pump, and genes playing a role in the regulation of ampC gene expression. Different sequence types (STs) and serotypes were found in representative isolates with the occurrence of the O11-ST235 clone, which is a worldwide multidrug-resistant high-risk clone representing a serious public health threat. The findings of this study provide valuable information on P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical bovine mastitis cases and current antimicrobial resistance levels and virulence determinants

A Computational Statistics Approach to Evaluate Blood Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Risk Stratification

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Mammography and tumor biopsy followed by histopathological analysis are the current methods to diagnose breast cancer. Mammography does not detect all breast tumor subtypes, especially those that arise in younger women or women with dense breast tissue, and are more aggressive. There is an urgent need to find circulating prognostic molecules and liquid biopsy methods for breast cancer diagnosis and reducing the mortality rate. In this study, we systematically evaluated metabolites and proteins in blood to develop a pipeline to identify potential circulating biomarkers for breast cancer risk. Our aim is to identify a group of molecules to be used in the design of portable and low-cost biomarker detection devices. We obtained plasma samples from women who are cancer free (healthy) and women who were cancer free at the time of blood collection but developed breast cancer later (susceptible). We extracted potential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer risk from plasma metabolomics and proteomics data using statistical and discriminative power analyses. We pre-processed the data to ensure the quality of subsequent analyses, and used two main feature selection methods to determine the importance of each molecule. After further feature elimination based on pairwise dependencies, we measured the performance of logistic regression classifier on the remaining molecules and compared their biological relevance. We identified six signatures that predicted breast cancer risk with different specificity and selectivity. The best performing signature had 13 factors. We validated the difference in level of one of the biomarkers, SCF/KITLG, in plasma from healthy and susceptible individuals. These biomarkers will be used to develop low-cost liquid biopsy methods toward early identification of breast cancer risk and hence decreased mortality. Our findings provide the knowledge basis needed to proceed in this direction

Evaluation of temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscle, and brain cortex activity in patients treated by removable functional appliances: A prospective fMRI study

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of functional orthodontic appliances on the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and brain to determine whether using functional appliances full-time or only at night yields different results. Methods: 16 patients with Class II malocclusion were included in this study. Eight patients were instructed to wear their appliances (monoblock/twinblock) full-time and the other eight patients were instructed to wear them at night while sleeping. An additional 10 patients with Class II malocclusion were later included as a pre-treatment control group. Signal intensity ratios (SIR) of TMJ structures and morphological evaluations of the masticatory muscles were done for all patients. Functional MRI (fMRI) data were also obtained from the patients while performing chewing and biting movements. Results: ANB angle was reduced significantly in both the full-time and night wear groups, by values of 1.17° and 1.35°, respectively (p < 0.05). MRI showed that SIRs were significantly increased in both groups in the masticatory muscles, retrodiscal pad, condylar process, and articular disc (p < 0.05). Both resting and task-based fMRI evaluation revealed significant increases in blood oxygen level dependent signals in several regions of the brain in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The cephalometric and MRI findings of this study indicate that the treatment effects were similar for both wear schedules. Functional appliances should be regarded not as simple devices that treat Class II malocclusion through skeletal and dental correction alone, but as exercise devices that lead to neuromuscular changes by facilitating muscle adaptation and activating various brain regions.Ankara University Scientific Research Projects Center (BAP

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a dual threat

Purpose of review: The following is a review of the current concepts on the relationship between hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus with a focus on the epidemiology and cardiovascular prognostic implications of coexistent HTN and diabetes mellitus, shared mechanisms underlying both conditions and pathophysiology of increased risk of cardiovascular disease, treatment of HTN in individuals with diabetes mellitus, and effects of anti-diabetic medications on blood pressure (BP). Recent findings: Diabetes mellitus and HTN often coexist in the same individual. They share numerous risk factors and underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, most important of which are insulin resistance and inappropriate activation of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Recently updated guidelines recommend a BP goal of 140/90 mmHg in most individuals with diabetes mellitus. A new class of anti-diabetic medications, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, has shown favorable effects on BP. Summary: HTN affects the majority of individuals with diabetes mellitus. Coexistence of diabetes mellitus and HTN, especially if BP is not well controlled, dramatically increases the risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. BP control is an essential part of management of patients with diabetes mellitus, because it is one of the most effective ways to prevent vascular complications and death

20. yüzyılda Darüşşafaka Cemiyeti

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2017.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Ünsal, Mehmet Süha