Radiologic Determination of Acetabula Index and Centre Edge Angle in South-South Nigerian Population

Abstract: This study was carried out to give a report on the average acetabula index and centre edge angle, its sexual dimorphism in South-South Nigerian population and to examine if there is racial differences in acetabula index and centre edge angle when compared to other races. Anteroposterior radiographs of adult pelvis (age range, 18-75 years) were evaluated. Five hundred and eighteen (518) radiographs (259 males and 259 females) were used. The morphological measurements were Acetabula index of Sharp and centre edge angle of Wiberg. The mean centre edge angle of males and females were 34.39°±5.53° and 35.58°±5.74°. There was sexual dimorphism with respect to the centre edge angle. The female centre edge angle was significantly higher than that of the male centre edge angle (p0.05). The mean Acetabula angle of Sharp for males and females were 36.39°±4.04° and 36.99°±3.65°. There was no significant difference between the males Acetabula angle of Sharp and that of the females (p0.05). There was a negative correlation between the centre edge angle and acetabula index for males (p0.05). There was also a negative correlation between the centre edge angle and acetabula index for females (p0.05). The total mean centre edge angle was 34.98°±5.66° for south South Nigerian population. The total mean acetabula index was 36.69°±3.86° for south South Nigerians. These results were compared with other races in the literature. It was observed that there was a racial differences with respect to centre edge angle and Acetabula index. Knowledge gained from this study will be useful to the orthopaedic surgeon, clinician, anthropologist and in forensic science. In treating hip dysplasia, local values should be given cognizance

A Study on the Dimensions of Hypoglossal Canal in Southern Nigerian Crania

The hypoglossal canal is a bony canal in the occipital bone of the skull. It is the passageway for the hypoglossal nerves. This study was aimed at determining the incidence/dimensions of single and double hypoglossal canal, and if these varies with sex. 79 dry crania, out of which 55 were males and 24 females, were used for this study. A  Digital Vernier caliper was used to carry out measurements on the internal and external diameters of both sides. The result indicates that there was a significant difference in the size of all the dimensions measured from the hypoglossal canal (P<0.05) between the male and female groups of this population. The variation is both unilaterally and bilaterally present, with bilateral single hypoglossal canal being more prevalent. In conclusion, the size of the hypoglossal canal is sex specific since there are significant differences. Keywords: Incidence, hypoglossal canal, sexes, Nigeria

A Study on the Dimensions of Hypoglossal Canal in Southern Nigerian Crania.

The hypoglossal canal is a bony canal in the occipital bone of the skull. It is the passageway for the hypoglossal nerves. This study was aimed at determining the incidence/dimensions of single and double hypoglossal canal, and if these varies with sex. 79 dry crania, out of which 55 were males and 24 females, were used for this study. A  Digital Vernier caliper was used to carry out measurements on the internal and external diameters of both sides. The result indicates that there was a significant difference in the size of all the dimensions measured from the hypoglossal canal (P<0.05) between the male and female groups of this population. The variation is both unilaterally and bilaterally present, with bilateral single hypoglossal canal being more prevalent. In conclusion, the size of the hypoglossal canal is sex specific since there are significant differences. Key words: Incidence, hypoglossal canal, sexes, Nigeria

Determination of femur stature ratio of the Ijaw and Ikwerre ethnic groups in Nigeria

The average Femur stature ratio of the Ijaw and the Ikwerre ethnic groups in Nigeria was studied. A formula for identification of the height of these ethnic groups from their femur lengths was established. Also, Sexual dimorphisms, ethnic differences or racial differences when comparing our result to works of other authors were  examined. One thousand subjects (between the ages of 18-40years) were used for this study from the the following location: University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Choba community, Yenagoa and Amasoma community, Bayelsa State. The morphological  measurements were Stature (height) and femur length from which the femur stature ratio was calculated. The mean value of femur stature ratio of the male Ijaws was 25.5±0.72 which was significantly higher than 24.6±0.77 for Ijaw females. The mean value of femur stature ratio of the male Ikwerre’s was 23.6±0.99, while that of their females was 23.2± 0.92. There was no significant difference in the femur stature ratio of the Ikwerre males and females (P >0.05). When these results were compared between these two ethnic groups, there were ethnic differences.Thus, It was concluded that these parameters could be useful to the physical and forensic anthropologist for sex and race  identification. Further study should be carried out in other ethnic groups in Nigeria.Key words: Anthropologists, Femur stature ratio, Ijaw, Ikwerre