103 research outputs found

    Einfluß des C02-Anstiegs auf die Zirkulation der Mittleren AtmosphĂ€re und unteren ThermosphĂ€re (15-120 km)

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    Ein neues C02-Parametrisierungsschema, das variable CO2-Konzentrationen im gesamten Höhenbereich von 15 - 150 km zulĂ€ĂŸt, wurde in das Kölner Zirkulationsmodell der mittleren AtmosphĂ€re (COMMA) implementiert und der Einfluß einer C02-Erhöhung im Bereich von 10% - 100% auf die Zirkulation der mittleren AtmosphĂ€re untersucht. Die C02-Erhöhung bewirkt eine starke AbkĂŒhlung der gesamten mittleren AtmosphĂ€re von 20 km bis zum oberen Modellrand mit Maximalwerten von 20 K in der Stratopause und höheren Werten in der unteren ThermosphĂ€re bei CO2-Verdoppelung. Weiterhin wird eine starke DĂ€mpfung der halbtĂ€gigen Gezeitenamplitude beobachtet, die das mittlere Windfeld und die Meridionalzirkulation in der MesosphĂ€re und unteren ThermosphĂ€re durch die Abnahme der Impulsablagerung aus den brechenden Gezeiten modifiziert. Die stĂ€rkste DĂ€mpfung zeigt sich im Bereich niederer Breiten der Nord- und SĂŒdhemisphĂ€re. Langzeitwindmessungen in der Mesopausenregion bestĂ€tigen den abnehmenden Trend der halbtĂ€gigen Gezeit. Daraus folgt, daß dieser Trend wahrscheinlich eine Folge der anthropogenen C02-Emission sind.Using a state of the art C02 parametrization scheme for the middle atmosphere with variable C02 concentration, a comprehensive model study on C02 increase ranging from 10% - 100% above the present concentration has been performed. Strong cooling is present throughout the middle atmosphere from 20 km up to the top of the model domain with maximum values of about 20 K in the stratopause and even higher values in the lower thermosphere for the double C02 case. Besides this, damping of the semidiurnal tide modifies the mean wind field in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere region by weaker deposition of momentum from tidal breakdown. Strongest damping appears in the low latitude region. Long term midlatitude wind measurements in the mesopause region confirm these model results. Therefore the decrease of the semidiurnal amplitude is probably due to anthropogenic C02 emission

    Modeling the whole atmosphere response to solar cycle changes in radiative and geomagnetic forcing

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    The NCAR Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, version 3 (WACCM3), is used to study the atmospheric response from the surface to the lower thermosphere to changes in solar and geomagnetic forcing over the 11-year solar cycle. WACCM3 is a general circulation model that incorporates interactive chemistry that solves for both neutral and ion species. Energy inputs include solar radiation and energetic particles, which vary significantly over the solar cycle. This paper presents a comparison of simulations for solar cycle maximum and solar cycle minimum conditions. Changes in composition and dynamical variables are clearly seen in the middle and upper atmosphere, and these in turn affect terms in the energy budget. Generally good agreement is found between the model response and that derived from satellite observations, although significant differences remain. A small but statistically significant response is predicted in tropospheric winds and temperatures which is consistent with signals observed in reanalysis data sets

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    Some isothermal and nonisothermal problems in the motion of solutions of polymers

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    The postcritical strain of a cylindrical shell under an impact

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    Physical validity of models representing non-Newtonian systems

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    Evaluating the lag time for a viscoelastic medium under transitional flow conditions

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    Effect of prolonged storage on the mechanical properties of polycarbonates

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