Wireless capsule endoscopy for the detection of small bowel diseases in HIV-1-infected patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background and Aims</p> <p>In HIV-infected patients, manifestations of the disease are common in the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of the Given^®Video Capsule System (Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel) in these patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>After exclusion of GI-tract stenosis by anamnestic exploration, 49 patients were included into the study. Stratification: Group A (n = 19): HIV-positive, CD₄cell count < 200/μl, gastrointestinal symptoms present. Group B: HIV-positive, CD₄< 200/μl, without gastrointestinal symptoms (n = 19 Group) C: healthy volunteers (n = 11).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In group A there was a total of 30 pathological findings, 15 of which with therapeutic implications. In group B, there was a total of 22 pathological findings, 5 relevant for therapy. In group C there was a total of 13 pathological findings, 3 with therapeutic relevance. In 89% (group A) vs. 26% (group B), pathological findings were detected distal the ligament of Treitz (p = 0.001). All capsules were recovered without complications after 12 to 96 h from the stool.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Wireless capsule endoscopy of the small intestine should be considered for HIV-infected patients with marked immunosuppression and gastrointestinal symptoms.</p

Characterization of Novel HIV Drug Resistance Mutations Using Clustering, Multidimensional Scaling and SVM-Based Feature Ranking

We present a case study on the discovery of clinically relevant domain knowledge in the field of HIV drug resistance. Novel mutations in the HIV genome associated with treatment failure were identified by mining a relational clinical database. Hierarchical cluster analysis suggests that two of these mutations form a novel mutational complex, while all others are involved in known resistance-conferring evolutionary pathways. The clustering is shown to be highly stable in a bootstrap procedure. Multidimensional scaling in mutation space indicates that certain mutations can occur within multiple pathways. Feature ranking based on support vector machines and matched genotype-phenotype pairs comprehensively reproduces current domain knowledge. Moreover, it indicates a prominent role of novel mutations in determining phenotypic resistance and in resensitization effects. These effects may be exploited deliberately to reopen lost treatment options. Together, these findings provide valuable insight into the interpretation of genotypic resistance tests

Vergleichende Untersuchungen über vier Thrombocyten-Zählverfahren

Anhand von fünf Anforderungen an ein optimales Thrombocyten-Zählverfahren wurden vier Methoden unter Routinearbeitsbedingungen vergleichend auf Präzision in der Serie, Ergebniskorrelationen der Methoden untereinander, praktische Durchführbarkeit und Zeitbedarf pro Bestimmung überprüft. Dabei zeigten sich mäßige Präzisionen bei dem modifizierten Zählverfahren nach Fonio und bei der Kammerzählung im Phasenkontrastmikroskop, gute bei Verwendung des Coulter Thrombocounter und des Technicon AutoCounter. Ausreichende Ergebniskorrelationen mit tolerabler Streuung der linearen Regression wurden allein bei Vergleich der beiden halb- bzw. vollmechanisierten Methoden untereinander gefunden. Die Problematik der Absolutmessung wird diskutiert. Auf Grund des Zeitbedarfs pro Bestimmung können für Notfall-Einzelbestimmungen das Phasenkontrastverfahren und der Coulter-Thrombocounter, für Serienbestimmungen in größerem Umfang der Technicon AutoCounter empfohlen werden.Peer Reviewe

Familial Defective Apolipoprotein B-100 in 12 Subjects and Their Kindred

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Schnellmethode zur Darstellung von Fettsäuremethylestern für die gaschromatographische Analyse

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Rekombinante Genproben in der Diagnostik der familiären Hypercholesterinämie

Geisel J, Oette K, Weisshaar B. Rekombinante Genproben in der Diagnostik der familiären Hypercholesterinämie. Der Kassenarzt. 1990;30(7):51-54

Die polarimetrische Messung der α-Amylase-Aktivität

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