Casos inusuales de colibacilosis septicémica en terneros neonatos de cría para carne

Septicemic colibacillosis is a disease caused by Escherichia coli, and dairy calves are usually affected. The aim of this study was to describe cases of colibacillosis in beef calves. Two calves (cases A and B) aged 4 and 3 days, were born from heifers that suffered dystocia. The herd was grazing maize stubble and a polyphytic pasture with scarce vegetation covering the soil, because of intense rains flooded the field. The clinical signs and lesions were similar in both cases, and included depression, hypopyon, reluctance to move, dehydration, dyspnea, polyarthritis and hyperemia of scleral vessels. Both cases exhibited leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and immature forms (case A). E. coli was isolated from body fluids, liver, spleen and lung after necropsy. Moreover, the synovial fluid revealed an increased volume and fibrin clots (case A). E. coli was also recovered from the whole blood of the other calf (case B). The isolates obtained from different organs (case A) and blood (case B) were susceptible to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and minocycline. The calf that remained alive (case B) responded favorably to a treatment for 3 days consisting of gentamicin, enrofloxacin, flunixin meglumine and oral rehydrating salts. No similar cases were observed during the calving season. The differential diagnosis of neonatal calf mortality in beef herds should include septicemic colibacillosis, mainly when risk factors mentioned above occur. La colibacilosis septicémica es causada por Escherichia coli y suele afectar a terneros de tambo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir casos de colibacilosis en terneros de cría para carne. Las terneras afectadas (casos A y B) tenían 4 y 3 días de vida, eran hijas de vaquillonas y nacieron por parto distócico. El rodeo estaba en un rastrojo de maíz y en una pastura polifítica con escasa cobertura vegetal del suelo, debido al anegamiento por las intensas lluvias. Los signos clínicos y lesiones fueron similares en ambos casos e incluyeron decaimiento, hipopión, dificultad para desplazarse, deshidratación, disnea, poliartritis e hiperemia de vasos esclerales. Ambos animales desarrollaron leucocitosis y neutrofilia, con formas inmaduras en el caso A, en el cual se aisló E. coli de fluidos corporales, hígado, bazo y pulmón, recolectados a la necropsia, observándose aumento del volumen de líquido sinovial, con presencia de coágulos de fibrina. En el caso B se aisló E. coli a partir de sangre entera. Los aislamientos efectuados en diferentes órganos (caso A) y sangre (caso B) fueron sensibles a gentamicina, ciprofloxacina y minociclina. La ternera del caso B respondió favorablemente al tratamiento, durante 3 días, con gentamicina, enrofloxacina, meglumina de flunixin y sales rehidratantes orales. No se volvieron a observar casos similares durante la parición. Esta enfermedad debería considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de mortalidad neonatal en terneros de rodeos para carne, fundamentalmente cuando ocurren los factores predisponentes mencionados

Search for the genome of bovine herpesvirus types 1, 4 and 5 in bovine semen

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) causes respiratory and reproductive disorders in cattle. Recently, bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) and bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4) have been identified to be associated with genital disease. In this study, the presence of the genome of BoHV-1, BoHV-4 and BoHV-5 in bovine semen of Argentinean and international origin was analyzed by PCR assays. The most important finding of this study is the detection of the genome of BoHV-1 and BoHV-4 in semen of bulls maintained at artificial insemination centers. It is particularly relevant that BoHV-1 DNA was also identified in one sample of international origin suggesting the need for extensive quality control measures on international transport of bovine semen.Fil: Moran, P. E.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Favier, P. A.. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica. Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica; ArgentinaFil: Lomonaco, M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Catena, María. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Chiapparrone, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires.. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Odeon, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Verna, Andrea Elizabeth. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Sandra. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tandil. Centro de Investigacion Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentin

Measuring gluconeogenesis (GNG) with [2-13C] glycerol and mass isotopomer distribution analysis (MIDA) in normal rats and in rats with streptozocininduced diabetes

International audienc

Contribution of diabetic rat kidney to glycerol utilization and to gluconeogenesis from glycerol

International audienc

Metabolic effects of a D-b-hydroxybutyrate infusion in septic patients: inhibition of lyposis and glucose production but not leucine oxidation

International audienc

Isolation and characterization of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 from water buffaloes (Bubalus bulalis) in Argentina

BACKGROUND: Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) was isolated from dairy buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) naturally affected with respiratory and reproductive clinical conditions. RESULTS: Examination of nasal and vaginal swabs collected from 12 diseased buffaloes led to the isolation of three paramyxovirus isolates from two animals. Antigenic, morphological and biological characteristics of these three isolates were essentially similar to those of members of the Paramyxoviridae family. Antigenic analysis by direct immunofluorescence and cross neutralization test placed these isolates together with bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3). Nucleotide and amino acid phylogenetic analysis of partial matrix gene sequences of the buffalo isolates and six field BPIV3 isolates from bovines in Argentina were studied. Buffalo isolates were similar to genotype B (BPIV3b) while the six BPIV3 isolates were similar to genotypes A (BPIV3a) and C (BPIV3c). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first characterization of BPIV3 in water buffalo. According to the samples analyzed, in Argentina, the genotype B was found in buffalo and the genotypes A and C were found in cattle

Latent infection by bovine herpesvirus type-5 in experimentally infected rabbits: virus reactivation, shedding and recrudescence of neurological disease

Abstract Latent infection with bovine herpesvirus type-5 (BHV-5) was established in rabbits inoculated with two South American isolates (EVI-88 and 613) by intranasal or conjunctival routes. Nine rabbits (613, 8/27; EVI-88, 1/34) developed neurological disease and died during acute infection and other three (613, n ¼ 2; EVI-88, n ¼ 1) developed a delayed neurological disease, at days 34, 41 and 56 post-inoculation (p.i.). Between days 56 and 62 p.i., the remaining rabbits were submitted to five daily administrations of dexamethasone (Dx) to reactivate the infection. Twenty-five out of 44 rabbits (56.8%) shed virus in nasal or ocular secretions after Dx treatment. Virus shedding was first detected at day two post-Dx and lasted from one to 11 days. The highest frequencies of virus reactivation were observed in rabbits inoculated conjunctivally (10/15 versus 15/29); and among rabbits infected with isolate 613 (12/16 versus 13/28). Virus reactivation upon Dx treatment was accompanied by neurological disease in nine rabbits (20.4%), resulting in six deaths (13.6%). Virus in moderate titers and mild to moderate non-suppurative inflammatory changes in the brain characterized the neurological infection. Three other rabbits showed severe neurological signs followed by death after 31 to 54 days of Dx treatment. Virus, viral nucleic acids and inflammatory changes were detected in their brains. The late-onset neurological disease, after acute infection or Dx treatment, was probably a consequence of spontaneous virus reactivation. These results demonstrate that BHV-5 does establish a latent infection in rabbits and that clinical recrudescence may occur upon reactivation.

Spongy Myelinopathy in Newborn Beef Calves Associated with Consumption of Corn Infected with Stenocarpella maydis

Stillbirth and perinatal mortality with neurological signs and lesions were diagnosed in two calves following ingestion by their dams of corn infected with Stenocarpella maydis during the third trimester of gestation. Grossly, the brain and spinal cord were unremarkable. Microscopically, diffuse severe status spongiosis of the white matter was detected in the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, spinal cord and cerebellum. To the best of our knowledge this is the first pathological description of congenital disease in calves associated with the consumption of S. maydis-infected corn; the findings resemble those reported for the naturally occurring and experimentally induced disease in lambs.EEA BalcarceFil: Odriozola, Ernesto Raúl. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Armién, Aníbal Guillermo. University of Minnesota. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Cora Ibarra, Juan Facundo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Llada, Ignacio Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Erreguerena, Ignacio Antonio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Hecker, Yanina Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Odeón, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Morrell, Eleonora Lidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina

Neosporosis epidémica y endémica: descripción de dos eventos en bovinos para cría = Endemic and epidemic bovine neosporosis: description of two events in beef cattle

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir dos eventos producidos en la provincia de Buenos Aires en los cuales Neospora caninum estuvo asociado a la ocurrencia de abortos en bovinos de cría para carne. En uno de ellos se registraron 11 abortos en 57 vaquillonas durante 45 días, en este evento fue 5 veces más probable que una vaquillona que sufrió un aborto fuera seropositiva a N. caninum que una que no lo sufrió (odds ratio [OR] = 4,9 IC 1,2–19,9) (p 0,05). Se analizaron dos fetos de cada evento: estos resultaron negativos a otros patógenos de la reproducción, aunque presentaron anticuerpos específicos y lesiones histopatológicas compatibles con infecciones por N. caninum. Estos resultados sugieren dos posibles modalidades de presentación de abortos en bovinos causados por N. caninum: una epidémica, como la del primer evento aquí referido, y una endémica, como la del segundo.The aim of this study was to describe two events in which Neospora caninum was involved in bovine abortions in beef cattle. In the first event, 11 abortions in 57 heifers were recorded in 45 days. One aborted heifer was 5 times more likely to be seropositive than a non-aborted heifer (OR=4.9; IC 1.2–19.9) (p0.05). Neither antibodies nor isolation of other pathogens were achieved in any case. On the contrary, antibodies and pathognomonic histopathological lesions were observed in the four fetuses from both cases. Interestingly, the findings in the first event suggest the epidemic behavior of the disease. In contrast, in the second event it appears that few abortions were due to N. caninum, suggesting the presence of endemic neosporosis.EEA BalcarceFil: Calandra, Patricio M. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Residencia interna en Sanidad Animal; Argentina.Fil: Di Matía, José M. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Residencia interna en Sanidad Animal; Argentina.Fil: Cano, Dora Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Odriozola, Ernesto Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: García, Juan Agustín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Spath, Ernesto Juan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Odeon, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Paoliochi, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Morrell, Eleonora Lidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Campero, Carlos Manuel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Moore, Prando Dadin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Efficacy of a BVDV subunit vaccine produced in alfalfa transgenic plants

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is considered an important cause of economic loss within bovine herds worldwide. In Argentina, only the use of inactivated vaccines is allowed, however, the efficacy of inactivated BVDV vaccines is variable due to its low immunogenicity. The use of recombinant subunit vaccines has been proposed as an alternative to overcome this difficulty. Different studies on protection against BVDV infection have focused the E2 protein, supporting its putative use in subunit vaccines. Utilization of transgenic plants expressing recombinant antigens for the formulation of experimental vaccines represents an innovative and cost effective alternative to the classical fermentation systems. The aim of this work was to develop transgenic alfalfa plants (Medicago sativa, L.) expressing a truncated version of the structural protein E2 from BVDV fused to a molecule named APCH, that target to antigen presenting cells (APCH-tE2). The concentration of recombinant APCH-tE2 in alfalfa leaves was 1 μg/g at fresh weight and its expression remained stable after vegetative propagation. A methodology based an aqueous two phases system was standardized for concentration and partial purification of APCH-tE2 from alfalfa. Guinea pigs parentally immunized with leaf extracts developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies. In bovine, the APCH-tE2 subunit vaccine was able to induce BVDV-specific neutralizing antibodies. After challenge, bovines inoculated with 3 μg of APCH-tE2 produced in alfalfa transgenic plants showed complete virological protection.Fil: Pérez Aguirreburualde, María Sol. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, María Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Ostachuck, Agustín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; ArgentinaFil: Wolman, Federico Javier. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Albanesi, Guillermo Luis. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pecora, Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Odeon, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Ardila, Fernando. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Escribano, José M.. Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. Departamento Mejora Genética y Biotecnología; EspañaFil: Dus Santos, María José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Wigdorovitz, Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin