6,097 research outputs found
Dual latching solenoid valve Patent
Valve assembly for controlling simultaneously more than one fluid flow, and having stable qualities under load
Purely Elastic Fluid–Structure Interactions in Microfluidics: Implications for Mucociliary Flows
Fluid-structure interactions lie at the heart of the complex, and often highly coordinated, motions of actively driven microscale biological systems (e.g., translating cilia, flagella, and motile cells). Due to the highly viscoelastic nature of most relevant biological fluids and the small length scales involved, the viscous and inertial forces in such flows are dominated by elasticity. However, elastic effects are often overlooked in studies seeking to address phenomena like the synchronization of beating cilia. In this study, unique microfluidic experiments are presented to demonstrate that inertia-free viscoelastic flows can lead to highly regular beating of an immersed (passive) flexible structure, herein named "purely-elastic" fluid-structure interaction. It is also shown how two such flexible structures can achieve an extraordinary degree of synchronization, with a correlation coefficient approaching unity. The synchronization is a result of the generation of localized elastic stresses in the fluid that effectively link the two objects. These purely elastic interactions may be important to consider toward developing a complete understanding of the motions of microscale biological systems
The role, function and identity of music therapists in the 21st century, including new research and thinking from a UK perspective
This article examines the identity of music therapy and music therapists, focussing upon the United Kingdom as a case study, but also considering international trends. Milestones in the history of music therapy in postwar United Kingdom and professional development in the 21st century are discussed, drawing upon research and clinical practice. Research outcomes across different specialities indicate that music therapy should be widely available to many populations, such as for people with dementia, autism, stroke and mental health problems and so on. These advancements mean that music therapists need to be clear about their role and identity in both doing the work and communicating about it. The article celebrates advances in research, thinking and provision and emphasis collaboration across multidisciplinary groups through an overview of different identities
Polyharmonic approximation on the sphere
The purpose of this article is to provide new error estimates for a popular
type of SBF approximation on the sphere: approximating by linear combinations
of Green's functions of polyharmonic differential operators. We show that the
approximation order for this kind of approximation is for
functions having smoothness (for up to the order of the
underlying differential operator, just as in univariate spline theory). This is
an improvement over previous error estimates, which penalized the approximation
order when measuring error in , p>2 and held only in a restrictive setting
when measuring error in , p<2.Comment: 16 pages; revised version; to appear in Constr. Appro
Report from the PredictER Expert Panel Meeting, November 2, 2007
On November 2, 2007, the Indiana University Center for Bioethics convened an expert panel on predictive health research (PHR) as part of the Center’s Program in Predictive Health Ethics Research (http://www.bioethics.iu.edu/predicter.asp) which is supported by a grant from the Richard M. Fairbanks Foundation. The goal of this meeting was to identify the major obstacles and opportunities for engaging the community in PHR. PredictER intends to use the results of this meeting as a first step toward more fully engaging the Indianapolis community in discussions about PHR.Richard M. Fairbanks Foundatio
A Systematic Review of Music Therapy Practice and Outcomes with Acute Adult Psychiatric In-Patients
PMCID: PMC3732280This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
The CMS Event Builder
The data acquisition system of the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron
Collider will employ an event builder which will combine data from about 500
data sources into full events at an aggregate throughput of 100 GByte/s.
Several architectures and switch technologies have been evaluated for the DAQ
Technical Design Report by measurements with test benches and by simulation.
This paper describes studies of an EVB test-bench based on 64 PCs acting as
data sources and data consumers and employing both Gigabit Ethernet and Myrinet
technologies as the interconnect. In the case of Ethernet, protocols based on
Layer-2 frames and on TCP/IP are evaluated. Results from ongoing studies,
including measurements on throughput and scaling are presented.
The architecture of the baseline CMS event builder will be outlined. The
event builder is organised into two stages with intelligent buffers in between.
The first stage contains 64 switches performing a first level of data
concentration by building super-fragments from fragments of 8 data sources. The
second stage combines the 64 super-fragments into full events. This
architecture allows installation of the second stage of the event builder in
steps, with the overall throughput scaling linearly with the number of switches
in the second stage. Possible implementations of the components of the event
builder are discussed and the expected performance of the full event builder is
outlined.Comment: Conference CHEP0
Advancing uracil-excision based cloning towards an ideal technique for cloning PCR fragments
The largely unused uracil-excision molecular cloning technique has excellent features in most aspects compared to other modern cloning techniques. Its application has, however, been hampered by incompatibility with proof-reading DNA polymerases. We have advanced the technique by identifying PfuCx as a compatible proof-reading DNA polymerase and by developing an improved vector design strategy. The original features of the technique, namely simplicity, speed, high efficiency and low cost are thus combined with high fidelity as well as a transparent, simple and flexible vector design. A comprehensive set of vectors has been constructed covering a wide range of different applications and their functionality has been confirmed
Unconventional Gas and the European Union: Prospects and Challenges for Competitiveness
Tensile Fracture of Welded Polymer Interfaces: Miscibility, Entanglements and Crazing
Large-scale molecular simulations are performed to investigate tensile
failure of polymer interfaces as a function of welding time . Changes in the
tensile stress, mode of failure and interfacial fracture energy are
correlated to changes in the interfacial entanglements as determined from
Primitive Path Analysis. Bulk polymers fail through craze formation, followed
by craze breakdown through chain scission. At small welded interfaces are
not strong enough to support craze formation and fail at small strains through
chain pullout at the interface. Once chains have formed an average of about one
entanglement across the interface, a stable craze is formed throughout the
sample. The failure stress of the craze rises with welding time and the mode of
craze breakdown changes from chain pullout to chain scission as the interface
approaches bulk strength. The interfacial fracture energy is calculated
by coupling the simulation results to a continuum fracture mechanics model. As
in experiment, increases as before saturating at the average
bulk fracture energy . As in previous simulations of shear strength,
saturation coincides with the recovery of the bulk entanglement density. Before
saturation, is proportional to the areal density of interfacial
entanglements. Immiscibiltiy limits interdiffusion and thus suppresses
entanglements at the interface. Even small degrees of immisciblity reduce
interfacial entanglements enough that failure occurs by chain pullout and
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