Teachers\u27 perceptions of the goals of secondary schools physical education in state of Kuwait

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of the Kuwait physical education teachers relevant to the goals of the physical education program for secondary schools. Data were collected from a sample consisting of 200 (n = 200) physical education teachers teaching in six provinces in Kuwait. For data collection, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, named Kuwaiti Physical Education Goals (KPEG) was designed. The instrument asked the participants to indicate the level of agreement with four categories of physical education goals. In addition, differences in teachers based on gender between physical education teachers\u27 perceptions were investigated. An examination was also made to see if there were differences in teachers\u27 perception of the physical education goals based on the number of years of teaching. Research questions were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analyses. The results established that affective (M = 2.71) and psychomotor domain goals (M = 2.76) were perceived positively while the cognitive (M = 3.34) and health domains (M = 3.09) were perceived negatively. Also, the result showed that female and male physical educators differ to a certain extent in their perceptions relevant to the goals presented in the KPEG items. Further, it was established that the psychomotor domain goals were perceived positively at the top (52.2%), followed by affective domain goals (51.8%), then health related (46.0%) and finally, cognitive domain goals (41.4%). Significant differences (p = .014) ware found between group 1--5 and 11--15. A major conclusion made was that the significant differences found between male and female teachers suggest that there are cultural and gender influences on teaching physical education in Kuwait. Similarly, years of teaching do not have significant influence on teachers\u27 perception of physical education goals. Finally, physical education program in Kuwait can be said to be effective in attaining only the psychomotor and affective domain goals. Major implications for this study were that physical educators in Kuwait need professional development to assist them in applying the concepts of the cognitive and health-related fitness domain to their students. Similarly, teachers should provide their students with information regarding the needs and values of practicing heath-related fitness exercises

New strategic approaches for implementing intelligent streetscape towards livable streets in City of Riyadh

Streetscape can be considered as a term “which can be used to clarify and explain the street's built-in and the basic structure, also it is known as the design of the visual appeal and quality of the street effect. A good tool for improving urban quality and establishing a feeling of place is design of streetscape. People's requirements for public areas have changed as internet usage has continued to expand.. The numbers of people who use cars has increased a lot in Riyadh city. In reality, this leads to some problems in a direct and an indirect way, such as car accidents, traffic overcrowding, lack of services for bicyclists and pedestrians, weak social relationships between the people, and high obesity levels. Reconsider design of streetscape in Riyadh city especially in the era of digital information technology will revitalize regions by providing reshaping the urban experience toward higher livability that respond to and connect with onlookers in order to increase understanding of onlookers' activities in the streets, promote their sense of place, and improve safety and livability in urban areas.. The presented study focuses on the qualitative approach that is according to the related theoretical exploration and research; so, this paper combines the design of streetscape with digital information technology, with new ideas of intelligent streetscape’s design for enhancing Riyadh city to make the user's life livable. The current paper ended with proposed strategic approaches and suggestions to enhance the city of Riyadh's streetscape style as an outcome of the theoretical research. Results indicated that streets, which contain a close combination with the resident’s daily life activities and the important consequences on their mental comfort, have not attracted any care in terms of academic research. This resulted in a failure in providing solid strategic approaches for intelligent design of streetscape in Riyadh city

Smart pedestrian network is an approach for promoting walkability: A case of Riyadh city

SPN is an important aspect of smart and sustainable mobility in cities that promote walkability (SPN) Walking is becoming an important component of transportation and urban policies to achieve more sustainable development. Riyadh's rapid urban expansion and population growth have increased pedestrian accidents and damaged people's daily walking conditions during the last four decades. As a result, implementing the Smart Pedestrian Network has the potential to significantly increase walkability and create more sustainable urban spaces. The research technique is deductive, with modern technology playing a significant part in introducing new ways to pedestrian path planning and design, ultimately improving this form of transportation in Riyadh. The current paper concluded with proposed guidelines for strategic implementation using the Smart Pedestrian Network system and a conceptual framework for smart pedestrian networks, both of which could add value to exploring the pedestrian network in more advanced ways in Riyadh. The application of a smart network for pedestrians resulted in increased walkability and satisfaction with walking in Riyadh city, according to the findings

The Construction of Rational Tetra-Inner Functions

Ph. D. ThesisThe tetrablock is the set E = fx 2 C3 : 1 x1z x2w + x3zw 6= 0 whenever jzj 1; jwj 1g: The closure of E is denoted by E. A tetra-inner function is an analytic map x from the unit disc D to E whose boundary values at almost all points of the unit circle T belong to the distinguished boundary bE of E. There is a natural notion of degree of a rational tetra-inner function x; it is simply the topological degree of the continuous map xjT from T to bE. In this thesis we give a prescription for the construction of a general rational tetra-inner function of degree n. The prescription makes use of a known solution of an interpolation problem for nite Blaschke products of given degree in terms of a Pick matrix formed from the interpolation data. Alsalhi and Lykova proved that if x = (x1; x2; x3) is a rational tetra-inner function of degree n, then x1x2x3 either is equal to 0 or has exactly n zeros in the closed unit disc D, counted with an appropriate notion of multiplicity. It turns out that a natural choice of data for the construction of a rational tetra-inner function x = (x1; x2; x3) consists of the points in D for which x1x2 x3 = 0 and the values of x at these points. We also give a matricial formulation of a criterion for the solvability of a Diag-synthesis problem. The symbol Diag denotes an instance of the structured singular value of 2 2 matrix corresponding to the subspace of diagonal matrices in M2 2(C). Given distinct points 1; :::; n 2 D and target matrices W1; :::;Wn 2 M2 2(C) one seeks an analytic 2 2 matrix-valued function F on D such that F( j) = Wj for j = 1; :::; n; and Diag(F( )) < 1; for all 2 D:Government of Saudi Arabia, Jouf Universit

A SURVEY ON CONTROL TECHNIQUES OF A BENCHMARKED CONTINUOUS STIRRED TANK REACTOR

The study carried out in this paper unveils a survey on issues related to modelling problems control strategies of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), a highly nonlinear plant containing numbers of stable and unstable operating points is considered. The issues discussed are categorised into regulation, feedback linearization, flatness, observation and estimation as well as challenges related to equilibrium points concerning CSTR. In this study, the limited capability of a conventional PID controller is discussed based on preliminary description and a dynamic modelling of the nonlinear plant. Moreover, the limitations of the conventional PID is illustrated through a simulation using nonlinear model of CSTR carried out under input constraint and the presence of bounded disturbances. The result shows that a fixed PID will not guarantee consistent performance throughout operating set points. The feedback linearization formalism is presented to prove that only regulation in the neighbourhood of operating point is possible. Non-minimum phase property exhibited by a CSTR is investigated as well. Flatness control is demonstrated as one of the possible linearization control technique achieving the objective of the trajectory trackin

TRUE LEFT SIDED GALL BLADDER: A SURGICAL SURPRISE

INTRODUCTION: Left sided gallbladder is a rare anomaly & several variants exist. The condition cannot be diagnosed pre-operatively by most of the radiological modalities and it can take the operating surgeon, by surprise. CASE PRESENTATION: A young lady with symptomatic gallstones was unexpectedly found to have a left sided gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Though, her routine preoperative work up did not show anything abnormal, as is usual in such anatomical variation. She was successfully managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy by modifying the camera angle & the dissection technique.  CONCLUSION: The anatomical knowledge of the various structures & to timely recognize the variations is very important to avoid injury in such cases. The operating technique may need to be modified for a safe & successful outcome

Optimal control problems governed by a class of nonlinear systems

This article suggested a solution to a flow control problem governed by a class of nonlinear systems called bilinear systems. The problem was initially well-posed, and after it was established that an optimal control solution existed, its characteristics were stated. After that, we demonstrated how to use various bounded feedback controls to make a plate equation's flow close to the required profile. As an application, we resolved the plate equation-governed partial flow control issue. The findings bring up a variety of system applications, which can be employed in engineering advancement

Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants, Review Article

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or germinal matrix (GM) in other words, is a condition that can occur in premature births and can lead to long-term medical and developmental effects. While GM/IVH can happen in full-term infants, the hemorrhage in this group of infants is different from periventricular hemorrhage (PVH)/IVH in premature infants. Family members and caregivers of preterm infants and those at risk of preterm birth are confronted with two significant uncertainties concerning these newborns: Is the survival of this child likely? Will the child experience long-term sequelae, particularly developmental sequelae, if they survive? The significance of these questions lies in their potential to impact future medical decisions, including the level of intensity in the care provided. Infants born prematurely can suffer from various acquired lesions in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to long-term disability. These lesions include GM/IVH, periventricular white matter injury, hemorrhage, and diffuse injury to the developing brain. GM/IVH continues to be a major contributor to both illness and death in premature newborns.&nbsp; GM/IVH is primarily diagnosed by brain imaging techniques, typically cranial ultrasonography, as depicted below. Screening and serial examinations are essential for diagnosing GM/IVH, as it can occur without any noticeable clinical indications

Association between Serum Vitamin B12 Concentration and Obesity Among Adults in The Ksa

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and weight among the adult population in KSA. Methods: This research will employ a cross-sectional study design to investigate the association between serum vitamin B12 concentration and obesity among adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Cross-sectional studies are suitable for examining relationships between variables within a specific population at a single point in time. The target population for this study includes all adult residents of the KSA aged 18 years and older. Results: The study included 869 participants. The most frequent weight among them was 51-65 kg (n= 255, 29.3%), followed by 66 -75 kg (n= 214, 24.6%). The most frequent height among study participants was 161-170 cm (n= 324, 37.3%) followed by 151-160 cm (n= 266, 30.6%). The most frequent body mass index (BMI) value among study participants was Normal 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 (n= 344, 39.6%), followed by overweight 25-29.9 kg/m2 (n= 281, 32.3%).  Vitamin B12 varied among study participants, with most of them having a normal range (n= 319, 36.7%) followed by a low range (n= 117, 13.5%) and the least common high range (n= 23, 2.6%). On the other hand, among 410 participants, 47.2% did not know their vitamin B12 value. Wech may indicate a lack of knowledge about the topic. Figure 4 shows the vitamin B12 levels among study participants. Conclusion: Study results showed that most of the study participants do not know their vitamin B12 level and need to increase awareness, followed by those who have a normal vitamin B12 level. The most common BMI was the normal level. There was a relationship between vitamin B12 levels and obesity.