Su Ürünleri Tüketim Alışkanlıkları Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Diyarbakır İli Örneği

This study focuses on the seafood consumption behaviors tendencies and preferences of Diyarbakır citizens. The results of this research showed that the participants first preference is the chicken meat with a consume percentage of 38 %, this is followed by the red meat (34 %) and the seafood is left as the last flesh alternative with a percentage of 28 %. Even though the seafood stays at the bottom of the list, most of the participants include seafood in their diet (97.7 %), while only a small percentage (2.3 %) totally excludes the seafood from their meal. More than half of the participants (51.1 %) has an education degree equal or above the B.S. level with an average monthly income of 2362 TL. Anchovy is found to be the most consumed seafood with a percentage of 15.5 % of the total seafood consumption which is estimated as 12.2 kg per capita. It was determined that the participants mostly prefer fresh fish (84.5 %), but canned fish or similar products are also consumed with a percentage value of 15.5 %. The fresh fish is preferred in fried (44.3 %) or baked (24.8 %) forms. Annual seafood consumption (mainly sourced by the seafood markets, 55.2 %) in Diyarbakır province is higher than the country average which is probably due the higher education level of the participants (51.1 % B.S. or higher) in this survey.Bu araştırma, Diyarbakır ilinde yaşayan insanların su ürünleri tüketim alışkanlıklarının ve tercihlerinin ortaya konulması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre; katılımcıların ilk tercihinin % 38'le tavuk eti, ikinci tercihlerinin % 34 oranla kırmızı et olduğu ve son olarak % 28 ile su ürünlerini tükettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Diyarbakır ilindeki katılımcıların % 2.3'ü su ürünleri tüketmezken, % 97.7'si ise tükettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcıların % 51.1’i lisans mezunu olup, aylık ortalama gelirleri 2362 TL olarak hesaplanmıştır. Su ürünleri tüketim ortalaması 12.2 kg/yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hamsi en çok tüketilen (% 15.5) su ürünüdür. Bölgede balık daha çok taze (% 84.5) veya konserve (% 15.5) vb. olarak tüketilmektedirler. Tüketim tercihi ise daha çok kızartma (% 44.3) veya fırında pişirme (% 24.8) yöntemidir. Bölge halkının su ürünlerini % 55.2 oranında balık satış yerlerinden temin ettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Diyarbakır İlinin su ürünleri tüketim miktarı ülkemiz ortalamasından daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Bu durumun katılımcıların eğitim düzeyinin yüksek (% 51.1 lisans ve üzeri) olmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir

Police Students’ Satisfaction of Courses and Instructors: Does it affect Academic Success?

Assessing the satisfaction levels of students is an important tool for finding the failures of the educational systems and making effective enhancements to increase the quality of the education. This research study assesses second class students’ satisfaction levels about the courses and instructors of a police vocational school of higher education and the effect of student satisfaction levels over academic success. Two types of data were collected for this study. The first data includes the satisfaction levels of students about courses and instructors. The second data includes students’ final grades. The data sets were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression tests. The findings demonstrated that students are satisfied with both the courses and the instructors; however, satisfaction levels significantly differed based on different courses and instructors. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was found between the satisfaction level of courses and instructors with academic success

Toll-like receptor expression in monocytes in patients with chronic kidney disease and haemodialysis: relation with inflammation

Background. Inflammation is one of the main contributors to atherosclerosis in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) leads to inflammatory response. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of TLRs on monocytes and relate their expression with inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and HD patients. Methods. Thirty-four age- and gender-matched controls and stage 3-4 CKD patients and thirty-two HD patients were included in each study group. The effect of HD on the expression of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) on CD14(+) monocytes was determined at the beginning (baseline), during (120 min) and following (300 min and 24 h) HD and compared with control and stage 3-4 CKD groups. The HD procedure was performed by using low-flux polysulphone dialysers. In addition, serum IL-6 levels were evaluated in both groups at baseline and after a HD session. Results. The percentage of CD14(+) monocytes expressing TLR-2 were similar in all of the study groups, whereas the percentage of CD14(+) monocytes expressing TLR-4 were significantly lower in both stage 3-4 CKD and HD patients at baseline than in controls. The mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of TLR-2 were significantly lower in controls than in stage 3-4 CKD and HD patients at baseline. The MFI of TLR-4 was similar in all of the groups. The percentage of CD14(+) monocytes expressing TLR-2 did not change during and after HD. The MFI of TLR-2 decreased at 120 min of HD compared with baseline (1837 +/- 672 vs 1650 +/- 578, P < 0.05), and recovered back to baseline values at 300 min and at 24 h post-HD. MFI of TLR-4 increased at 24 h compared with baseline (941 +/- 294 vs 1087 +/- 441, P < 0.05). Serum IL-6 levels correlated with MFI of TLR-2 and TLR-4 in stage 3-4 CKD patients and in HD patients at baseline and after HD in univariate analysis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that MFI of TLR-2 was an independent determinant of serum IL-6 concentrations in stage 3-4 CKD and in HD patients at baseline, at 300 min and at 24 h post-HD. Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that TLR-2 is associated with the inflammatory response of non-dialysed and dialysed CKD patients

Hepatotoxic microcystin removal using pumice embedded monolithic composite cryogel as an alternative water treatment method

WOS: 000370092000035PubMed: 26760486Microcystins are the most commonly encountered water-borne cyanotoxins which present short- and long-term risks to human health. Guidelines at international and national level, and legislation in some countries, have been introduced for the effective health risk management of these potent hepatotoxic, tumour-promoters. The stable cyclic structure of microcystins and their common production by cyanobacteria in water bodies at times of high total dissolved organic carbon content presents challenges to drinking water treatment facilities, with conventional, advanced and novel strategies under evaluation. Here, we have studied the removal of microcystins using three different forms of pumice particles (PPs), which are embedded into macroporous cryogel columns. Macroporous composite cryogel columns (MCCs) are a new generation of separation media designed to face this challenging task. Three different MCCs were prepared by adding plain PPs, Cu2+-attached PPs and Fe3+-attached PPs to reaction media before the cryogelation step. Column studies showed that MCCs could be successfully used as an alternative water treatment method for successful microcystin removal. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Cost (Tubitak) [110Y316, ES1105]This study was supported by Cost ES1105 (Tubitak 110Y316)

Uszkodzenie gałęzi powierzchownej nerwu promieniowego i gałęzi unerwiającej mięsień ramienno-promieniowy związane z kostniakochrzęstniakiem części bliższej kości promieniowej

The cutaneous branch of the radial nerve (superficial radial nerve, SRN) might be compressed or injured at various anatomical sites along its course in the forearm. Compression of the SRN occurring at the proximal third of the forearm is unusual. A 22-year-old man was admitted with pain and paraesthesia over the lateral aspect of his right wrist and thumb and pain at the elbow for six months. In electrodiagnostic testing, a sensory nerve action potential from the right SRN could not be recorded, while it was normal on the left. In a needle electromyography study, denervation potentials have been seen in the right brachioradial muscle and a decrease in interference pattern signals was also found. An exophytic lesion of the proximal radius was observed in radiographs. Computed tomography evaluation revealed an osteochondroma of the proximal radius. Neuropathies of the SRN and the brachioradial motor branch of the radial nerve are thought to be associated with proximal radial osteochondroma.Gałąź skórna nerwu promieniowego, nerw promieniowy powierzchowny, może zostać uciśnięta lub uszkodzona w różnych lokalizacjach anatomicznych na swoim przebiegu w przedramieniu. Ucisk nerwu promieniowego powierzchownego występujący w jednej trzeciej bliższej przedramienia jest rzadkością. Mężczyzna, lat 22, został przyjęty z powodu bólu i parestezji na bocznej powierzchni prawego nadgarstka i kciuka oraz bólu w okolicy łokcia, utrzymujących się od 6 miesięcy. W badaniu przewodnictwa nerwowego stwierdzono brak czuciowych potencjałów czynnościowych z prawego nerwu promieniowego powierzchownego; po stronie lewej potencjały takie były prawidłowe. W elektromiografii igłowej stwierdzono potencjały odnerwienia i zmniejszony zapis interferencyjny w prawym mięśniu ramienno-promieniowym. Na zdjęciach przeglądowych stwierdzono egzofityczną zmianę w obrębie części bliższej kości promieniowej. Obraz tomografii komputerowej wskazywał na kostniakochrzęstniaka części bliższej kości promieniowej. Uznano, że stwierdzone uszkodzenia nerwu promieniowego powierzchownego i gałęzi ruchowej nerwu promieniowego zaopatrującej mięsień ramienno-promieniowy są związane z obecnością tego guza