Платформи онлайн-освіти як ефективні канали комунікації

У статті розглянуто появу, формування та розвиток онлайн-освіти у світі та в Україні; розкрито походження найбільших студій онлайн-освіти (massive open online courses studios), еволюціювання онлайн-курсів, та різновиди онлайн-курсів станом на сьогодні. Також розглянуто специфіку діяльності студій онлайн-освіти в Україні та їх відмінності порівняно із західним зразком. Темп упровадження e-learning у українських закладах вищої освіти, разом зі супроводжуючими легітимними та мотиваційними факторами, також розглянуто. Окрім цього, у статті розкрито суть медіа-комерціалізації, тобто діяльності пов’язаної з отриманням прибутку завдяки впливу на медіа-аудиторії; досліджено доцільність замовлення та розміщення онлайн-курсів на інтерактивних освітніх платформах з метою отримання вигоди для бізнесу. Також у даній статті розглянуто поняття аутентичності реклами, досліджено потребу перетворення суто рекламного матеріалу у корисний та життєвий; зазначено переваги нативної реклами, втіленої в освітніх онлайн-курсах. Для обґрунтування необхідності комерціалізації сучасних інформаційних медіа-ресурсів (зокрема, студій онлайн-освіти), у статті було розглянуто українську організацію “EdEra”. Дана організація з’явилася у національній сфері онлайн-освіти однією з перших і встигла здобути визнання у декількох сотень тисяч українських освітян станом на 2019 рік. Наразі “EdEra” випускає освітні онлайн-курси під замовлення і розглядає можливість випуску авторських курсів (тобто власних). Щоб розкрити суть медіа-комерціалізаці, у статті наведено аргументи на користь перенесення рекламного матеріалу у контент освітніх онлайн-курсів, зокрема студії онлайн-освіти “EdEra”; також доведено застарілість сучасних способів Інтернет-реклами. Крім того, було розкрито суть аутентичної реклами та запропоновано варіанти введення подібної реклами задля комерціалізації освітніх онлайн -курсів. Також у статті розглянуто динаміку використання Інтернету в Україні та світі і наведено аргументи на користь зміни рекламного підходу у зв’язку з розвитком технологій блокування Інтернет-оголошень. Поєднавши сучасні тренди розвитку реклами та темпи зростання популярності нетрадиційної (тобто цифрової) освіти, у статті доводиться доцільність комерціалізації освітніх курсів для студій онлайн-освіти світу та, зокрема, організації “EdEra”.The article examines the emergence, formation and development of online education in the world and in Ukraine; research also reveals the origin of the largest massive open online course (MOOC) studios, the evolution of online courses and the variety of online courses at present. In addition, the article is also focused on specifics of Ukrainian MOOC studios in comparison with western MOOC studios. The pace of implementing e-learning into Ukrainian higher education institutions is also revealed, so as the corresponding legislative and motivational components of the process. In addition, the article reveals the essence of media commercialization – activities aimed at receiving profits due to the influence upon media audiences; the article also examines the expediency of ordering and placing online courses at interactive education platforms with a view of receiving advantages by businesses; advertising’s necessity of authenticity, so as the benefits of native advertising embodied in online courses are examined as well. In order to justify the need for commercialization of modern informational media resources (in particular, online education studios), “EdEra” organization was taken as the example. This organization appeared in Ukraine as one of the first online education studios and managed to earn the recognition of several hundred thousand Ukrainian educators as of 2019. Currently “EdEra” produces online educational courses upon the order but it considers creating its own courses (meaning they belong to “EdEra” and no one else). In order to reveal the essence of media-commercialization, the article provides arguments in favor of promotional materials’ shift to the content of educational online courses, particularly EdEra’s; it also revises modern Internet advertising methods that prove to be obsolete and non-effective. In addition, the essence of authentic advertising was disclosed and proposed for the commercialization of educational online courses. Also, the article discusses the dynamics of the Internet usage in Ukraine and worldwide, and promotes changing of the advertising approach in regard to the development of Internet ad blocking technologies. Taking into account modern trends of the advertising development and growing popularity of the non-traditional (digital) education, the article suggests the expediency of commercializing educational courses for the online education studios worldwide and for “EdEra” organization in particular

Return Migration From Russia to Kyrgyzstan: Dynamics, Causes, and Structure

Received 9 April 2023. Accepted 25 July 2023. Published online 6 October 2023.The study’s significance lies in the need for comprehensive information on return labor migration from Russia to Kyrgyzstan and the profiles of return migrants, which would allow us to anticipate spatial mobility in the future. This is particularly relevant due to Russia’s interest in new migrants as essential labor force to address the demographic crisis. The Kyrgyzstani government also requires these data to prevent unemployment among return migrants. This paper aims to assess return migration dynamics and its structure, uncover the causes, goals, and reasons for recurrent migration to Russia, and examine the expectations of Russia’s social and migration policy during the special military operation. The empirical analytical base comprises the results of a questionnaire survey of 515 return migrants and focused in-depth interviews with 37 return migrants in Kyrgyzstan in October–November 2022, as well as a questionnaire survey of 425 labor migrants and focused interviews with 52 labor migrants in November–December 2022 in Moscow. The findings indicate that return migration is voluntary and spontaneous. The official estimate of the scope of return migration, as well as the prospects of labor migration to Russia after February 24th, 2022 and the imposition of anti-Russian sanctions, remains unclear. The structure of return migration aligns with the structure of labor migration in Russia in terms of gender, age, and employment sectors. The motivation behind the decision to return has a cumulative effect. However, most respondents cited personal and family issues as the main reasons for return migration. Approximately 30% of respondents, regardless of gender, attributed the special military operation and the worsening economic situation in Russia as reasons for returning to their home country. About 22% of respondents envision recurrent migration to Russia in the near future, while around 30% have not yet decided. Labor migrants seek institutional support from Russia, including assistance in preparing registration documents, social insurance provision, removal of administrative obstacles for employment, and the creation of favorable conditions for adaptation

Mechanisms for attracting an international contingent of students to Russian universities in relation to the university, regional and federal levels

Increasing the export potential of the higher education system is a strategic goal of many developed and developing countries, including Russia. At the same time, attracting foreign students to domestic universities makes it possible to attract foreign intellectual resources, develop international cooperation and diplomacy. During the study, a model of a system for managing the competitiveness of higher education in Russia has been developed, which contributes to attracting an international contingent of students to Russian universities. This system takes into account the influence of global environmental factors and state macro-environment factors. The subject of management in this system is represented by the federal, regional and university levels. For each subject level, methods have been developed to attract an international contingent of students to Russian universities. The object of management in the developed system is the level of competitiveness of higher education in Russia

Domestic practices of increasing the international competitiveness of the Russian higher education institutions in the context of global challenges and threats

The Russian universities have to be demand among potential foreign applicants in the context of tightening competition in the global higher education market for resources, personnel and students. The possibility of attraction talented young people from other countries appears through the implementation of the education export in the context of the knowledge economy and global competition. In addition, interaction with foreign students contributes to the academic development of universities, knowledge diplomacy and international cooperation. The experience of the National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics and the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia in the field of increasing and applying indicators for assessing international competitiveness has been analysed. The correlation and regression analysis of the dependence of the number of foreign students studying in Russia on the number of Russian universities in the world university rankings has been carried out. The assessment of changes in the work of universities to attract foreign students during the COVID-19 pandemic has been performed

Growth hormone deficiency in childhood brain tumors and acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors

Thanks to modern treatment protocols, childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are a very fast-growing population nowadays. Cancer therapy inevitably leads to different late adverse effects, where endocrine disorders are highly prevalent, including growth hormone deficiency (GHD) which is the most common endocrine outcome after cancer treatment in childhood and contributes to impaired growth. Short stature is a big issue, which leads to problems in psychological and social adaptation of patients and reduces their quality of life. Impact of GH treatment on various physiological processes and global outcome of CCS is of great interest. Several studies have demonstrated an influence of GH and IGF-1 on the development/tumour growth, cell proliferation. In this regard, the issue of increasing the risk of cancer recurrence and/or the development of secondary neoplasms in CCS, causes a lot of controversy and is the subject of continuous evaluation. In this review, we went through the available data on the prevalence and pathogenesis of GHD following chemo- and radiotherapy, in particular after treatment of brain tumors and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood. In addition, here we discuss the existing problems in the diagnosis of GHD, the safety of GH replacement therapy, as well as the treatment algorithm of the GHD in adults

О подходах к формированию межведомственных статистических ресурсов, необходимых для мониторинга выполнения социальных программ

This article describes an approach to development of interagency statistical resources with regard to support program for children and families with children - «Children of Russia» - based on the best foreign practices. In other countries these types of statistical resources are created by cooperative efforts of government agencies (that are responsible for implementation of support 'programs for children and families with children) and research centers (universities). Program of development of a specialized unit of interagency information resources dedicated to the problems of children and families with children is put together to investigate the wellbeing of target groups, to work out a program for supporting children and families with children, to monitor program’s performance (stages and results). This resource is to be multifunctional; it may serve research and education interests of universities and raise public awareness and knowledge about this vital and socially significant sphere. Official statistics forms the basis for data array; functionality is amplified by analytical services with regard to needs of all interested parties (agencies, researchers and general public). The paper discusses an approach to creating an interagency resource with information on children and families with children in Russia. Despite the fact that several national ministries in line with their activity areas practice and keep statistical records on these topics, the data resources are not integrated for system analysis of problems of children and families with children. Therefore, in order to standardize the terminology and concepts in this field of statistical observation the authors propose developing a unified subject classification and integrating data in the resources’ multifunctional information framework. Such resource may provide means for integrated assessment of the general subject area and specific target groups. According to the authors, this resource may serve as a foundation for elaborating documents for strategic planning of effective family, maternity and childhood support policies at a new level of quality. The article proposes an approach to the development of statistical information resource based on Rosstat data with advanced interface and a set of analytical services, which include access to the methodology of statistical monitoring and access to thematic publications on the problems of children and families with children in regions of the country.Авторы с учетом практики развитых стран обосновывают подходы к формированию межведомственных статистических ресурсов применительно к программе помощи детям и семьям с детьми «Дети России». Отмечается, что такого рода статистические ресурсы в зарубежных странах создаются совместными усилиями государственных структур, в сферу ответственности которых входит реализация программ помощи семьям с детьми, и исследовательских центров (университетов). Программа разработки специализированного блока межведомственных информационных ресурсов, посвященных проблемам детей и семей с детьми, составляется исходя из задач исследования положения целевых групп, разработки и мониторинга этапов и результатов программ поддержки детей и семей с детьми, для научных проектов и просвещения общества в этой важной и социально значимой сфере. Основу информационного массива ресурсов составляет официальная статистика; функциональность дополнена аналитическими сервисами с учетом потребностей всех заинтересованных ведомств, исследователей и граждан страны. В статье обсуждается подход к созданию межведомственного ресурса, содержащего информацию о детях и семьях России. Несмотря на то, что ряд отечественных министерств по направлениям своей деятельности ведут статистический учет, связанный с указанной проблематикой, данные разных ведомств не интегрированы для системного анализа проблем детей и семей с детьми. Поэтому на основе унификации терминологии и понятий рассматриваемой области статистического наблюдения предлагается разработать единый тематический классификатор и интегрировать данные в рамках многофункционального информационного ресурса, на основе которого возможна комплексная характеристика как предметной области в целом, так и ее отдельных целевых групп. По мнению авторов, на базе такого ресурса возможна разработка на новом качественном уровне документов стратегического планирования для целей эффективной политики поддержки семьи, материнства и детства. Предложен подход к разработке информационного статистического ресурса на базе данных Росстата с развитым интерфейсом и комплексом аналитических сервисов, включая доступ к методологии статистического наблюдения и доступ к тематическим публикациям по проблемам детей и семей с детьми в регионах страны

Experience of using multielectrode catheter systems to perform radiofrequency renal sympathetic denervation in patients with resistant hypertension: immediate procedural effects

Aim. To investigate the baseline characteristics of patients with resistant hypertension (HTN) undergoing radiofrequency renal sympathetic denervation (RD) and to determine immediate procedural effects.Material and methods. During 2018-2019, two series of radiofrequency RD procedures were performed in patients with true resistant HTN using balloon-type (bipolar ablation) or spiral-type (unipolar ablation) multielectorde catheters. The basic demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of included patients were assessed. A comparative analysis of two groups was carried out depending on the type of catheter used. Dynamics of office systolic blood pressure (SBP) were assessed as ∆ between the two following timepoints: at screening and at hospital discharge. The safety of radiofrequency RD was assessed. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors associated with the ∆ of office SBP after radiofrequency RD.Results. A total of 48 patients taking 4 (4;6) antihypertensive drugs were sequentially included. Radiofrequency RD was performed with a balloon-type catheter in 27 patients (mean age, 56±12 years old; 12 males) and with a spiral-type catheter in 21 patients (50±14 years old; 8 males). Radiofrequency RD was significantly longer in the spiral catheter group than in balloon one (110 versus 60 minutes, p<0,001), as was the mean number of RF applications (24 versus 12, p=0,002). None of the patients had acute kidney injury after RD (creatinine ∆, -0,6 µmol/L; 95% CI [-3,97; 2,78]). A total of 4 patients had complications (3 femoral arterial pseudoaneurisms, one renal arterial dissection), all of which did not affect the average length of hospital stay (from 4 to 5 days). At discharge, there was a pronounced decrease in office SBP (adjusted for baseline characteristics) with the mean of -26 mm Hg (95% CI [-29; -23]). There were following main factors associated with the office SBP ∆: smoking status (positive), baseline office SBP (positive), and blood glucose (negative).Conclusion. Radiofrequency RD using multielectode catheters is characterized by favorable short-term hemodynamic effects. We have found novel potential predictors of these effects. Further research will focus on testing initial hypotheses in the long term

Leaf traits of C3- and C4-plants indicating climatic adaptation along a latitudinal gradient in Southern Siberia and Mongolia

Increasing aridity is one of the most important trends of current climate change. Leaf functional traits suggest a substantial basis for assessing the aridity effects on vegetation. However, since plants possess diverse leaf morphology and anatomy due to different evolutionary history of taxa, the effect of aridity can hardly be revealed in a multi-species analysis. We studied leaf functional traits for 317 samples of 193 plant species in steppe and desert communities along a 1600-km latitudinal gradient in Southern Siberia (Transbaikalia, Russia) and Mongolia. We determined morphological leaf traits, quantitative anatomical parameters, physiological parameters, and photosynthetic pigments content. Different relevance of leaf traits for indication of plant response to climate has been demonstrated. The clearest changes in site-mean values along the aridity gradient were shown for leaf thickness, total chloroplast number per leaf area (Nchl/A) and total surface area of chloroplasts (Achl/A) and cells (Ames/A) per leaf area. Unlike leaf size and leaf mass per area, these quantitative mesophyll parameters related to plant photosynthetic capacity were strongly correlated with climate. We found no evidence for a decrease in sizes of mesophyll cells with aridity, but cell volume as well as chloroplast number per cell were linked with plant functional type (PFT). We revealed an increase in Nchl/A and Achl/A in desert-steppe species in comparison to steppe and forest-steppe vegetation types within each PFT of C3-plants (C3-dicot herbs, C3-dicot shrubs, C3-monocots and C3-succulents). C4-plants were generally characterized by low Achl/A and Ames/A, but had higher rate of CO2-transfer through mesophyll and chloroplast surfaces. C3- and C4-plants differed in response to aridity and showed opposite trends in changes of leaf traits along the aridity gradient. We conclude that leaf mesophyll traits contribute to important mechanism of climatic adaptation in different PFTs along a large latitudinal gradient. © 2018 Elsevier GmbHRussian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: АААА-А17-117072810011-1, 17-29-05019, АААА-А17-117011810036-3The authors are deeply indebted Joint Russian-Mongolian Complex Biological Expedition RAS and MAS, who supported the field observation and data collection used in this study. The analytical part of this research has been partially supported by RFBR grant 17-29-05019 , and partly by project №АААА-А17-117072810011-1 of Russian Federal Budget . The research of O.A. Anenkhonov was carried out using the framework of project № АААА-А17-117011810036-3 supported by the Russian Federal Budget

Пути улучшения диагностики и лечения поражения легких при системной склеродермии на территории Сибирского федерального округа (материалы совместного совета экспертов ревматологов и пульмонологов от 8.12.2019)

The aim of the study was to develop ways to improve the diagnosis and treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc)-ILD. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common manifestation of SSc. In the territory of the Siberian Federal District (SFD), the number of patients with the progressive phenotype of SSc-ILD is approximately 750 people. When immunosuppressive therapy is ineffective and pulmonary fibrosis progresses, lung transplantation is indicated. The emergence of new possibilities of pathogenetic therapy currently requires studying the possibilities of their applications in real clinical practice on the territory of the SFD.Discussion. The results of a discussion of diagnostics, therapy, and routing of a rheumatology patient during the interdisciplinary observation of SSc-ILD in the SFD are presented. The reason for this discussion was the new data on the use of nintedanib in this category of patientsConclusion. To improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment of patients with SSc in the SFD, it is necessary to implement the principle of a multidisciplinary approach with the obligatory involvement of a pulmonologist and a radiologist (a specialist in CT diagnostics), and, if differential diagnosis is necessary in difficult clinical situations, of a pathomorphologist. An urgent task is the introduction of an algorithm for examining patients with SSc for the timely diagnosis of ILD in the territory of the Siberian Federal District. To improve the quality of medical care in the territory of the SFD for patients with ILD-SSc it is necessary to create a reference center in the city of Novosibirsk with the possibility of initiating anti-fibrosis therapy.Введение. Поражение легких у больных ССД является одним из наиболее частых проявлений висцеральной патологии и рассматривается как вариант фиброзирующих диффузных интерстициальных заболеваний легких (ИЗЛ). Несмотря на продемонстрированную эффективность патогенетической иммуносупрессивной терапии, у ряда пациентов фиброзные изменения в легочной ткани имеют прогрессирующее течение, что негативно сказывается на качестве и продолжительности жизни пациента. На территории Сибирского федерального округа (СФО) количество пациентов с ССД, имеющих прогрессирующее поражение легких, составляет приблизительно 750 человек. Таким образом, проблема своевременной диагностики и лечения поражения легких при ССД оказывается весьма актуальной и для СФО. Имеющиеся в настоящее время данные об эффективности современной противофиброзной терапии ИЗЛ при ССД требуют изучения возможности ее применения в реальной клинической практике на территории СФО.Цель. Разработать пути улучшения диагностики и лечения поражений легких при системной склеродермии (ССД).Обсуждение. Представлены результаты междисциплинарного обсуждения вопросов диагностики, терапии, маршрутизации пациентов с ССД и ИЗЛ на территории СФО. Причиной данного обсуждения явилось появление сведений об эффективности нинтеданиба у данной категории пациентов.Заключение. Для повышения эффективности диагностики и лечения больных ССД с поражением легких необходимо реализовать принцип мультидисциплинарного подхода с обязательным привлечением пульмонолога и рентгенолога (специалиста по КТ-диагностике), а при необходимости дифференциальной диагностики в сложных клинических ситуациях – патоморфолога. Актуальной задачей оказывается внедрение на территории СФО алгоритма обследования пациентов с ССД для своевременной диагностики ИЗЛ. Для повышения качества оказания медицинской помощи на территории СФО пациентам с ИЗЛ при ССД необходимо создать референсный центр в г.  Новосибирске с возможностью инициации специалистами этого центра антифибротической терапии